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TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diabetes has reached a pandemic level; affecting almost thirty million people nationally, and over three hundred million internationally. While this disease is preven... table, there is no known cure, only ways to manage the symptoms. Once an individual is diagnosed, they can manage by modifying their lifestyle, taking appropriate medications, and refraining from the use of tobacco products. There are numerous risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes; such as weight, inactivity, family history, and age. There are cultural risk factors involved, for example, the number of type 2 diabetes cases has exploded in India due to epigenetics and lifestyles. Epidemiologic data is showing that this disease killed nearly 250,000 Americans in 2010 and the number of newly diagnosed is almost two million every year (Centers for Disease Control, 2015). This disease can afflict people across countless socioeconomic groups and from pediatrics to the elderly. Individuals diagnosed, undiagnosed, or just curious, can find excellent resources at the local, state, and federal levels. Type 2 diabetes has a severe impact on society; from cost of care to loss of life. What Is Diabetes Mellitus?“DM is a chronic disease affecting carbohydrate, or sugar, metabolism due to inadequate production of insulin by the pancreatic islets of Langerhans.” (Neighbors & Tannehill-Jones, 2015, p. 315). The pancreas contains the islets which are scattered throughout. In it, glucagon raises an individual’s blood sugar, while insulin lowers it. The primary energy source is sugar, or glucose. So when the blood sugar rises, the pancreas secretes insulin to help push the sugar from in the blood, to the tissue (Neighbors & Tannehill-Jones, 2015, p. 315). Without the adequate amount of insulin secreted, the tissue is then deprived of any sugar. Since there is no sugar in the tissue, the cells must then begin breaking down fats and protein. When this occurs, there is a [Show More]

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