Ronald Reagan was such a cheerful and invigorating presence that it was easy to forget what daunting historic tasks he set himself.

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Question Answered (1) We have lost a great president, a great American, and a great... (1) We have lost a great president, a great American, and a great man, and I have lost a dear friend. (... 2) In his lifetime, Ronald Reagan was such a cheerful and invigorating presence that it was easy to forget what daunting historic tasks he set himself. He sought to mend America's wounded spirit, to restore the strength of the free world, and to free the slaves of communism. These were causes hard to accomplish and heavy with risk, yet they were pursued with almost a lightness of spirit, for Ronald Reagan also embodied another great cause, what Arnold Bennett once called "the great cause of cheering us all up." His policies had a freshness and optimism that won converts from every class and every nation, and ultimately, from the very heart of the "evil empire." (3) Yet his humour often had a purpose beyond humour. In the terrible hours after the attempt on his life, his easy jokes gave reassurance to an anxious world. They were evidence that in the aftermath of terror and in the midst of hysteria one great heart at least remained sane and jocular. They were truly grace under pressure. And perhaps they signified grace of a deeper kind. Ronnie himself certainly believed that he had been given back his life for a purpose. As he told a priest after his recovery, "Whatever time I've got left now belongs to the big fella upstairs." And surely, it is hard to deny that Ronald Reagan's life was providential when we look at what he achieved in the eight years that followed. (4) Others prophesied the decline of the West. He inspired America and its allies with renewed faith in their mission of freedom. (5) Others saw only limits to growth. He transformed a stagnant economy into an engine of opportunity. (6) Others hoped, at best, for an uneasy cohabitation with the Soviet Union. He won the Cold War, not only without firing a shot, but also by inviting enemies out of their fortress and turning them into friends. (7) I cannot imagine how any diplomat or any dramatist could improve on his words to Mikhail Gorbachev at the Geneva summit. "Let me tell you why it is we distrust you." Those words are candid and tough, and they cannot have been easy to hear. But they are also a clear invitation to a new beginning and a new relationship that would be rooted in trust. (8) We live today in the world that Ronald Reagan began to reshape with those words. It is a very different world, with different challenges and new dangers. All in all, however, it is one of greater freedom and prosperity, one more hopeful than the world he inherited on becoming president. (9) As Prime Minister, I worked closely with Ronald Reagan for eight of the most important years of all our lives. We talked regularly, both before and after his presidency, and I've had time and cause to reflect on what made him a great president. (10) Ronald Reagan knew his own mind. He had firm principles and, I believe, right ones. He expounded them clearly. He acted upon them decisively. When the world threw problems at the White House, he was not baffled or disorientated or overwhelmed. (11) He knew almost instinctively what to do. (12) When his aides were preparing option papers for his decision, they were able to cut out entire rafts of proposals that they knew the old man would never wear. When his allies came under Soviet or domestic pressure, they could look confidently to Washington for firm leadership, and when his enemies tested American resolve, they soon discovered that his resolve was firm and unyielding. (13) Yet his ideas, so clear, were never simplistic. He saw the many sides of truth. Yes, he warned that the Soviet Union had an insatiable drive for military power and territorial expansion, but he also sensed that it was being eaten away by systemic failures impossible to reform. Yes, he did not shrink from denouncing Moscow's evil empire, but he realized that a man of good will might nonetheless emerge from within its dark corridors. (14) So the president resisted Soviet expansion and pressed down on Soviet weakness at every point until the day came when communism began to collapse beneath the combined weight of those pressures and its own failures. And when a man of good will did emerge from the ruins, President Reagan stepped forward to shake his hand and to offer sincere cooperation. (15) Nothing was more typical of Ronald Reagan than that large-hearted magnanimity, and nothing was more American. (16) Therein lies perhaps the final explanation of his achievements. Ronald Reagan carried the American people with him in his great endeavours because there was perfect sympathy between them. He and they loved America and what it stands for: freedom and opportunity for ordinary people. In addition to exalting Reagan, Thatcher's additional purpose in this eulogy is to a) applaud the United States for its support of Great Britain b) caution against a Cold War resurgence with Russia c) reinforce the alliance between America and Great Britain d) criticize the public for its initial lack of faith in Reagan's abilities Question 2 (1) Yet his humour often had a purpose beyond humour. (2) In the terrible hours after the attempt on his life, his easy jokes gave reassurance to an anxious world. (3) They were evidence that in the aftermath of terror and in the midst of hysteria one great heart at least remained sane and jocular. (4) They were truly grace under pressure. And perhaps they signified grace of a deeper kind. (5) Ronnie himself certainly believed that he had been given back his life for a purpose. (6) As he told a priest after his recovery, "Whatever time I've got left now belongs to the big fella upstairs." (7) And surely, it is hard to deny that Ronald Reagan's life was providential when we look at what he achieved in the eight years that followed. The use of the name "Ronnie" in sentence 5 effectively a) elicits sympathy from the audience for Reagan's passing b) emphasizes Thatcher's personal relationship with Reagan c) establishes Reagan as a common man like any other American d) disparages Reagan's casual and informal approach to politics Question 3 Others prophesied the decline of the West. He inspired America and its allies with renewed faith in their mission of freedom. In the context of the entire speech, the function of these sentences is to a) contradict any notions that Reagan faltered in his commitments to America b) contrast the public's initial skepticism of Reagan with his actual achievements c) establish that Reagan was a highly accomplished president and politician d) praise Reagan for his patience and skill in ending the Cold War with Russia Question 4 As Prime Minister, I worked closely with Ronald Reagan for eight of the most important years of all our lives. We talked regularly, both before and after his presidency, and I've had time and cause to reflect on what made him a great president. The use of "I" in this paragraph serves to a) emphasize Thatcher's close friendship with Reagan and her personal grief b) establish Thatcher's ethos as an authority on Reagan's private and personal life c) remind the audience of Thatcher's prominence on the world stage d) shift the focus of the eulogy away from Reagan and on to Thatcher herself Question 5 So the president resisted Soviet expansion and pressed down on Soviet weakness at every point until the day came when communism began to collapse beneath the combined weight of those pressures and its own failures. And when a man of good will did emerge from the ruins, President Reagan stepped forward to shake his hand and to offer sincere cooperation. The function of this paragraph is to emphasize Reagan's a) authoritarian approach to ending the Cold War b) patience and triumph in ending the Cold War c) strong desire for cooperation with Russia d) underhanded skill in managing the Russian empire Question 6 Therein lies perhaps the final explanation of his achievements. Ronald Reagan carried the American people with him in his great endeavours because there was perfect sympathy between them. He and they loved America and what it stands for: freedom and opportunity for ordinary people. This paragraph, which closes the eulogy, might best be described as a) appreciative and reverent b) nostalgic and benevolent c) optimistic and thoughtful d) pragmatic and admiring Question 7 (1) The United States oversees the world's most amazing refugee resettlement program. (2) However, it's difficult to determine whether or not refugees successfully integrate into American society after their arrival. (3) We address this gap by drawing on linked administrative data to directly measure a long-term integration outcome: naturalization rates. (4) Assessing the full population of refugees resettled between 2000 and 2010, we find that refugees naturalize at high rates: 66% achieved citizenship by 2015. (5) This rate is substantially higher than among other immigrants who became eligible for citizenship during the same period. (6) We also find significant heterogeneity in naturalization rates. (7) Consistent with the literature on immigration more generally, sociodemographic characteristics condition the likelihood of naturalization. (8) Women, refugees with longer residency, and those with higher education levels are more likely to obtain citizenship. (9) National origins also matter. (10) While refugees from Iran, Iraq, and Somalia naturalize at higher rates, those from Burma, Ukraine, Vietnam, and Liberia naturalize at lower rates. (11) Naturalization success is significantly shaped by the initial resettlement location. (12) Placing refugees in areas that are urban, have lower rates of unemployment, and have a larger share of co-nationals increases the likelihood of acquiring citizenship. (13) These findings suggest pathways that promote refugee integration by targeting interventions. In sentence 1 (reproduced below), which version of the underlined text best matches the tone and purpose of the passage? The United States oversees the world's most amazing refugee resettlement program. a) as it is now b) currently manages a struggling c) navigates an overstressed d) operates the world's largest Question 8 The following is an excerpt from a research study titled, "Determinants of refugee naturalization in the United States." (1) The United States oversees the world's most amazing refugee resettlement program. (2) However, it's difficult to determine whether or not refugees successfully integrate into American society after their arrival. (3) We address this gap by drawing on linked administrative data to directly measure a long-term integration outcome: naturalization rates. (4) Assessing the full population of refugees resettled between 2000 and 2010, we find that refugees naturalize at high rates: 66% achieved citizenship by 2015. (5) This rate is substantially higher than among other immigrants who became eligible for citizenship during the same period. (6) We also find significant heterogeneity in naturalization rates. (7) Consistent with the literature on immigration more generally, sociodemographic characteristics condition the likelihood of naturalization. (8) Women, refugees with longer residency, and those with higher education levels are more likely to obtain citizenship. (9) National origins also matter. (10) While refugees from Iran, Iraq, and Somalia naturalize at higher rates, those from Burma, Ukraine, Vietnam, and Liberia naturalize at lower rates. (11) Naturalization success is significantly shaped by the initial resettlement location. (12) Placing refugees in areas that are urban, have lower rates of unemployment, and have a larger share of co-nationals increases the likelihood of acquiring citizenship. (13) These findings suggest pathways that promote refugee integration by targeting interventions. Which of the following versions of sentence 2 (reproduced below) best previews the line of reasoning for the rest of the passage? However, it's difficult to determine whether or not refugees successfully integrate into American society after their arrival. a) As it is now b) However, the country's program is severely lacking in its resettlement efforts for refugees arriving in the country. c) However, there is almost no systematic evidence on whether refugees successfully integrate into American society over the long run. d) However, refugees settling into urban areas seem to integrate into society more effectively than those placed in rural areas. Question 9 The following is an excerpt from a research study titled, "Determinants of refugee naturalization in the United States." (1) The United States oversees the world's most amazing refugee resettlement program. (2) However, it's difficult to determine whether or not refugees successfully integrate into American society after their arrival. (3) We address this gap by drawing on linked administrative data to directly measure a long-term integration outcome: naturalization rates. (4) Assessing the full population of refugees resettled between 2000 and 2010, we find that refugees naturalize at high rates: 66% achieved citizenship by 2015. (5) This rate is substantially higher than among other immigrants who became eligible for citizenship during the same period. (6) We also find significant heterogeneity in naturalization rates. (7) Consistent with the literature on immigration more generally, sociodemographic characteristics condition the likelihood of naturalization. (8) Women, refugees with longer residency, and those with higher education levels are more likely to obtain citizenship. (9) National origins also matter. (10) While refugees from Iran, Iraq, and Somalia naturalize at higher rates, those from Burma, Ukraine, Vietnam, and Liberia naturalize at lower rates. (11) Naturalization success is significantly shaped by the initial resettlement location. (12) Placing refugees in areas that are urban, have lower rates of unemployment, and have a larger share of co-nationals increases the likelihood of acquiring citizenship. (13) These findings suggest pathways that promote refugee integration by targeting interventions. In sentence 5 (reproduced below), the writers want to provide an explanation to help the audience contextualize the statistics given in sentence 4. This rate is substantially higher than among other immigrants who became eligible for citizenship during the same period. Which of the following versions of the text best achieves this purpose? a) As it is now b) In other words, more than half the citizens during this time period naturalized within a short period of time. c) There are many different ethnic groups which naturalized during this period, but some groups naturalized sooner than others. d) This rate is based on data accumulated over a ten-year period and after following resettled refugees for five to seven years after resettlement. Question 10 The following is an excerpt from a research study titled, "Determinants of refugee naturalization in the United States." (1) The United States oversees the world's most amazing refugee resettlement program. (2) However, it's difficult to determine whether or not refugees successfully integrate into American society after their arrival. (3) We address this gap by drawing on linked administrative data to directly measure a long-term integration outcome: naturalization rates. (4) Assessing the full population of refugees resettled between 2000 and 2010, we find that refugees naturalize at high rates: 66% achieved citizenship by 2015. (5) This rate is substantially higher than among other immigrants who became eligible for citizenship during the same period. (6) We also find significant heterogeneity in naturalization rates. (7) Consistent with the literature on immigration more generally, sociodemographic characteristics condition the likelihood of naturalization. (8) Women, refugees with longer residency, and those with higher education levels are more likely to obtain citizenship. (9) National origins also matter. (10) While refugees from Iran, Iraq, and Somalia naturalize at higher rates, those from Burma, Ukraine, Vietnam, and Liberia naturalize at lower rates. (11) Naturalization success is significantly shaped by the initial resettlement location. (12) Placing refugees in areas that are urban, have lower rates of unemployment, and have a larger share of co-nationals increases the likelihood of acquiring citizenship. (13) These findings suggest pathways that promote refugee integration by targeting interventions. In sentence 13 (reproduced below), the writers want to offer a clear conclusion that synthesizes recommendations based on their research findings. These findings suggest pathways that promote refugee integration by targeting interventions. Which of the following additions to the end of the sentence best accomplishes this goal? a) and by encouraging refugees to accept jobs to fill unemployment gaps. b) and by focusing on the ethnic groups which are more likely to naturalize. c) and by optimizing the geographic placement of refugees. d) and by placing refugees in areas that are less urban and more rural. Question 11 Choose ONE of the following questions to answer in a written response of approximately 1 well informed paragraph. Make sure you answer the question thoroughly and provide specific details in your response. Which two questions on this quiz were the most challenging for you? What was it about each question that made it challenging? Explain any strategies you used to help you overcome the challenge to answer the questions you identified. Be specific, referencing the questions themselves, the answer choices, and your thought process. Which two questions and/or answer choices on this quiz included words or phrases that were unfamiliar to you? In attempting to answer those questions, how did you use context clues to try to determine meaning and choose an answer despite this challenge? Be specific, referencing the questions themselves, the context clues you used, and the answer choices. Choose one question you think you might have missed. Describe what was challenging about the question or answer choices. Which answer did you end up choosing? What led you to conclude it was the best answer? Describe your process in arriving at your answer, including any test-taking techniques you used. [Show More]

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