Maternal and Newborn Success A Q&A Review Applying Critical Thinking to Test Taking THIRD EDITION

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45. 1. No incision is created when clients have hysterosalpingograms. 2. The client will be able to ambulate normally after the procedure. 3. A dye is instill... ed into the uterine cavity. Some doctors do prescribe oral antibiotics following the procedure to prevent infection. 4. This statement is correct. A number of pictures will be taken throughout the procedure. The client. who will be awake. is asked to move into positions for the x-rays. TEST-TAKING TIP: A hysterosalpingogram is one of the many tests performed during a standard infertility work-up. The test taker should be familiar with the rationale for each of the tests as well as the procedures themselves and the information that should be conveyed to each client who is to undergo one of the procedures. 46. 1. This response is incorrect. There are a number of ovulation predictor tests that women can use at home to determine when they are ovulating. 2. This statement is correct. One of the at-home ovulation predictor kits requires women to place saliva on a microscopic slide and. after allowing the saliva to dry. to look at the slide under a microscope. If ovulation is occurring. the saliva appears ferned. that is. the image on the slide looks like the leaflets of a fern. The test detects the presence of high levels of estrogen in the woman’s saliva. 3. Although the vaginal discharge does change during women’s menstrual cycles. there are no ovulation detection tests that require women to test their vaginal discharge. 4. Some of the ovulation detection kits are very expensive. while others require a minimal expense. The women may have to test their saliva and urine repeatedly over the course of many days or months. however. requiring them to purchase multiple test kits. TEST-TAKING TIP: Women who wish to determine the timing of ovulation in order to maximize their potential of having intercourse at their most fertile period have many options available to them. They can monitor their BBT over a number of months to determine their pattern of ovulation. They can also employ a number of ovulation predictor tests that can be purchased without prescription. Some of the tests require women to test their urine. which will indicate when they are experiencing their LH surge. while others require women to test their saliva for high levels of estrogen. Genetics 47. 1. The circle is the symbol used to represent the female. 2. The square is the symbol used to represent the male. 3. The triangle is the symbol used to represent a stillborn. 4. The diamond is the symbol used to represent a child of unknown sex. TEST-TAKING TIP: When the same symbols are used in all pedigrees. readers are able to analyze the results easily. Symbols that are light colored or completely uncolored depict healthy individuals. Those that are dark colored depict individuals with disease. 48. 1. The DNA in the client’s skin cells did mutate. but the mutation will not affect the client’s fertility because the woman’s ovaries were not affected. 2. The inherited gene affects a client’s risk of contracting colon cancer. It will not affect fertility. 3. A reciprocal translocation can result in infertility. 4. Failure of one arm to develop in utero is related to an environmental insult rather than a genetic insult. TEST-TAKING TIP: Clients who have reciprocal translocations are usually phenotypically normal. When they produce gametes. however. the eggs (or sperm) have nuclei that are composed of an unbalanced amount of genetic material. Because their offspring are often nonviable. their pregnancies end in miscarriage. CHAPTER 2 SEXUALITY. FERTILITY. AND GENETICS 43 49. 1. CVS is performed well before mothers feel quickening. 2. Tocolytics. such as terbutaline. are not routinely administered following CVS. 3. The mother should notify the doctor if she begins to bleed or contract. 4. It is unnecessary for the mother to stay on complete bedrest following a CVS. TEST-TAKING TIP: The test taker. if familiar with normal pregnancy changes. can immediately eliminate choice 1 since CVS is performed between 10 and 12 weeks’ gestation and quickening rarely occurs before 16 weeks’ gestation. even in multiparous pregnancies. Spontaneous abortion is the most common complication of CVS: therefore. the woman should report any bleeding or contractions. 50. 1. The child has a 25% probability of being of normal stature. 2. The child has a 25% probability of being of normal stature. 3. The child has a 25% probability of being of normal stature. 4. The child has a 25% probability of being of normal stature. After doing a Punnett square. it can be seen that the probability of the child being of normal stature is 1 in 4. or 25%. TEST-TAKING TIP: Because both parents are heterozygous (“hetero” meaning “different”). they each have one dominant gene or allele (A) and one recessive gene or allele (a). Therefore. the genotype of each parent is Aa. Because achondroplasia is a dominant disease. the recessive allele in this scenario is the normal gene. Only one of the four boxes contains two recessive (normal) genes: therefore. their child has a 1 in 4. or 25%. chance of being of normal stature. 51. 1. If the prospective father possesses the gene. the probability of their children inheriting the gene is 1 in 2. or 50%. As the man has not been tested. it is impossible to determine the probabilities. 2. This statement is completely false. 3. It is improper for the nurse to recommend that the clients not have children. It is the couple’s choice whether or not to get pregnant. It is the nurse’s responsibility to give information that is as accurate as possible. 4. This statement is correct. No specific information can be given until or unless the potential father decides to be tested. TEST-TAKING TIP: It is important for the test taker to know the clinical course of Huntington disease (HD). a deteriorating disease of the brain. Affected patients slowly succumb to abnormal movements. behavioral changes. and dementia. There is no cure for this devastating disease. Many clients are reluctant to be tested for the gene since they then end up waiting for the dreaded symptoms to appear. It is not uncommon. therefore. for clients to have no definitive knowledge of their genetic makeup in relation to HD. 52. 1. Symptoms usually appear in affected individuals in their 30s or 40s. but the symptoms can appear as early as child [Show More]

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