Intro to the Nervous System
The nervous system receives and processes information and sends out signals to the muscles and glands to elicit an appropriate response. In this way, the nervous system integrates and con
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Intro to the Nervous System
The nervous system receives and processes information and sends out signals to the muscles and glands to elicit an appropriate response. In this way, the nervous system integrates and controls the other systems of the body.
In the human nervous system, the central nervous system (Figure below) includes the brain and the spinal cord (dorsal nerve cord), which lie in the midline of the body.
The skull protects the brain and the vertebrae protect the spinal cord. The central nervous system can send signals or impulses to and receive impulses from the peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system includes all nerves not in the brain or spinal cord which are the cranial nerves that connect directly to the brain and the spinal nerves which project from either side of the spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system connects all parts of the body to the central nervous system and can be divided into a sensory or afferent division and a motor or efferent division. The peripheral nervous system receives impulses from the sensory organs via the afferent division and then relays signals or impulses from the central nervous system to muscles and glands via the motor or efferent division. The efferent division can be further divided into the somatic system and the autonomic system. The somatic system nerves control skeletal muscles, skin, and joints. The autonomic system nerves control the glands and smooth muscles of the internal organs and are not generally under conscious control and can be divided into two systems: the sympathetic system which activates and prepares the body for vigorous muscular
activity, stress, and emergencies and the parasympathetic system which lowers activity, operates during normal situations, permits digestion, and conserves energy.
Problem Set 1:
1. The function of the nervous system is to integrate and control the other body systems. Explain how the nervous system does this.
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2. List the 2 parts of the central nervous system.
3. How are the parts of the central nervous system protected?
4. How do the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system interact?
5. What is included in the peripheral nervous system?
6. What are the 2 divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
7. Describe the movement of nerve impulses in the peripheral nervous system.
8. What are the 2 divisions of the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system?
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9. What is controlled by the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?
10. What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
11. What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?
12. What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Problem Set 1
1. The nervous system receives and processes information and sends out signals to the muscles and glands to elicit an appropriate response. In this way, the nervous system integrates and controls the other systems of the body.
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