Types of Nursing Programs:
◆ Associate degree: 2-year program; entry educational level for registered nurses
◆ Baccalaureate degree: 4-year program; focuses more on management and leadership
◆ Diploma: 3-year hospital
...
Types of Nursing Programs:
◆ Associate degree: 2-year program; entry educational level for registered nurses
◆ Baccalaureate degree: 4-year program; focuses more on management and leadership
◆ Diploma: 3-year hospital-based program
◆ Licensed practical or vocational nurse (LPN/LVN): 9 months to 1 year most basic entry-level program
Milestones in Nursing History
◆ Ancient times: care provided by family and male priests
◆ 1000 AD: women allowed to study midwifery
◆ 1700–1800: poor, lower class women provided care in unsanitary conditions
◆ 1836: first school of nursing established; nurses referred to as Kaiserworth deaconesses (era of Florence Nightingale)
◆ 1897: Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States formed to protect against
incompetent nurses
◆ 1892: first training program established for practical nurses in New York City
◆ Early 1900s: licensure required in some states
◆ 1955: all states required practical nurses to be licensed
Scope of Practice
◆ Limitations and allowances of what a nurse can do
◆ Nurses responsible for knowing their own scope of practice
Nurse Practice Act
◆ Law governing nurses’ actions
◆ Written to address each specific level of nursing
◆ Establishes scope of practice for each level of nurse, based on educational preparation
◆ Enforced by the Board of Nursing
Four Characteristics of Competent Nurses
◆ Being responsible
◆ Being honest
◆ Being caring
◆ Being competent
Nursing Responsibilities
◆ Caring for several patients and seeing that their physical and spiritual needs are met
◆ Performing patient and family teaching and preparing them for patient discharge
◆ Noticing changes in patient condition and notifying appropriate health-care professional
◆ Communicates well
◆ Takes responsibility for own actions
◆ Sees self as a professional and acts and dresses accordingly
Nursing Is Both an Art and a Science
◆ Art of nursing: The caring, creativity, communication, and compassion necessary to connect with patients in a meaningful way
◆ Science of nursing: The analysis and integration of data, the decision-making process,
and the technical monitoring of patients
Examples of Unprofessional Conduct
◆ Use of drugs or alcohol in ways that endanger a patient
◆ Diversion of drugs from patient to personal use
◆ Failure to supervise nursing assistants
◆ Failure to provide adequate care for patients
◆ Criminal conduct
Managed Care: “A system of health-care delivery aimed at managing the cost and quality of access to medical care”
Health-Care Team
◆ Medical staff
◆ Nursing staff
◆ Therapy staff
◆ Laboratory staff
◆ Radiology staff
◆ Ancillary staff (House Keeping)
Types of Inpatient Care Facilities
◆ Acute medical or mental health care hospital
◆ Skilled nursing facility in a nursing home or hospital
◆ Long-term acute care hospital
◆ Rehabilitation facility
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