NR-507-2021- Advanced Pathophysiology - Week 7 Quiz Study guide
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Musculoskeletal: A fracture is a break in the continuity of a bone. A break occurs when force is applied that exceeds the tensile or compressive strength of the bone. ● Types of Fracture: Classi... fied as Complete or incomplete and Open or closed fracture. ➢ Complete fracture- the integrity of the bone is broken into two pieces ➢ Incomplete fracture- the bone is damaged but still in one piece. Types: greenstick, buckle or torus, and bowing. ➢ A greenstick fracture perforates one cortex and splinters the spongy bone and is relatively unstable. The term greenstick is derived from the damage sustained by a young tree branch (a green stick) when it is bent sharply. The outer surface of the bone (or tree branch) is disrupted, but the inner surface remains intact. Greenstick fractures typically occur in the metaphysis or diaphysis of the tibia, radius, and ulna. ➢ In a buckle or torus fracture, the cortex of the bone buckles but does not break, thus making it a relatively stable fracture. ➢ Bowing fractures usually occur when longitudinal force is applied to bone. ➢ Open fracture/Compound fracture-concurrent break in the skin in the area of the fracture. ➢ Closed Fracture/Simple fracture-no break in the surrounding skin. ➢ Fractures are classified according to the direction of the fracture line. ➢ A linear fracture runs parallel to the long axis of the bone. ➢ An oblique fracture is a slanted fracture of the shaft of the bone. ➢ A spiral fracture encircles the bone. ➢ A transverse fracture occurs straight across the bone. [Show More]
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