SEPSIS
NOT JUST ONE DISEASE.
DEFINITIONS
? Infection
● The invasion on normally sterile tissue by organisms resulting in infectious pathology
? Bacteremia/Septicemia
● The presence of viable bacteremia in th
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SEPSIS
NOT JUST ONE DISEASE.
DEFINITIONS
? Infection
● The invasion on normally sterile tissue by organisms resulting in infectious pathology
? Bacteremia/Septicemia
● The presence of viable bacteremia in the blood and is caused by a failure of the body’s defenses.
? Systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)
● A nonspecific inflammatory state that may be seen with infection as well as other noninfectious states (i.e. pulmonary embolism, pancreatitis)
? Sepsis
● The presence of SIRS associated with an infectious participant.
? Septic Shock
● The final stage of sepsis that has a circulatory, cellular, and metabolic abnormalities
? Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)
● A progressive dysfunction of one or more organ systems resulting from an uncontrolled inflammatory response to a severe illness or injury.
SEPSIS-NOT JUST ONE DISEASE
? Eitiology
● Leading cause of death in the U.S.
● Cost of treating sepsis exceeds $17billion annually
? Pathophysiology
● Endotoxin introduced to host
● Triggers release of CD4 cells which release:
? Anti-inflammatory cytokines
? Tumor necrosis factor, interluekons 1,2,6,8,12 ,y and platlett aggregating factor
● This activates the:
? Hypothalmus-fever, increased heart rate and respiratory rate
? Capillary Endothelial Cell-neutrophil margination, platelet adherence, DIC and depletion of intravascular volume
? Vessel Wall-Vasodilitation
The activation of the endothelial cell and the vessel wall precipitate cellular hypoxia which leads to lactic acidosis and death.
RISK FACTORS FOR SEPSIS
? ICU Admission
? Bacteremia
? Advanced Age
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