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Peds Exam 2 Study Guide

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NSG 6310 exam 2 –Attempt score 100% A patient who is on renal dialysis is diagnosed with infective endocarditis. What causative organisms are more likely in this patient? a. Staphylococcus aureus b. Enterococcal organisms c. Pseudomonas aeruginosa d. Neisseria gonorrhea According to current research, which are associated with a decreased incidence of stroke? (Select all that apply.) a. ≧7 servings of fruits and vegetables per day b. B-complex vitamin supplements c. Intensive insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes d. Low-sugar soda e. Mediterranean diet A patient has native valve endocarditis. While blood cultures are pending, which antibiotics will be ordered as empiric treatment? a. Vancomycin and quinupristin-dalfopristin b. A beta-lactamase resistant penicillin and an antifungal drug c. Penicillin and an aminoglycoside antibiotic d. Imipenem-cilastin and ampicillin Term An asymptomatic 63-year-old female has a low-density lipoprotein level of 135 mg/dL. Which test is beneficial to assess this patient’s coronary artery disease risk? a. Exercise echocardiography b. C-reactive protein c. Coronary artery calcium score d. Myocardial perfusion imaging An elderly female without prior history of cardiovascular disease reports lower leg soreness and fatigue when shopping or walking in the neighborhood. The primary care provider notes decreased pedal pulses bilaterally. Which test will the provider order initially to evaluate for peripheral arterial disease based on these symptoms? a. Digital subtraction angiography b. Doppler ankle, arm index c. Segmental limb pressure measurement d. Magnetic resonance angiography A patient is diagnosed with PAD and elects not to have angioplasty after an angiogram reveals partial obstruction in lower extremity arteries. What will the provider recommend to help with relief of symptoms in this patient? a. Walking to the point of pain each day b. Statin therapy with clopidogrel c. Daily aspirin therapy to prevent clotting d. Walking slowly for 15 to 20 minutes twice daily Term A patient has a cardiac murmur that peaks in midsystole and is best heard along the left sternal border. The provider determines that the murmur decreases in intensity when the patient changes from standing to squatting and increases in intensity with the Valsalva maneuver. Which cause will the provider suspect for this murmur? a. Mitral valve prolapse b. Aortic stenosis c. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy d. Tricuspid regurgitation Ter A patient has infective endocarditis and is being treated with empiric antibiotics after blood cultures are inconclusive. The patient develops a severe headache along with transient neurologic changes. What is the likely cause of these symptoms? a. Rheumatic heart fever b. Extra-cardiac abscess formation c. Mycotic aneurysm d. Haemophilus infection Term A child with a history of asthma is brought to the clinic with a rapid heart rate. A cardiac monitor shows a heart rate of 225 beats per minute. The provider notifies transport to take the child to the emergency department. What initial intervention may be attempted in the clinic? a. Giving a beta blocker b. Using a vagal maneuver or carotid massage c.

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