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Module 10 Assignment - Pharmacological Treatments for Arthritis

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Running Head: MODULE 10 ASSIGNMENT - PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENTS FOR ARTHRITIS 1 Module 10 Assignment - Pharmacological Treatments for Arthritis Name College Course Instructor Date Module 10 Assignment - Pharmacological Treatments for Arthritis 2 MEDICATION generic and trade name drug classification Medication Mechanism of Action Common Side Effects Nursing Implications & Patient Teaching Generic: Ibuprofen Trade name: Advil ®, Motrin®, Nuprin ® Drug classification: Non-steroidal Antiinflammatory Agents (NSAIDs) NSAIDs prevent the generation of prostaglandins by blocking cyclooxygenase enzymes, COX-1 and COX-2. Prostaglandins are mediators of inflammation. COX-2 selective inhibitors selectively block prostaglandins generated via COX-2 which have prominent roles in inflammation. Common: Nausea Vomiting Rash Mild hair loss Headache Mouth sores Muscle aches Suppressed platelet aggregation Prolonged PT Nursing Implications: Assess the patients pain level. Monitor vital signs Monitor Temperature and assess for signs of fever. Assess GI symptoms related to bleed. Patient/Family Teaching Patients who have asthma, allergies, and nasal polyps or who are allergic to tartrazine are at an ↑ risk for developing hypersensitivity reactions. • Always take with a full glass of water and to remain sitting upright for 15–30 min. • Avoid alcohol intake to minimize possible GI irritation • NSAIDs may need to be withheld prior to surgery. Module 10 Assignment - Pharmacological Treatments for Arthritis 3 Generic: Methotrexate Trade name: Rheumatrex®, Trexall® Drug classification: First-Line DMARD Interruption of adenosine and possible effects on other inflammatory and immunoregulatory pathwas. Common: Stomatitis Oral ulcers Mild alopecia Hair thinning GI upset These side effects can be improved with folic acid supplementation. Uncommon/More Severe: Hepatic cirrhosis Interstitial pneumonitis Severe myelosuppression Nursing Implications: Before starting methotrexate, obtain baseline labs should include a CBC, liver profile, serum albumin and serum creatinine Monitor for and report ulcerative stomatitis with glossitis and gingivitis, often the first signs of toxicity. Inspect mouth daily for patchy necrotic areas, bleeding and discomfort. Monitor I&O ratio and pattern. Be alert for and report symptoms of thrombocytopenia. Patient/Family Teaching Report promptly any abnormal symptoms to physician. Avoid drinking alcohol. Maintain thorough mouth care. Don’t take vitamins or supplements without consulting physician, vitamins that contain folic acid can interfere with the drug response. Avoid extended exposure in the sunlight. Be sure to wear sunglasses and sunscreen

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