NERC book quiz Questions and Answers (100% Correct Elaborations)

Document Content and Description Below

You are an external BA with a frequency bais of 20 MW/.1 Hz that sees a frequency of 60.02 due to a large loss of load in the contingent BA. If your generator governor control systems responded to the... frequency deviation approximately how much of a generation change would you BA experience? -4MW Net actual interchange minus Net scheduled interchange is what? Inadvertent interchange Suppose your interconnection operators at 59.97 Hz from one minute after midnight to noon and operate at 60.05 Hz from 12:01 to midnight. What should you do if a time error correction was implemented just after midnight to correct for the timer error accumulated during this 24 hour period? Change frequency schedule to 59.98 Hz If BA ABC's RT signal for power flow over ABC's midway tie-line with BA XYZ is significantly in error, the ABC system operator shall Adjust the control setting (e.g. substitute a value for the tie line power flow in the EMS) to compensate for the equipment error until repairs can be made The normal and recommended mode of AGC is what? Tie line frequency bias A 100 MW generator at 50 MW output has a 5% governor droop response will respond to how much of a -.15Hz frequency deviation (actual frequency 59.85 Hz) +5 MW Which of the following complies with the control performance standard CPS1=135% A system disturbance has caused your BA to lose tie line RTUs with a neighboring BA and all frequency meters which telemetered data into your EMS. How would you operate your GC system for this scenario? Place all generating units on manual control and try as best you can to match generation with load Each BA shall perform control error checks using tie-line MWh meters to determine the accuracy of its control equipment. How often do NERC reliability stands require each BA to perform these control error checks? Every hour Upon telemetry failure of a generators output, which of the following would you expect to change Actual load (as displayed in the Control Room) There is an inadvertent accumulation of 240 MWh over generation that should be used to schedule payback with neighboring control area. If 50% is on peak, which schedule will work? 20 MW delivered hour ending 0100 through HE 1300 Monday (CST) Each BA shall operate such that its clock minute average of reporting ACE does not exceed its clock minute BA ACE limit (BAAL) for more than how many consecutive minutes? 30 minutes Each frequency response sharing group or BA that is not a member of a Frequency Response Sharing group shall achieve an annual FRM That is equal to or more negative than its FRO to demonstrate compliance with requirement R1 Each BA that is a member of multiple BA interconnection and is not receiving overlap regulation service and is utilizing a variable frequency bias setting shall maintain a frequency bias setting that is : Less than zero at all times & equal to or more negative than its Frequency Response obligation with Frequency varies from 60 Hz by more than +/- .036 Hz Voltage reduction for load reduction should be performed where On the Distribution system You are a system operator in BA ABC and you notice that the voltage is steadily declining in a known "weak" area of your system. You have exhausted all of your reactive resources in the weak area and you have noticed that the MVAR flows across the three transmission lines connecting this area to the system are very high. Per NERC reliability standards, what shall you do? Manually shed enough load to prevent voltage collapse in this area Which of the following is not a reactive resource, Ractor bank, Transformer, Capacitor bank, Synchronous condenser Transformer If the voltage at substation A is 235 kV and the voltage at substation b is 230 kV, then it can be concluded that the reactive power MVARs flows how From substation A to substation B Which of the following are dynamic reactive resources Synchronous Condenser Capacitor Banks Reactor Bank Generator Synchronous Condenser, Generator The Roxboro-milburnie Blak 230kV line has 80 MW and 60 MVAR flowing into the Milburnie Substation, what is the power factor 80% If a generator is underexcited, then it is Absorbing VARs A lightly loaded 500 Kv transmission line has a capacitive effect which tends to Cause high voltage problems that are corrected by placing reactor banks in service To increase VAR output from a generator, you increase its what? Excitation The purpose of a generator reactive capability curve is to show what? Thermal limits for excitation When a long open ended transmission line is energized and the leading chagrin current flowing through the lines inductance crests a high voltage on the open end, this is known as what? Ferranti voltage rise effect To maximize system stability, you would do which of the following? Operate the system at maximum allowable voltage levels The loading at which the line is VAR neutral, either generation or consuming VARs is called Surge impedance loading A shunt capacitor bank with nominal value of 60 MVARS is on a bus with a voltage of .9 p.u. The actual VARS delivered by the capacitor bank would be: 48 MVAR As a transmission operator, yo0u shall specify a voltage or reactive power schedule at the interconnection between the generator facility and the transmission owners facilities to be maintained by each generator. You do so by: Providing the voltage or reactive power scheduled to the associated generator operator and directing the generator operator to comply with the schedule in automatic voltage control mod (AVR in service) The transmission owner shall price which of the follow to the GO (Required tap changes, a time frame for tap changes, technical justification for tap changes) All the above The generator operator shall operate each generator connected to the interconnected transmission system as follows unless the generator operator has notified the transmission operator In the automatic voltage control mode If a radial line is loaded at 100 MVA and is delivering 60 MVAR to a load how many MW is it delivering to the load 80 MW Generators operating to supply VARs to support voltage are overexcited. This type of operation is also called Lagging Generation which are underexcited are said to be absorbing VARs to lower system voltage this type of operation is also called Leading The terms leading and lagging refer to the relation of the generators what with respect to voltage Current Which of the following standards best measures a BA's ability to carry adequate operating reserves DCS If a reserve sharing group's largest single severe contingency is a nuclear plant rated at 1200 MW and this nuclear plant is uprated to 1300 MW through modifications, this reserve sharing groups spinning reserved portion of fit contingency reserve must increase from 600 MW to 650 MW The disturbance control standard requires the BA to reruthen ace to zero withing what time period? 15 minutes The DCS compliance is what percentage of reportable disturbances 100% The BA shall carry enough contingency reserved to handle The most severe single contingency Which of the following does not count a s contingency reserves ( interruptible load, Fast start generation, Load shedding, static VAR generators) Static VAR Generators Reportable disturbances are contingencies that are a greater than or equal to what percentage of the most severe single single contingency? 80% A BA or Reserve sharing group shall fully restore its contingency reserves within the contingency reserve restoration period for its interconnection. The contingency reserved restoration period begins At the end of the disturbance recovery period The default contingency reserved restoration period is 90 minutes If at 12:30 July 1, AB ABC discovers that a single contingency will result in severe overloading of a tie line, NERC standards require this BA to perform action to eliminate this IROL violation by what time? 13:00 As a system operator, your prime consideration when an operating emergency occurs shall be to Maintain parallel operation throughout the interconnection Electric system security Data received over the interregional security network (ISN) shall be used only for what purpose Operational security analysis RC's shall perform RT assessments how often Every 30 minutes The RC shall act In the interest of reliability for the overall RC area and the interconnection before the interests of any other entity If a potential or actual IROL violation cannot be avoided through proactive intervention the RC shall Act or direct others to act to mitigate the magnitude and duration within Tv Each RC shall ensure its transmission operators and BA's are aware of GEOmagnetic disturbance (GMD) forecast information and assist as needed in the development of any required response plans. This statement is valid IS a valid requirement If a transmission operator enters an unknown operating state ( i.e. any stat for which valid operating limits have not been determined) It will be considered to be an emergency and shall restore operating to respect proven reliable power system limits within 30 minutes Each transmission operator shall make every effort to remain connected to the interconnection. If the transmission operator determines that by remaining interconnected it is in imminent danger of violating an IROL or SOL, the transmission Operator: May take such actions as it deems necessary to protect is area What term is used for an indication of the remaining additional transfer capability on the transmission network for further commercial activity over and above already committed uses between two BAs Available transfer capability What actions does the RC take at the TLR level 2 for relieving transmission line loading Hold transaction that affect a constrained flowgate at a given level Tomorrow is the first hot day of the year. What historical data would be best to use for predicting tomorrow's load? A day from last year with similar temperature An interchange transaction is accent a given constrained flowgate in BA c where the transaction has a transmission service priority level of non firm weekly. This transaction can be curtailed with what TLR to alleviate the congestion in BA c? TLR 3b Its 7:00 AM and you are planning system operation for the day. It's going to be a hot summer day and you have some generation equipment to be taken out for maintenance that day. Your plan shows that you may get into a capacity emergency during the system peak loading for the day if the weather forecast holds true. What should you do?Its 7:00 AM and you are planning system operation for the day. It's going to be a hot summer day and you have some generation equipment to be taken out for maintenance that day. Your plan shows that you may get into a capacity emergency during the system peak loading for the day if the weather forecast holds true. What should you do? Postpone equipment maintenance Generator A generating 500 MW has a distribution factor of .4 for line AB and .2 for line CD. Line AB is initially loaded at 300 MW and line CD is loaded at 100 MW if the loading on the generator is reducted by 100 MW what is the resultant loading of the lines Line a \b 260 MW and line CD =80 MW Generator A is getting 500 MW and has a distribution factor of -/3 for line A-B and .6 for line C-D. the initial loading on line AB is 20 MW and the intial loading on line CD is 150 MW if the output of generator A is increased by 100 MW what are the resultant line flows Line AB 170 MW Line CD 210 MW Generators A,B and C are serving load in a BA. Generator A generating 500 MW has a participation factor of .4, Gen B generating 700 MW has a pariciation factor of .8 and Gen C Generation 600 MW has a participation factor of -.2, If load is increased by 100 MW what is the result Gen A = 540 MW, Gen b = 780 MW, Gen C = 580 MW Same thing as above but load is decreased by 100 Generator A 460 MW, Gen B 620 MW, Gen c 620 MW ABC BA has exhausted its native generation capacity and its firm purchases are limited due to tie line transfer capability to the extent that ABC is not going to be able to meet its native load plus regulating requirements. In this situation ABC will request that its RC issue a(n)? Energy Emergency Alert Energy and capacity emergency plans should include or consider which of the following Fuel Supply and inventory environmental, optimizing fuel supply If an overload condition on a transmission facility persists such that equipment is endangered the affected system or pool may opt to disconnect the affected facility. Prior to switching, if practicable NERC reliability standards require you to Notify neighboring systems impacted by the disconnection Per NERC reliability standards, a BA anticipating an operating capacity emergency shall bring on all available generation, postpone equipment maintenance, schedule interchange purchase well in advance and... Prepare to reduce load BA ABC is experiencing an operating capacity emergency and is relying on assistance provided by the interconnection frequency bias. Per NERC reliability standards ABC shall Balance its interchange schedules and generation to its load without regard to financial cost In a capacity emergency who has the authority to shed load? Reliability coordinator Per NERC reliability standards, for which of the following situations shall system XYZ not inform other systems in their region or sub region XYZ system operation staff is below self imposed minimum requirements If a BA performed a 5% voltage reduction as part of their emergency procedures for capacity emergencies, but has not shed firm load then the BA is in what level of emergency Level 2 Which of the following is not a NERC disturbance reporting requirement for a 1000 MW system? (implementation of 100 MW or more of firm load shedding to maintain system continuity, Voltage excursion, Under frequency load shedding, an IROL violation) Voltage excursion of 5% The purpose of a backup control center is what? So the BA will not be a burden to the interconnection You are a system operator in BA ABC and you notice the voltage is steadily declining in a known "weak area" of your system. You have exhausted all of the reactive resources in this weak area and you have noticed that the MVAR flows across the three transmission lines connecting this area to they system are very high. Per NERC reliability standards what do you do? Manually shed enough load to prevent voltage collapse in this area Emergency alerts are used for what purpose? Communicate with other RC's as to state of the power system How is voltage reduction implemented to obtain load relief Changing voltage regulator taps In an isolated system, manual load shedding is activated when there are no reserves and Frequency is declining BA "a" has determined that it is endangered by remaining interconnected. Frequency is declining fast. BA "a" is receiving 200 MW from the interconnection through its one remaining tie line. The interconnection load is 100,000 MW. BA A's load is 1000 MW. BA A should: Bring on 200 MW of generation before separating A single control areas disturbance is the sole coase for a frequency dip. The frequency has stabilized at 59.85 Hz. Manual load shedding is the only option to restore freenacu to 60 Hz. the entire interconnection load was 10,000 MW at the time of disturbance and all connected generators have a 5% droop characteristic. Approximately how much load needs to be shed to restore frequency to 60 Hz 500MW Imminent separation from the interconnection may be prevented by: Load shedding Genreatino is not sufficient to meet load, the control area is importing heavily and voltage is decaying. Which of the following action should be taken by system operator Shed load There has been an area wide disturbance. The transfers through the system have increased and there is a possibility that loss of one major tie line would cause compounding loading and voltage deviations. Having system resources available, the RC should Increase generation to reduce flows across the tie After a disturbance you have 40% of your load intact, you ACE is near zero and your frequency is increased for 59.5 Hz you should do what Take no immediate action How often should restoration service for crival telecommunication channels be available 24 hours per day During a system restoration, load block additions should be limited to what % of online generation 5% A generator's capability for system restoration purpose is determined by what? Periodic blackstart testing There is a severe disturbance on the interconnection and a few moments later you notice your frequency is oscillating and is hard to control to 60 Hz. what has most likely happened You are now operating an islanded system Black start capability refers to A generators capability to start and generate MW for cold shutdown conditions without reliance on the interconnection for auxiliary power If a system disturbance causes a generator to be out of step, that means that this generators rotor is at a _______ with respect to the resort of the system Asynchronous speed System restoration plans shall be coordinated with Neighboring system What are the three important system parameters that must be within acceptable limits before synchronizing an isolated area to the interconnection? phase angle between the isolated area and the interconnection, frequency, volatage During a system restoration cold load pickup can involve inrush current that are how large? Up to 10 time normal load currents Which of the following should not be considered when trying to maintain normal transmission voltage during a system restoration (removal of certain reactive resources or addition of small blacks of load to prevent excessive voltage when energizing long transmission lines, Effects of energizing high voltage cables at the end of a long lightly loaded system. Bypassing undervoltage relay contracts at all transmission substations to prevent nuisance tripping, The capability of generators to provide or absorb reactive power flows) -Bypassing undervoltage relay contracts at all transmission substations to prevent nuisance tripping One of the benefits of periodic black start testing is what? System operators get the training they need to learn how to blackstart teh generator under realistic conditions A system in the process of restoration has 1000MW of synchronized generation and 700 MW of connected load. What amount of load should be shed to raise frequency by .5 Hz 50 MW Which of the following is not considered to be electric system security data? (Transmission line status, Generator status, Status of automatic voltage control facilities, Available transfer capabilities (ATC) Available Transfer Capabilities (ATCs) Thermal limits for transmission line power transfers are based on what? The fatigue limit and sag of the line as affected by I^2R heating in conduction with the ambient temperature System operators should keep transmission lines in service as much as possible. Which of the following is one reason for this recommendation? This usually lowers transmission system impedance which tends to lower MW and MVAR losses and improves system stability A proper operating protective relay scheme should normally operate for Faulted system facilities What type of relay uses a combination of Current transformer (CT measurements and Potential Transformer Measurements (PT) and operates when the ratio of the PT and Measurements to CT measurements is below a certain limit for given period of time Distance relay (device 21) Which of the follow is an example of electric system security data that is not requested to be updated at least every 10 minutes? (Peak load forecast for current and next day, Instantaneous ACE, MW reserve available within 10 minutes, interchange schedules for the next 24 hours) Peak load forecast for current and next day What is the purpose of using high speed relays and high speed circuit breaker ? To enhance stability margins _______ is a full time data network used for the purpose of sharing operational security information Interregional security network BA XYZ's system operator received a call from a transmission substation maintenance supervisor to inform the operator that there was a 87T target showing on a 230/115 kV transformer bank protection panel. This target indicates the transformer locked out from what time of initial relay operation Differential Relaying Automatic load shedding setting should not be based on what? Hourly load changes You BA has implemented under frequency generator protection with at trip set point equal to 58.3 Hz at all of its major generation units. What should be the setpoint for the last level of under frequency load shedding to be coordinated with the generator protection while trying to preserve system stability 58.5 Hz Protective relaying which compares the incoming and outgoing currents from a protected zone and operates for significant deviation between the incoming and outgoing currents is known as what type of relaying Differential relaying Which of the following has no influence on transmission line ratings? (seasonal temps characteristics, Thermal limits, Power line signal transport capability (plastic), Voltage Rating) Power line signal transport capability BA ABC is planning a new automatic load shedding scheme to be implemented before their peak demand season arrives in the summer. Which one of the following parameters should be excluded from consideration for measuring and initiation of the load shedding steps? (Rate of frequency decay, Line impedance, power flow levels, Voltage levels) Line impedance Protection systems on major transmission lines shall be coordinated with whom? The interconnected systems An alarm comes in on your SCADA. You notice a bus breaker is showing closed even though the bus is showing to be de-energized. You notice that a remote line breaker associated with this bus is shown to be open. What is the cause of this SCADA indication? Breaker failure with a back up relay operation After load forecast is completed, the generating units should be assigned by unit commitment to meet forecasted load and what else? Reserve obligation When possible, a transmission operator should try to use which of the following to energize high voltage transmission lines? (The strongest source, The largest breaker, the weakest source, a generating station) The strongest source What is the most suitable equipment for reactive reserve response to a contingency Synchronous condensers During extreme low load conditions, what are the primary system conditions the system operator works to alleviate High voltage and over generation Its going to be a hot summer day and you have planned to have some generation out for maintenance. Your plan shows that you may have an energy emergency during the system peak loading for the day. What should you do? Postpone generator maintenance The transmission operator has the responsibility to develop a system restoration plan. Once the pan has been \developed,it should be? Tested periodically or simulated Each RC shall perform a RT assessment of IROLs how often Every 30 mins Each GOP and TOP shall provide its outage info dailey by what time? 12:00 CST Following a system disturbance that resulted in an area blackout, the TOP must ensure that when transmission lines are re-energized Protective relay polarization is maintained Requests for information about interchange transactions may not be given to which of the following? ( Interested Purchasing-Selling entities, RC in the area, BA that are part of the contract path, the Source and sink BA \) Interested Purchasing- selling entities In order to assist the system operator in maintaining system voltages within the established limits, each BA shall have the following equipment available to operate Capacitance and reactive devices What measures power flow data between BAs Tie line metering When referring to transmission lines of an interconnected network, neighboring systems should use? Uniform line identifies and ratings In order to predict the systems near term load pattern, a system operator must have information including weather forecasts and? Past load patterns Who is responsible for developing procedures to provide transmission reliability? The BA or TOP Which of the following activities would not be included in the procedures for transmission reliability? (Equipment ratings, Ancillary service pricing, Switching Transmission elements, Planned outages of transmission elements) Ancillary service pricing All telecommunication channels shall be Periodically tested or monitored on-line After a disturbance, you have 40% of you load intact, but your frequency keeps declining You should do what Shed load if a 400 MVA line is carrying 300 MW and 200 MVAR is it operating above its rating No The RC shall share the results of its next day analysis with transmission operators and BAs whenever when? Whenever action is needed to prevent an IROL violation In the instance where an RC sees large ACE errors contributed to frequency error, the RC shall do which of the following? Direct its BA to comply with DCS or CPS Who is responsible for obtaining transmission services for an interchange transaction? PSE Who is responsible for confirming the interchange schedule with the sending BA The receiving BA How often shall each PSE with title to an interchange transaction have or arrange to have personnel available for notification of interchange transaction changes Immediately WHo is responsible for transition arranged interchange to confirmed interchange? The Sink BA WHo is responsible for arranging interchange transactions (i.e. they buy or sell energy and capacity and record the transaction by forwarding the required data to the appropriate BA Load serving Purchasing selling entities PSE A arranges an interchange transaction between BA ABC (source) and XYZ (sink) in order to be in compliance with NERC ABC cannot disclose any information pertaining to this interchange transaction to who B (another PSE not involved) On what three considerations must a BA base approval or denial of an interchange transactions? Ramp ability, Energy profile, scheduling path An interchange transaction has the following energy profile: Start at 08:00, Stop at 18:00, 60 MW, Ramp tart 07:55, Ramp duration 10 minutes How many MWH should be shown in the MWH field of the profile? 600 MWH Which of the following interchange transactions does not have to be tagged beofre the transaction starts (Dynamic schedules, Non-firm transactions, Bilateral Paybacks, Transactions for emergency reserves) Transactions for emergency reserves Which of the following is the default ramp duration for an eastern interchange transaction 10 minutes How soon can you re-use a tag number After one year When a RC curtails an interchange transaction for TLR purposes, he must notify whom? The source and sink BA A 200 MW transaction starts at the top of the hour and is terminated at 30 minutes past the hour. If a ten minute ramp is used what is the interchange MWh for this 100 MW BA's can share interchange transaction info with whom? All BA's and PSE's involved in the transaction Who is responsible for coordinated the implementation of arranged interchange The interchange coordinator All electorice schedule communications shall be in CST You have a transaction request of 100 MW on a scheduled path that has an ATC equal to 95 MW. What should you do? Deny the request BES stands for? Bulk Electric System The interconnected transmission system is planned to operate with no loss of load: For the loss of one element Which of the following is not a controllable demand side management program ( Conservation, Time use of rates, Interruptible load, Fast start gas turbines) Fast start gas turbines A BES CYBER system can be viewed simply as a grouping of Critical cyber assets True The medium impact rating category includes Assets that perform UFLS Each TO shall perform an initial risk assessment and subsequent risk assessments of its transmission station and transmission substations that meet the criteria specified in applicable section of CIP Transmission facilities operated at 100 kv Each RC, TOP and BA shall test its alternative interpersonal communication capability at least once Each calendar month If the test is unsuccessful the responsible entity shall initiate action to repair or designate a replacement alternative interpersonal communication capability within 2 hours Each RC, TOPand BA shall notify entities with wi\hcih it communicates within how long of the detection of a failure of its interpersonal communication capability that lasts 30 minutes or longer 60 minutes [Show More]

Last updated: 1 year ago

Preview 1 out of 29 pages