Heart attack( Angina)

PAIN–Jaw, back, mid back/shoulder pain, heartburn (epigastric), Substernal Key words = priority: “Sudden” “Crushing” “radiating” NCLEX TIP SOB “dyspnea” “labored breathing” NAUSEA Vomiting “Abdominal pain” SWEATING “Dia ...

PAIN–Jaw, back, mid back/shoulder pain, heartburn (epigastric), Substernal Key words = priority: “Sudden” “Crushing” “radiating” NCLEX TIP SOB “dyspnea” “labored breathing” NAUSEA Vomiting “Abdominal pain” SWEATING “Diaphoresis” PALE COOL SKIN “dusky” ANXIETY CAUSES SODDA S–Stress, Smoking, Stimulants (caffeine, amphetamines) O–Obesity–(BMI over 25) D–Diabetes & HTN (over 140/90) D–Diet (high cholesterol) animal fats A–African American males & Age (over 50) *Men more than women PROGRESSION PATHO MI=Heart muscles DIE “necrosis” (minutes = muscle death) Blockage of Coronary Artery “O2 Tube” DIAGNOSTICS 1st–EKG (Any chest pain or MI symptoms) DURING–Any Chest Pain O–Oxygen A–Asa N–Nitro–under tongue x 3 Max M–Morphine - Any pain after = MI (injury) AFTER–MI Clot Stabilization: Heparin: prevents CLOT growth (NOT dissolve only t-PA) PTT: 46 - 70 “3 x MAX” Antidote: Protamine Sulfate Memory Trick: “HaPTT” frog Heart Rest: B–Beta Blockers (-lol) Atenolol Blocks both BP & HR (Lol = Low BP & HR) CAUTION: B–Bad for Heart Failure patients (CHF) B–Bradycardia (60 or Less) & BP low (HR LESS than 60) B–Breathing Problems “wheezing” (Asthma, COPD) B–Blood sugar masking “hides s/s” (Diabetics) C–Calcium Channel Blockers Calms BP & HR-(AVOID Low Hr & BP) (Nifedipine, Diltiazem, Verapamil) CAM C–CAD “coronary artery disease” A–ACS “acute coronary syndrome” “Ischemic heart disease” -dipine “declined BP & HR” -zem “zen yoga for heart” -amil “chill heart” D–Dilators (vasOdilators = O2 to heart) Angina - Stable “Safer”- relieved w/rest Angina - Unstable “Unsafe” - Unrelieved M–MI (heart die) PATIENT EDUC