Med Surg practice test B (With Questions And Latest Answers) |Latest Update

Med Surg practice test B 1. A Nurse is contributing to the plan care of a care to promote a restful night’s sleep for a client who has Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include i ...

Med Surg practice test B 1. A Nurse is contributing to the plan care of a care to promote a restful night’s sleep for a client who has Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? Encourage stimulating activities after dinner Encourage a late afternoon nap Offer a small snack at bedtime Offer hot chocolate at bedtime 2. A nurse if reinforcing teaching with a client who has chronic kidney disease about disease management. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? I will add a banana to my morning cereal I will decrease my intake of carbohydrates I will limit my daily intake of protein I will season my food with a salt substitute 3. A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned to the unit following a bronchoscopy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? Absent gag reflex Blood tinged mucus Diminished breath sounds Oxygen saturation 95% 4. A nurse is caring for a client who begins to have a seizure while ambulating in the hall. Identify the sequence of actions the nurse should follow. (Move the steps the nurse should take into the box on the right placing them in order of performance. Use all the steps. Lower the client to the floor Place a pad beneath the client’s head Loose the clothing around the client’s neck Time the length of the client’s seizure Reorient and reassure the client 5. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of genital herpers. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? Use condoms when lesions are present Look for lesions that have a wart-like appearance The virus can be transmitted without lesions present The lesion resolves in 2 weeks and usually do not recur 6. A nurse is planning care for a group of clients after receiving change-of-shift report. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to see first? A client who had a colectomy 2 days ago and has a nasogastric tube Jackson-Pratt drain and indwelling urinary catheter. A client who is dehydrated has mental confusion and was found getting out of bed several times during the night. A client who had a right lower lobe lobectomy 4 days ago and has a chest tube set to continuous suction. A client who has pneumonia and an oral temperature of 38.7°C (101.7°F) 7. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a continuous tube feeding of 60 mL/hr at 1.2 cal/mL. How many calories will the client receive in 12 hrs? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number) Step 1: What is the unit of measurement the nurse should calculate? Calories Step 2: What is the volume the nurse should infuse? 60 mL/hr x 12 hr = 720 mL Step 3: What is the total infusion time? 12 hrs Step 4: Should the nurse convert the units of measurement? No Step 5: Set up an equation and solve for x. 720 mL x 1.2 cal/mL = calories x = 864 cal 8. A nurse is caring for a client who is in Buck's traction for a fractured hip. The client reports increased pain at the site of the fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Massage the area Remove the weights Loosen the ropes Reposition the client 9. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking levothyroxine. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? I will need to take the medication until my thyroid function returns to normal The medication should be taken before I eat breakfast every morning The medication might lower my blood sugar I will take the medication with an antacid if it gives me heartburn 10. A nurse is delegating the task of repositioning a client who is in skeletal traction to an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the AP? Allow the weights to hang freely Release the tension of the ropes Remove the weights when rewrapping bandages Manually lift the weights when moving the client up in bed 11. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about pursed-lip breathing with a client who has a new diagnosis of COPD. The nurse should identify which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? I should perform pursed-lip breathing exercises before going to be When I’m fatigued, I should inhale slowly through pursed-lips Pursed-lip breathing works best for activities like walking up stairs I will exhale through my nose after breathing in through pursed-lips 12. A nurse is admitting a client who is suspected of having active tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Administer anti-tuberculosis medication Institute airborne precautions Obtain sputum cultures Auscultate breath sounds 13. A nurse is preparing a client for a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Verify the client has given informed consent Administer preoperative medication Make the location of the pedal pulses Have the client void 14. A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who had a recent left hemispheric stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? Observe for impulsive behavior Approach the client from the right side Use simple verbal cues when directing tasks Place the client in low-fowler’s position during meals 15. A nurse is assisting with an educational program for clients who have been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the program regarding insulin? Store unopened insulin vials in the freezer for up to 1 month Opened insulin can be stored on a cool countertop away from light Roll discolored insulin gently to mix before use Use refrigerated insulin immediately after removing it from the refrigerator 16. A nurse is caring for a client who reports shortness of breath and has an oxygen saturation of 90%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Prepare for intubation of the client Administer opioid medication Administer oxygen via nasal cannula Place the client in low-fowler’s position 17. A nurse is preparing to insert a double-lumen gastric (Salem) sump tube for a client who has peptic ulcer disease and has developed gastrointestinal bleeding. Which of the following images indicates the tube that the nurse should select? 18. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has pericarditis. In which of the following positions should the nurse plan to place the client to decrease pain? Semi Fowler’s Supine with lower extremities elevated Upright leaning forward Side-lying with knees bent 19. A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client who is taking digoxin. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as increasing the risk for the client to develop digoxin toxicity? Potassium Chloride Famotidine Levothyroxine Furosemide 20. A nurse is reinforcing a teaching to a client about preventing osteoporosis. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? I will eat more bananas I will walk for 20 minutes 3 days a week I will limit my coffee intake I will take a calcium supplement at bed time 21. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has Crohn’s disease. Which of he following sttements should the nurse include in the teaching? Increase your intake of dietary fat Maintain a low residue diet Avoid taking antidiarrheal medication Plan to weight yourself weekly 22. A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who has several concerns. Which of the following concerns should the nurse recognize as a normal change associated with aging? I sweat more than I used to Sometimes I can’t remember my kids names I seem to have more loose stools than I used to My food tastes bland even after I add seasoning 23. A nurse is caring for a client who is suspected of having a myocardial infarction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prepare the client for an ECG? Position the client in Sims’ position before electrode placement Ensure that each electrode is dry before application Cleanse the client’s skin prior to electrode placement Place the electrodes on the client’s abdomen and back 24. A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has osteoarthritis. Which of the following analgesic prescriptions should the nurse expect to administer when the client reports pain? Methotrexate Acetaminophen Gabapentin Etanercept 25. A nurse is caring for a client who has dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the client’s confusion? Restrict visitors to three at a time Avoid touching the client during care Encourage reminiscence of past experiences Give the client multiple options for daily events. 26. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). For which of the following interdisciplinary team member should the nurse recommend a referral prior to initiating oral intake for the client? Occupational therapist Speech-language pathologist Physical therapist Case manager 27. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who reports chest pain. Which of the following laboratory results indicates the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction? Decreased lipase Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Elevated creatinine Elevated troponin 28. A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 hr postoperative following an amputation of the foot. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Obtain the client temperature Observe for phantom pain Measure urinary output Check the incisional dressing 29. A nurse is caring for a female client who is being treated for dehydration due to nausea and vomiting. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider Hemoglobin 13 g/dL Blood pressure 110/55 mm Hg Heart rate 120/min Potassium 3.6 mEq/L 30. A nurse is reviewing the chart of a client who is experiencing an adrenal crisis. Which was precipitated by the client not taking her medication for several days. The nurse should identify that withdrawal from which of the following medications potentiated the adrenal crisis? Metoprolol Methimazole Furosemide Prednisone 31. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has just transferred to the medical-surgical unit from the PACU following a right total knee arthroplasty. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? Massage both lower extremities to promote comfort Begin the client on a regular diet when the gag reflex returns Encourage the client to use the incentive spirometer every 4 hr while awake Assist the client to change position at least every 2 hr. 32. A nurse is changing the dressing for a client who has an abdominal incision and a Hemovac drain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Secure the drainage tube to the clients bedding Wear sterile gloves to empty the drainage system Cut an absorbent gauze dressing to fit around the drainage tube Cleanse the drainage plug with alcohol swabs 33. A Nurse is monitoring a client who has a wrist cast and reports intense itching underneath the cast. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Blow cool air into the cast using a blow dryer on a cool setting Obtain a prescription for pregabalin Ask the provider to bivalve the cast Provide the client with a tongue blade to rub the skin under cast 34. A nurse is caring for a client following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to the possibility of parathyroid gland injury? Anorexia Hoarseness Muscle twitching Blurred vision 35. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new cast on her left forearm and reports severe pain in the affected arm with numbness in the fingers. The nurse finds the skin is pale and cold with sluggish capillary refill. Which of the following fracture complications should the nurse suspect? Compartment syndrome Fat embolism Deep vein thrombosis Osteomyelitis 36. A nurse is caring for a client who has restricted movements of the chest due to a burn injury. The nurse should anticipate preparing the client for which of the following procedure? Fasciotomy Escharotomy Skin grafting Hyperbaric oxygen therapy 37. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and is receiving continuous bladder irrigation. The nurse notes decreased output from the urethral catheter. Which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse expect? Clamp the urethral catheter for 30 min. Place the urethral catheter drainage bag at the client’s heart level Slow the bladder irrigation flow rate Irrigate the urethral catheter with 0.9% sodium chloride 38. A nurse is reviewing the medical record for an older adult client who is experiencing nausea and vomiting. Based on the client data. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (click on the exhibit button for additional client information. There are three tabs that contain separate categories of data?) Exhibit 1 Exhibit 2 Exhibit 3 Diagnostic results Sodium 142 mEq/L Potassium 4.2 mEq/L BUN 36 mg/dL Creatinine 1.4 mg/dL Nurses notes 1200 alert and oriented x3 Lungs clear to auscultation Decreased skin turgor Dry mucous membranes Graphic record temperature 0800: 37.7° C (99.9° F) 1200: 37.2° C (99.0° F) Pulse 0800: 96/min 1200 20/min Respiration rate 0800: 18/min 1200: 20/min Blood pressure 0800: 118/62 mm Hg 1200: 104/65 mm Hg Encourage the client to ambulate Administer an antipyretic medication Notify the charge nurse of the client’s BUN level Keep the temperature in the client’s room warm 39. A nurse in a health clinic is reinforcing teaching with a client who has tuberculosis (TB) about transmission of the disease. Which of the following clients statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? I inhaled the infected droplets that were in the air I must have touched someone who had TB I probably caught this disease from a mosquito bite I developed TB from having unprotected sex 40. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parent of a toddler who has type I diabetes mellitus and whose prescription has been changed from regular insulin to lispro insulin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? Lispro is given once a day Lispro should be given before eating Lispro cannot be given with other insulin Lispro does not cause hypoglycemia 41. A nurse is preparing to administer an influenza vaccine to a client. Which of the following statements by the client should cause the nurse to postpone administration of the vaccine? I am allergic to shrimp I am allergic to latex balloons I had a tuberculosis skin test 2 days ago I had a low fever this morning 42. A nurse is repositioning a client who has lower back pain. Which of the following positions is appropriate for the client? Semi-fowler’s with knees flexed Orthopneic Dorsal recumbent Prone with legs straight 43. A nurse is caring for a client who has prescription for digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily. While taking the client’s apical pulse, the nurse notes a rate of 58/min. which of the following actions should the nurse take? Give the dose as prescribed Use a different route to administer the medication Administer half of the prescribed dose Withhold the dose 44. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about insulin injections with an adult client who weights 45.4 kg (100lb). which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? I should insert the needle at a 90-degree angle I should give my shot in my belly tissue I will pull back on the syringe plunger to look for blood before I push the medication in I will use the side of my hand to pull my skin to the side prior to administering the insulin 45. A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage liver disease and just underwent an abdominal paracentesis. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of the procedure? Changes in the client’s sputum Decreased blood pressure Changes in neurological status Increased urinary output 46. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about testicular self-examination. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Perform testicular self-examination after taking a warm shower Examine both testicles at the same time Use the palm of your hand to palpate for abnormalities Perform testicular self-examination every 6 months 47. A nurse is reviewing the plan of care for older adult client who is 1 day postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following interventions should the nurse contribute to the plan of care? Check neurovascular status on the extremity every 8 hr Have the client perform incentive spirometry every 4 hr Keep an abduction pillow between the client’s legs Maintain the client on bed rest until the third postoperative day 48. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who has osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Place throw rugs on wooden floors at home Supplement your diet with vitamin E Swim laps for 20 minutes twice per week Take calcium supplements with meal 49. A nurse is providing information regarding transmission-based precautions for a client who has clostridium difficile to an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (select all that apply) Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals Leave blood pressure equipment in the client’s room Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after client care Wear a face ask when in the client’s room 50. A nurse is caring for a client following a gastrectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to decrease episodes of dumping syndrome? Place the client in the supine position after meals Administer pancreatic enzymes before meals Encourage the client to drink 240 mL (8oz) of fluids with meals Offer the client three meals daily 51. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has a head injury and is at risk for increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? Measure rectal temperature every 4hr Remind the client to cough as needed Use a turn sheet to reposition the client Apply wrist restraints 52. A nurse is assisting with the development of a plan of care to manage pain for a client who has Herpes zoster with lesions on the lower extremities. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Keep bed linens off the affected areas Position a heat lamp over the lower extremities Apply warm, moist compresses to the affected areas Initiate droplet isolation precautions 53. A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has AIDS-related pneumonia. The client is receiving antibiotic therapy and albuterol nebulizer treatments daily. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client’s therapeutic regimen is effective? Adventitious lung sounds Decrease in exertional dyspnea Respiratory rate of 26/min while sitting in a chair Elevation of the head of the bed is required to sleep 54. A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hr postoperative following an abdominal surgery. Which of the following findings requires immediate attention form the nurse? Reported pain level of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 Urinary output of 110 mL in the past 4 hr Temperature of 38 degrees C (100.4 degrees F) Oxygen saturation of 88% 55. A nurse is caring for a client who has neutropenia. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurs implement? Offer the client fresh fruits and vegetables Monitor the client’s platelet count daily Limit visitors to healthy adults Apply firm pressure to injection sites 56. A nurse reviewing the medical record of a client who is postoperative. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a complication of surgery? Serous drainage from the incision WBC count of 15.000/mm Temperature of 37.2 degrees C (99 degrees F) Urine output of 400 mL over the past 8 hr 57. A nurse is caring for a client who has post cancer. The client asks the nurse why he is having a difficulty with urination. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? The kidney’ ability to filter urine is decreased The tumor causes obstruction of urine form the urethra The cancer results in hormonal changes. Which affect urination The protein-specific antigen in your blood is decreased 58. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription for calcitonin. Which of the following statements should the nurse make to describe the effect of calcitonin in treating osteoporosis? Calcitonin will slow the breakdown of bone in your body Calcitonin will increase the level of cortisol in your blood Calcitonin will decrease the amount of calcium you are losing in your urine Calcitonin will increase the blood flow to your skeletal muscles 59. A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who had a stroke and is unable to speak. The nurse should identify that the client’s injury occurred in which of the following lobes of the brain? (you will find hot spots to select in the artwork below. Select only the hot spot that corresponds to your answer) (A) Frontal lobe 60. a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for regular and NPH insulin. which of the following instructions on preparing the insulins should the nurse include? Withdraw both types of insulin and then add 0.2 mL of air to the syringe Gently shake the NPH insulin prior to the withdrawing the dose withdraw the regular insulin before withdrawing the NPH insulin Inject air into NPH vial after withdrawing regular insulin 61. a nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving sumatriptan. Which of the following is an expected outcome? Reduced cough Diminished headache Relaxed muscles Decreased peripheral edema 62. a nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who had a mechanical mitral valve replacement. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching I will notify my dentist about this procedure I will take an enteric-coated aspirin daily I will use a firm-bristled toothbrush I will weight myself once a week 63. A nurse is caring for 4 clients. Which of the following conditions should the nurse identify as a risk for developing vascular disease? Rheumatoid arthritis Diabetes mellitus Myasthenia gravis Crohn’s disease 64. a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and a prescription for isoniazid and rifampin. which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching Weekly sputum cultures will be needed Household family member should be tested for TB TB is no longer contagious after 2 to 3 days of medication therapy Family member should wear N95 masks when in contact with the client 65. a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has asthma and a new prescription for a corticosteroid. which of the following findings should the nurse include as an adverse effect of the medication Frequent colds Vitamin deficiency Increased urination Orthostatic hypotension 66. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has 30% body surface area partial-thickness and full-thickness burns. Which of the following findings indicates that fluid resuscitation is adequate? Granulation tissue is present Urine output is 50mL/hr Lung sounds are clear Oxygen saturation level is 95% 67. A nurse is caring for a client undergoing testing for multiple sclerosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Muscle spasticity Tremors at rest Ptosis Ascending paralysis 68. A nurse is caring for a client who has cushing’s syndrome and expresses concern regarding body image changes. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as physical change caused by disease? Bronze skin Truncal obesity Lordosis Exophthalmos 69. a nurse in a clinic is assisting with the development of a pamphlet about STIs. which of the following information should the nurse recommend to include in the pamphlet? The number of sexual partners does not affect the risk for STIs. Oral contraceptive use decreases the risk for STIs Men seek treatment for STIs later than women women have a higher risk of contracting STIs than men 70. a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has microcytic anemia and is prescribed a daily iron supplement. the nurse tells the client to consume foods containing vitamin C when taking the supplement to enhance iron absorption. which of the following client food choices indicates an understanding of the teaching? 1 cup cooked brown rice 1 cup boiled broccoli 1 cup cottage cheese 1 cup cooked kidney beans 71. a nurse is caring for an adult client who has age-related macular degeneration. which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Seeing halos around artificial lights Distorted central vision Colored spots before the visual fields Spontaneous tearing of the eyes 72. A nurse is an orthopedic clinic is reinforcing teaching with a client who has osteoarthritis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to promote comfort? Sleep on a firm mattress Try jogging in place when joints feel stiff Use a soft chair or recliner for sitting Apply ice packs to painful joints 73. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse anticipate? Elevated serum amylase level Hypertension Bradycardia Decreased leukocyte count 74. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has circulatory compromise in the lower extremities due to peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Educate the client about choosing low-fat, low-cholesterol foods. Have the client flex hips and knees when lying in bed Encourage the client to wear elastic support hose during they time Instruct the client to use an electric hearting pad 75. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has an obstructive pulmonary disorder. The nurse should document the sounds as which of the following? Pleural friction rub Wheezes Vesicular Crackles 76. A home health is caring for a client who has COPD. The client tells the nurse that he becomes short of breath while eating despite the use o home oxygen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Limit protein in daily meal plan Use a bronchodilator 1 hr before meals Drink beverages at the end of meals Lie down for 1 hr after meals 77. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has leukemia and is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? You should thaw frozen meat at room temperature You should use paprika as seasoning for your food You should place your toothbrush in hydrogen peroxide overnight You should use a glycerin-base soap while bathing 78. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client prior to removal of a leg cast. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching? I will scrub the skin to remove the old skin flakes I can expect to my leg to be swollen after the cast is removed I can go back to my usual activities as soon as the cast is off I will feel vibrations on my leg from the cast cutter 79. A nurse in a clinic is collecting data from a client who has hyperthyroidism and has been taking methimazole for 4 weeks. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a therapeutic response of the medication? I have been sleeping less since I started the medication I have gained 3 pounds since My bowel movements have become more frequent I urinate more often than before 80. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about increasing dietary fiber. The nurse should recommend which of the following foods as beds source of fiber? 81. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? Place the client in a negative-pressure airflow room 82. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is postoperative following a cemented total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? 83. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? 84. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about nutrition choices with a client who has leukemia and is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? 85. A nurse is preparing to assist a client out of bed 4 hr following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? 86. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and has a Jackson-practice drain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? 87. A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking enalapril. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effect? 88. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has coronary artery disease and is taking statin medication to lower cholesterol levels. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? 89. A nurse is caring for a client who has an intestinal obstruction and reports a new onset of nausea. The client has an NG tube set at low intermittent suction and is receiving continuous IV infusion od 0.9% sodium chloride. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? 90. A nurse is reinforcing teaching regarding the use of a continuous passive motion (CPM) machine with a client who is scheduled for a total knee arthroplasty. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply)