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ATI NUTRITION COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW STUDY GUIDE

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ATI NUTRITION COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW STUDY GUIDE (Chapter 1 - Chapter 16 & Misc. Topics but Important to Know) Chapter 1 ● Heme Sources of Iron: fish, meat, poultry (animal products). ● Non-Heme Sources of iron: grains, legumes, vegetables ● Vitamin D Rich foods: fish, dairy,egg, sunlight. ● Fats should be 20-35% of daily calorie intake ● Protein should be 10-35% daily calorie intake ● Water intake should be between 2-3 L daily ● The body needs iron in 20mg or less as it is a trace element. ● Major Sources of Magnesium: Tuna, Halibut ● Minor Sources of Magnesium: Green leafy vegetables, nuts, chocolate ● Dysrhythmias are associated with K deficiency ● Scurvy is associated with vitamin C deficiency ● Pernicious anemia is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency ● Megaloblastic anemia is associated with folate deficiencies ● Bleeding Gums results from Vitamin C deficiency ● Complete Proteins: from animal sources and soy, have all 9 amino acids in them. ● Incomplete Proteins: from plant sources and do not have enough amino acids in them. ● Complementary proteins: food sources that are incomplete proteins by themselves, but are a complete protein when combined together with another. ● Main factors influencing the bodies requirement for protein: tissue growth, quality of dietary proteins, added needs due to illness (burns, COPD, tissue injury) Chapter 2 ● Excess glycerol is reassembled with fatty acids into triglycerides ● The liver converts unused glucose to glycogen that is stored in muscle tissues and liver for later use ● Excess fatty acids are converted back to triglycerides and stored in adipose tissues ● The body uses available ATP for growth and repair and uses stored fat and glycogen if not ATP is available. ● Morphine is a narcotic and decreases metabolism ● Levothyroxine treats hypothyroidism and will increase body metabolism ● Barbiturates will decrease metabolism ● Diluadid will decrease metabolism ● Factors that increase BMR: lactation,pregnancy, increased stress, puberty, growing, illness ● Factors that Decrease BMR: malnutrition, older age ● Possible Causes of Negative Nitrogen Balance or Catabolism: illness, malnutrition,trauma, aging ● Possible Causes of Positive Nitrogen Balance or anabolism: adolescence, pregnancy, childhood, infancy ● Ingestion is the process of taking in food by mouth ● Digestion involves breaking down of food into nutrients so it can be absorbed ● Absorption is the process by which pass through the walls of the digestive system to be used. ● Catabolism: process which food is broken down into smaller molecules that release heat and chemical energy ● Anabolism is the building of new body substances Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Nutrition Skills Module Enteral Feeding Skills Module ‘ Diabetes Management Skills Module

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