*NURSING > QUESTIONS & ANSWERS > NURS 8022 Chapter 21: Alterations of Hematologic Function Understanding Pathophysiology (All)

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NURS 8022 Chapter 21: Alterations of Hematologic Function Understanding Pathophysiology

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1. A patient’s anemia is described as having erythrocytes that demonstrate poikilocytosis. The nurse would recognize the erythrocytes would be: a. pale in color. b. present in various sizes. c. ... able to assume various shapes. d. live only a few days. ANS: C Poikilocytosis means the erythrocytes are able to assume various shapes; it does not refer to color, size, and life span. REF: p. 513 2. A newborn is diagnosed with congenital intrinsic factor deficiency. Which of the following types of anemia will the nurse see documented on the chart? a. Iron deficiency b. Pernicious c. Sideroblastic d. Hemolytic ANS: B A lack of the intrinsic factor leads to pernicious anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is not related to the intrinsic factor. Pernicious anemia is due to the lack of the intrinsic factor; sideroblastic anemia is not related to the intrinsic factor. Hemolytic anemia results from destruction of cells. REF: p. 515 3. When a nurse is reviewing lab results and notices that the erythrocytes contain an abnormally low concentration of hemoglobin, the nurse calls these erythrocytes: a. hyperchromic. b. hypochromic. c. macrocytic. d. microcytic. ANS: B Hypochromic erythrocytes have low concentrations of hemoglobin. Hyperchromic erythrocytes have high concentrations of hemoglobin. Macrocytic and microcytic refer to cell size. REF: p. 517 4. A 5-year-old was diagnosed with normocytic-normochromic anemia. Which type of anemia does the nurse suspect the patient has? a. Sideroblastic b. Hemolyticc. Pernicious d. Iron deficiency ANS: B Hemolytic anemia is an example of normocytic-normochromic anemia. Sideroblastic anemia is an example of microcytic hypochromic anemia. Pernicious anemia is an example of a macrocytic anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is an example of microcytic hypochromic anemia. REF: p. 514, Table 21-1 5. After initial compensation, what hemodynamic change should the nurse monitor for in a patient who has a reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes? a. Increased viscosity of blood b. Decreased cardiac output c. Altered coagulation d. Hyperdynamic circulatory state ANS: D After initial compensation, the blood flows faster and more turbulently than normal blood, causing a hyperdynamic circulatory state. Blood viscosity decreases rather than increases. Cardiac output incr [Show More]

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