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Pharmacology & Dosage Calculation Exams New Update

2. A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client. Which of the following is the most important action for the nurse to take to ensure the correct client receives the medication?  ... A. Ask the client's name and date of birth.  B. Check the name on the client's door.  C. Verify the client's identification band against the MAR.  D. Call the client by name before entering the room. Answer: C Rationale: Using at least two client identifiers (e.g., name and date of birth or medical record number) on the client's identification band and comparing them directly to the medication administration record (MAR) is the standard of care for positive client identification. Asking the client (A) is a component but must be done in conjunction with verifying the ID band. 3. A nurse is educating a newly licensed nurse about the rights of medication administration. Which of the following should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)  A. Right dose  B. Right route  C. Right documentation  D. Right client  E. Right assessment Answers: A, B, D Rationale: The traditional rights of medication administration include the right client, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time. While documentation and assessment are critical parts of the medication process, they are not considered part of the core "rights" for administration. Newer models include more rights, but these are the foundational ones. 4. A nurse discovers she has made a medication error. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?  A. Notify the provider.  B. Complete an incident report.  C. Assess the client for adverse effects.  D. Report the error to the nurse manager. Answer: C Rationale: The priority following a medication error is to assess the client's condition and ensure their safety. After assessment and any necessary interventions, the nurse should notify the provider (A) and then report to the nurse manager and complete an incident report (B, D) . 5. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteric-coated tablet to a client. The client requests that the tablet be crushed to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?  A. "I will crush the tablet and mix it with pudding."  B. "I need to check with your provider to see if this medication is available in a liquid form."  C. "Crushing this tablet will cause the medication to be absorbed too slowly."  D. "It is unsafe to crush this tablet because it is designed to dissolve in your intestines." Answer: D Rationale: Enteric-coated tablets are specifically formulated to resist dissolution in the acidic environment of the stomach and dissolve in the alkaline environment of the small intestine. This protects the stomach lining or ensures the drug is released at the proper site. Crushing the tablet destroys this protective mechanism and can lead to drug destruction, gastric irritation, or ineffective therapy . 6. A nurse is administering an oral medication to a client via a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?  A. Administer the medication and then immediately connect the tube to suction.  B. Mix all crushed medications together in one syringe to save time.  C. Flush the tube with water before and after administering the medication.  D. Instill the medication rapidly to prevent tube clogging. Answer: C *Rationale: Flushing an NG tube with 15-30 mL of water before medication administration confirms tube placement and patency. Flushing after administration ensures the full dose is delivered and clears the tube to prevent clogging. The tube should be clamped, not connected to suction (A), after giving meds to allow for absorption. Medications should generally be given separately (B) to avoid incompatibilities, and they should be given slowly via gravity (D) .* 7. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to a client. At which angle should the nurse insert the needle for an IM injection?  A. 15-degree angle  B. 45-degree angle  C. 75-degree angle  D. 90-degree angle Answer: D *Rationale: An intramuscular injection is administered at a 90-degree angle to ensure the medication is deposited into the muscle tissue, which lies below the subcutaneous tissue. A 15-degree angle is for intradermal, and a 45-degree angle is typically for subcutaneous injections .* 8. A nurse is reviewing a client's medication prescriptions. Which of the following prescriptions is complete and requires no further clarification?  A. Digoxin 0.125 mg PO daily.  B. Furosemide 40 mg IV now.  C. Acetaminophen 650 mg PRN.  D. Humulin R insulin 10 units subcutaneously. Answer: A Rationale: A complete medication order includes the client's name, date and time, medication name, dose, route, and frequency. Option A includes all these elements (drug, dose, route, frequency). Option B is missing the frequency/duration of the infusion. Option C is missing the route and frequency. Option D is missing the frequency. 9. A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? [Show More]

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