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ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY GCE CHEMISTRY B (SALTERS) Chemistry for Life

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1 Car fuels contain many different hydrocarbons and also compounds containing oxygen. (a) (i) The table below shows some of the compounds used in car fuels. Complete the table by filling in the ... spaces. compound molecular formula skeletal formula homologous series hexane C6H14 alkane 3-methylpentane C6H14 alkane C6H14 alkane cyclohexane C6H12 pent-2-ene C5H10 methylbenzene C7H8 2-methylpropan-2-ol C4H10O alcohol 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane C5H12O O [7] (ii) Most of the above compounds are separated from crude oil. What name is given to this separation process? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (iii) What term is used to describe different compounds that have the same molecular formula? ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (iv) Name an unsaturated compound in the table opposite. ...................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) The table includes some branched alkanes. Branching affects the octane number of an alkane. What tendency does octane number measure? Give the effect of increased branching on octane number. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] (c) The processes of cracking and reforming are used to improve the performance of hydrocarbons as fuels. (i) Complete the equation below for the cracking of the hydrocarbon C11H24 to produce two of the hydrocarbons in the table. C11H24 .................. + .................. [2] (ii) Give the equation for a reforming reaction that involves two of the compounds in the table. [1] [Total: 15] [Show More]

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