NCLEX PN WITH ALL THE ANSWERS LATEST SUMMER 2020

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Acid-base balance/ventilators Rule of the B’s.. If the pH & the bicarb are both in the same direction = metabolic If they are in different directions = respiratory pH = 7.35-7.45 acidosis/alkalos... is HCO3 (bicarb) = 22-26 (2+2+2 = 6) CO2 = 45-35 ex: pH: 7.30 = ↓ bicarb: 20 = ↓ = metabolic acidosis ex: pH: 7.58 =↑ bicarb: 32 = ↑ = metabolic alkalosis ex: pH: 7.22 =↓ bicarb: 30 =↑ = respiratory acidosis ex: You are providing care to a client with the following blood gas results: pH 7.32, CO2 49, HCO3 29, PO2 80 & SaO2 90%. Based on the results, the client is experiencing: ↓ = acidosis, ↑ = respiratory -opioid: CNS depressant.. know the symptoms (sedation, respiratory depression, etc).. *principle: acid base signs/symptoms..as the pH goes… so goes my patient!!! -when pH goes up; patient goes up.. (everything gets irritable!) -when pH goes down; patient goes down! (systems in your body shut down) …except with potassium: when pH goes up; potassium goes down… when pH goes down; potassium goes up! (up) alkalosis: irritibility, hyper-reflexia (3 & 4), tachypnea, tachycardia, borborygmi (increased bowel sounds), seizure, aspirate.. (down) acidosis: hypo-reflexia, bradycardia, lethergy (obtunded), paralytic ileus (decreased bowel sounds), coma, respiratory arrest (ambu-bag!!) Kussmaul breathing is a deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure… MAC Kussmaul!! [Show More]

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