Final Exam Study Guide
NUR 2790: Professional Nursing III
MODULE 1: CELLULAR REGULATION
Cancer
Primary vs. Secondary prevention
Primary CA prevention: removal of “at risk” tissue, chemoprevention, vaccination (HPV
...
Final Exam Study Guide
NUR 2790: Professional Nursing III
MODULE 1: CELLULAR REGULATION
Cancer
Primary vs. Secondary prevention
Primary CA prevention: removal of “at risk” tissue, chemoprevention, vaccination (HPV)
Secondary CA prevention: regular screening
Risk factors/warning signs (CAUTION mneumonic)
C: change in bowel/bladder function
A: a sore throat that does not heal
U: unusual bleeding
T: thickening lumps
I: indigestion/difficulty swallowing
O: obvious change in mole
N: nagging cough/hoarseness
Treatment types, side effects/complications (& treatment/nursing care of side
effects/complications)
Surgery: can be prophylactic, diagnostic, curative, palliative
SE/complications: removed organs and tissues lose function, removal of organs does
not necessarily rid cancer
Radiation: destroy cancer cells with minimal damaging effects of surrounding normal
cells
SE/complications: radiation dermatitis, altered taste/fatigue, atherosclerosis,
coronary artery disease, fibrosis, scarring, bone marrow suppression
Nursing care: provide accurate info, skin care (wash gently with soap and water,
avoid scrubbing), do not remove temporary ink markings, provide nutritional
support, care of xerostomia (administer saliva substitutes, lozenges, mouth rinses),
reduce risk for bone fracture, encourage exercise and sleep interventions to treat
fatigue
Chemotherapy: treatment of cancer using antineoplastic drugs (cytotoxic systemic
therapy)
SE/complications: dosage and scheduling (dose-limiting side effects may impact),
extravasation and vesicants, bone marrow suppression (neutropenia, anemia,
thrombocytopenia), mucositis (inflammation of oral mucosa) alopecia (hair loss),
chemo brain, chemo-induced peripheral neuropathy, fatigue
Nursing care: epo-alfa/Epogen, blood products, no flossing, soft toothbrush, no
razors, no NSAIDS, treat nausea (peppermint oil, Zofran, fluids, room temperature
food, alcohol swabs)
Immunotherapy: enhances and alters pt’s biological response to cancer cells via
direct antitumor activity
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