Exam 1 Review
Nursing process
o The weakness of the nursing process, like the traditional problem-solving model, is in not requiring
clearly stated objectives. Goals should be clearly stated in the planning phase of
...
Exam 1 Review
Nursing process
o The weakness of the nursing process, like the traditional problem-solving model, is in not requiring
clearly stated objectives. Goals should be clearly stated in the planning phase of the process, but
this step is frequently omitted or obscured.
Role of the nurse as a client advocate
Advocacy
• Advocacy involves helping others to grow and self-actualize
• Nurses must advocate for themselves, clients, subordinates, and their profession
• Advocates must inform others of their rights and make sure they have enough information to
make informed decisions
• Advocacy is defined as protecting and defending what one believes in for both self and others
Nursing Values Central to Advocacy
1. Each individual has a right to autonomy in deciding what course of action is most appropriate
to meet his or her health-care goals
2. Each individual has a right to hold personal values and to use those values in making healthcare decisions
3. All individuals should have access to the information they need to make informed decisions
and choices
4. The nurse must act on behalf of patients who are unable to advocate for themselves
5. Empowerment of patients and subordinates to make decisions and take action on their own is
the essence of advocacy
How Nurses Can Act as Advocates
• Helping others make informed decisions
• Acting as intermediaries in the environment
• Directly intervening on behalf of others
• Advocating for social justice
Controlling Patient Choices versus Assisting Patient Choices
It is important for the patient advocate to be able to differentiate between controlling patient
choices (domination and dependence) and assisting patient choices (allowing freedom)
Allowing the patient to make his/her decision after he/she has been giving all necessary
information that could help in making the choice.
Advocating for Patients as Managers
• Creating a work environment that recognizes patients’ needs and goals as paramount
• Creating a work culture in which patients are respected, well informed, and empowered
• Advocating for patients with regard to distribution of resources and the use of technology
• Taking risks particularly when advocating for a client may be in direct conflict with a provider or
institutional goal
Common Areas Requiring Nurse–Patient Advocacy
• End-of-life decisions; aging populations
• Technological advances
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