Nursing 54A - Hepatic Pathophysiology. Complete Study Guide. Latest 2021.

Hepatic Pathophysiology  Hepatic includes the liver, gallbladder and pancreas  2 things to look at: 1. Function of the liver 2. Structure or the liver  Both have implications in the manifestations of disease  Som ...

Hepatic Pathophysiology  Hepatic includes the liver, gallbladder and pancreas  2 things to look at: 1. Function of the liver 2. Structure or the liver  Both have implications in the manifestations of disease  Some DOs impact more the structure of the liver and that will present in a certain, vice versa Physiology and Function of Bile Flow  Bile flow- starts intrahepatic then goes extrahepatic  Bile is composed of primarily water, but cholesterol, bile acids (primary and secondary), pigments are present  Bile produced by hepatocytes in liver; they have intrahepatic ducts, ends up being stored in gallbladder o Primary bile acids: choli, chenodeoxycholic acid o Secondary bile acids: deoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid o Composed primarily of H2O, electrolytes, organic solute; low protein content o Additional components include pigment cholesterol phospholipids Physiology and Function of Bile Flow Gallbladder  Purpose of the gallbladder (GB) is not just to store the bile for use when we need extra bile for fatty foods (emulsification of fats?), but also to concentrate the bile  Once bile is in the GB, lot of the water is reabsorbed (bile is now more concentrated)  Concentrates and stores bile  Parts o Liver o Hepatic duct o Cystic duct o GB o Common bile duct- that secretes bile into the duodenum  During the fasting state, the sphincter contracts and bile moves from the liver, down the hepatic ducts, ends up going into the GB.  When eating fatty foods, the sphincter opens up (along with contraction of the GB) and bile moves from GB down into the small intestines  Fasting state o Muscular sphincter at ampulla of Vater is contracted; promotes flow of bile into gallbladder (doesn’t allow bile to move into the small intestines, diverts it to the GB) o Half of bile stored; half flows into duodenum