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Focus on Maternity Exam

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Focus on Maternity Exam 1. 1.79639408 The home care nurse is instructing a client with hyperemesis gravidarum about measures to ease the nausea and vomiting. What does the nurse tell the client to ... do? A. Eat foods high in calories and fat B. Lie down for at least 20 minutes after meals C. Eat carbohydrates such as cereals, rice, and pasta Correct D. Consume primarily soups and liquids at mealtimes Rationale: Low-fat foods and easily digested carbohydrates such as fruit, breads, cereals, rice, and pasta provide important nutrients and help prevent a low blood glucose level, which can cause nausea. Soups and other liquids should be taken between meals to avoid distending the stomach and triggering nausea. Sitting upright after meals reduces gastric reflux. Additionally, food portions should be small and foods with strong odors should be eliminated from the diet, because food smells often incite nausea. Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination and focus on the client’s diagnosis and the subject, ways to ease and prevent nausea and vomiting. Knowing that foods high in fat may be difficult to digest will assist you in eliminating this option. Next eliminate the option that involves consuming primarily soups and fluids at meals, recalling that liquids will cause distention of the stomach. To select from the remaining options, recall that lying down after meals can cause gastric reflux; this will direct you to the correct option. Review: preventing nausea and vomiting Level of Cognitive Ability: Applying Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning Content Area: Maternity/Antepartum Giddens Concepts: Fluid and Electrolytes, Nutrition HESI Concepts: Fluids and Electrolytes, Nutrition Awarded 100.0 points out of 100.0 possible points. 2. 2.I79639405 The nurse is caring for a client with preeclampsia who is receiving a magnesium sulfate infusion to prevent eclampsia. Which finding indicates to the nurse that the medication is effective? A. Clonus is present. B. Magnesium level is 10 mg/dL (4.11 mmol/L). C. Deep tendon reflexes are absent. D. The client experiences diuresis within 24 to 48 hours. Correct Rationale: Magnesium sulfate is effective in preventing seizures (eclampsia) if diuresis occurs within 24 to 48 hours of the start of the infusion. As part of the therapeutic response, renal perfusion is increased and the client is free of visual disturbances, headache, epigastric pain, clonus (the rapid rhythmic jerking motion of the foot that occurs when the client’s lower leg is supported and the foot is sharply dorsiflexed), and seizure activity. Hyperreflexia indicates cerebral irritability. Clonus is normally not present. The therapeutic magnesium level is 4 to 8 [Show More]

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