Buttaro: Primary Care, A Collaborative Practice, 6th Ed Test Bank

Buttaro: Primary Care, A Collaborative Practice, 6th Ed. Chapter 1: The Evolving Landscape of Collaborative Practice Test Bank Multiple Choice 1. Which assessments of care providers are performed as part of the Value ...

Buttaro: Primary Care, A Collaborative Practice, 6th Ed. Chapter 1: The Evolving Landscape of Collaborative Practice Test Bank Multiple Choice 1. Which assessments of care providers are performed as part of the Value Based Purchasing initiative? Select all that apply. a. Appraising costs per case of care for Medicare patients b. Assessing patients’ satisfaction with hospital care c. Evaluating available evidence to guide clinical care guidelines d. Monitoring mortality rates of all patients with pneumonia e. Requiring advanced IT standards and minimum cash reserves ANS: A, B, D Value Based Purchasing looks at five domain areas of processes of care, including efficiency of care (cost per case), experience of care (patient satisfaction measures), and outcomes of care (mortality rates for certain conditions. Evaluation of evidence to guide clinical care is part of evidence-based practice. The requirements for IT standards and financial status are part of Accountable Care Organization standards. REF: Value Based Purchasing 2. What was an important finding of the Advisory Board survey of 2014 about primary care preferences of patients? a. Associations with area hospitals b. Costs of ambulatory care c. Ease of access to care d. The ratio of providers to patients ANS: C As part of the 2014 survey, the Advisory Board learned that patients desired 24/7 access to care, walk-in settings and the ability to be seen within 30 minutes, and care that is close to home. Associations with hospitals, costs of care, and the ratio of providers to patients were not part of these results. REF: The New Look of Primary Care 3. A small, rural hospital is part of an Accountable Care Organization (ACO) and is designated as a Level 1 ACO. What is part of this designation? www.testbanktank.coma. Bonuses based on achievement of benchmarks b. Care coordination for chronic diseases c. Standards for minimum cash reserves d. Strict requirements for financial reporting ANS: A A Level 1 ACO has the least amount of financial risk and requirements, but receives shared savings bonuses based on achievement of benchmarks for quality measures and expenditures. Care coordination and minimum cash reserves standards are part of Level 2 ACO requirements. Level 3 ACOs have strict requirements for financial reporting. REF: Accountable Care Organizations www.testbanktank.comth Buttaro: Primary Care, A Collaborative Practice, 6 Ed. Chapter 2: Translating Research Into Clinical Practice Test Bank Multiple Choice 1. Which is the most appropriate research design for a Level III research study? a. Epidemiological studies b. Experimental design c. Qualitative studies d. Randomized clinical trials ANS: B The experimental design is the most appropriate design for a Level III study. Epidemiological studies are appropriate for Level II studies. Qualitative designs are useful for Level I studies. Randomized clinical trials are used for Level IV studies. REF: Level III Research/Experimental Design 2. What is the purpose of clinical research trials in the spectrum of translational research? a. Adoption of interventions and clinical practices into routine clinical care b. Determination of the basis of disease and various treatment options c. Examination of safety and effectiveness of various interventions d. Exploration of fundamental mechanisms of biology, disease, or behavior ANS: C Clinical research trials are concerned with determining the safety and effectiveness of interventions. Adoption of interventions and practices is part of clinical implementation. Determination of the basis of disease and treatment options is part of the pre-clinical research phase. Exploration of the fundamental mechanisms of biology, disease, or behavior is part of the basic research stage. REF: Translational Science Spectrum 3. What is the purpose of Level II research? a. To define characteristics of interest of groups of patients b. To demonstrate the effectiveness of an intervention or treatment c. To describe relationships among characteristics or variables d. To evaluate the nature of relationships between two variables www.testbanktank.comANS: C Level II research is concerned with describing the relationships among characteristics or variables. Level I research is conducted to define the characteristics of groups of patients. Level II research evaluates the nature of the relationships between variables. Level IV research is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of interventions or treatments. REF: Level II Research www.testbanktank.comth Buttaro: Primary Care, A Collaborative Practice, 6 Ed. Chapter 3: The Patient, the Provider, and Primary Care: An Integrated Perspective Test Bank Multiple Choice 1. A patient takes glucosamine chondroitin to help control osteoarthritis pain. Which medications, taken in conjunction with this medication, are of concern? a. Anticholinergic drugs b. Beta blocker medications c. Blood-thinning agents d. Narcotic analgesics ANS: C Glucosamine chondroitin can prolong bleeding if taken with other blood-thinning agents. It does not have anticholinergic effects, cardiac effects or analgesic effects. REF: Alternative Therapies for Common Chronic Conditions/Joint Pain 2. The provider learns that a patient is taking herbal supplements for a variety of reasons. What is an important point to discuss with this patient about taking such supplements? a. Because they are not FDA approved, they are not safe b. Dietary supplements are safer than most prescription medications c. Many supplements lack clear clinical evidence of efficacy d. Supplements should not be taken with prescription medications ANS: C Many dietary supplements lack clinical evidence to support their use. Even though they are not FDA approved, federal law mandates that the products are safe and cannot make misleading claims about use. Supplements are not necessarily safer than prescription drugs. Supplements may be taken with prescription medications as long as the effects, side effects, and drug interactions are known. REF: Alternative Therapies for Common Chronic Conditions 3. Which dietary supplements have shown some effectiveness in reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension? Select all that apply. a. Chromium picolinate b. Cinnamon www.testbanktank.comc. CoQ10 d. Garlic extract e. L-arginine ANS: C, D, E CoQ10, garlic extract, and L-arginine have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing blood pressure in some studies. Chromium picolinate and cinnamon have been studied for effects on glucose tolerance and fasting glucose. REF: Alternative Therapies for Common Chronic Conditions/Prehypertension and Hypertension www.testbanktank.comth Buttaro: Primary Care, A Collaborative Practice, 6 Ed. Chapter 16: Lifestyle Management Test Bank Multiple Choice 1. A 60-year-old patient who leads a sedentary lifestyle has expressed an interest in beginning an aerobic exercise program. What will the provider include when counseling this patient about this program? a. Begin with a 45 to 60 minute workout b. Include a 1 to 2 minute warm up before exercise c. Maintain a heart rate between 80 and 128 beats per minute d. Stretching should be performed prior to activity ANS: D The heart rate should be kept between 50% and 80% of the maximum heart rate (220 minus the patient’s age = 160), which is 80 to 128 beats per minute. Patients who are not conditioned should begin with a 20 minute workout; conditioned individuals may increase up to 60 minutes. The warm up should be 3 to 6 minutes and longer if it is cold. Stretching is performed after the activity when the muscles are warm. REF: Exercise 2. Routine screening blood tests at an annual physical exam reveal a fasting glucose level of 125 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1C of 6.2%. What will the provider do, based on these results? a. Evaluate the patient for impaired glucose tolerance b. Reassure the patient that these are normal values c. Suggest that the patient begin an exercise program d. Tell the patient that these results indicate diabetes ANS: A The fasting blood glucose level is normal, but the HgA1C indicates impaired glucose tolerance. If the HgA1C were greater than 6.4%, the patient would be diagnosed with diabetes. Until the results are evaluated, suggestions for treatment are not indicated. REF: Diabetes 3. The primary care provider is screening a patient using the CAGE criteria. What will the provider include in this assessment? Select all that apply.