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551 midterm

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A patient is experiencing impaired circulation secondary to increased systemic arterial pressure. Which of the following statements is the most relevant phenomenon? Question 1 options: Impaired contractility due to aortic resistance Systolic impairment because of arterial stenosis Question 2 (2 points) Saved A nurse practitioner employed in a hospitalist notices that a patient is experiencing muscle atrophy following 2 weeks in traction after a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following factors has most likely contributed to the atrophy of the patient's muscle cells? Question 2 options: High levels of insulin and IGF-1 in the patient's blood during immobilization Denervation of the affected muscles during the time of traction Reduced oxygen consumption and cellular function that ensures muscle cell survival Question 3 (2 points) Saved An older adult female patient has presented with a new onset of shortness of breath, and the patient's nurse practitioner has ordered measurement of her BNP levels along with other diagnostic tests. What is the most accurate rationale for the nurse practitioner's choice of blood work? Question 3 options: BNP is released as a compensatory mechanism during heart failure and measuring it can help differentiate the patient's dyspnea from a respiratory pathology. BNP is an indirect indicator of the effectiveness of the RAA system in compensating for heart failure. BNP levels correlate with the patient's risk of developing cognitive deficits secondary to heart failure and consequent brain hypoxia. BNP becomes elevated in cases of cardiac asthma, Cheyne-Stokes respirations, and acute pulmonary edema, and measurement can gauge the severity of pulmonary effects. Question 4 (2 points) Saved A nurse practitioner is performing patient teaching about the influenza virus with each patient who has come to the clinic to receive that year's vaccine. Which of the following statements by patients best reflects an accurate understanding of the flu virus? Question 4 options: “I could come down with viral or bacterial pneumonia as a result of a bad flu bug.” “I know my vaccination is especially important since there aren't any drugs that can treat the flu once I get sick with it.” “The emphasis on bundling up, staying warm, and drinking lots of fluids is outdated and actually ineffective.” “Like all vaccines, it is ideal if everyone in a population gets immunized against the flu.” Question 5 (2 points) Saved A 71-year-old woman is dependent on oxygen therapy and bronchodilators due to her diagnosis of emphysema. Which of the following processes would her care team be most justified in ruling out? Question 5 options: Decreased elastic recoil due to alveolar damage Decreased residual lung volume due to impaired alveolar ventilation Increased anatomic dead space due to reduced tidal volume Increased alveolar dead space due to incorrect intrapleural pressure Question 6 (2 points) Saved A 66-year-old patient's echocardiogram reveals a hypertrophied left ventricle, normal chamber volume, and a normal ejection fraction from the heart. What is this patient's most likely diagnosis? Question 6 options: Mitral valve regurgitation Aortic valve stenosis Mitral valve stenosis Aortic valve regurgitation Question 7 (2 points) Saved

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