Foundations for Nursing Practice. Urinary Elimination Study Notes

AREAS COVERED. Foundations for Nursing Practice: Urinary Elimination Study Notes. Micturition: Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Act of Urination Factors Influencing Urination Common Urinary Eli ...

AREAS COVERED. Foundations for Nursing Practice: Urinary Elimination Study Notes. Micturition: Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Act of Urination Factors Influencing Urination Common Urinary Elimination Problems Urinary Retention -Symptomatic infection -Lower UTI (bladder) symptoms: -Catheter-associated UTI’s (CAUTI’s): Urinary Incontinence **Infection Control and Hygiene** **Implications for Practice with Older adults (Box-46-2)** Psychosocial Implications ***Nursing Process*** Pattern of urination Bladder External Genitalia and Urethral Meatus Assessment of Urine Intake and Output Characteristics of Urine Clarity Odor Laboratory Diagnostic Testing Routine Urinalysis** • Casts (cylindrical bodies not normally present, the shapes of which take on the likeliness of objects within the renal tubule): • Crystals (not normally present): Diagnostic Examinations (Review Box 46-5) -----Diagnosis----- Thorough assessment of urinary elimination function reveals patterns of data that allow a nurse to make relevant and accurate nursing diagnosis Setting Priorities -----Implementation----- ***Patient Education for a Healthy Bladder (Box 46-7)*** 1. Maintain adequate hydration. 2. Keep good voiding habits: Promoting Normal Micturition Maintaining Elimination Habits Maintaining Adequate Fluid Intake Promote Complete Bladder Emptying Preventing Infection Acute Care Catheterization Types of Catheters Catheter sizes: Catheter Drainage Systems -To keep the drainage system patent: Catheter Irrigations and Instillations Preventing Catheter-Associated Infection Preventing Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (Box 46-10)*** Removal of Indwelling Catheter Alternative to Catheterization Suprapubic Catheterization External Catheter Urinary Diversions Medications Continuing and Restorative Care **Behavioral Therapy: Lifestyle Changes Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Baldder Retraining Toileting Schedules -Timed voiding or scheduled toileting -Habit training -Prompted voiding iwith mild or moderately cognitive impairment Intermittent Catheterization Skin Care -Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) -----Evaluation-----