◆ SYMPTOMS
● Classic Migraine (w/ aura)
○ First/Prodrome phase
◆ Aura that develops over period of several minutes and last no longer than 1 hr
◆ Transient focal neurologic dysfunction
◆ Visual disturbances, flashin
...
◆ SYMPTOMS
● Classic Migraine (w/ aura)
○ First/Prodrome phase
◆ Aura that develops over period of several minutes and last no longer than 1 hr
◆ Transient focal neurologic dysfunction
◆ Visual disturbances, flashing lights, lines or spots,
shimmering or zigzag lights
◆ Numbness, tingling of lips or tongue, acute confusional state, aphasia, vertigo, unilateral weakness, drowsiness
○ Second phase:
◆ HA accompanied by N/V
◆ Pain beginning in temple, increase in intensity and becomes
throbbing w/in 1 hr
○ Third phase
◆ Pain changing from throbbing to dull
◆ HA, N/V lasting 4-72 hrs
● Common Migraine (W/O aura)
○ Migraine before onset of HA
○ Pain aggravated by performing activities
○ Unilateral and pulsating
○ N/V, photophobia, phonophobia, HA lasting 4-72 hrs
○ Migraine in early morning, during stress, or in premenstrual tension or fluid retention
● Atypical Migraine
○ Migrainous: HA lasting longer than 72 hrs
○ Migrainous infarction: neurologic symptoms not completely reversible w/in 7 days
◆ Ischemic infarct noted on imaging
○ Unclassified: HA not fulfilling all the criteres to be classified a migraine
◆ TREATMENT
● Abortive Therapy
○ Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Exedrin
○ Triptan preparations (as soon as migraine S/S start)
◆ Sumatriptan (Imitrex)
◆ Eletriptan (Relpax)
◆ Naratriptan (Amerge)
◆ Almotriptan (Axert)
○ Ergotamine preparations
◆ Cafergot (Ergotamine)
◆ Dihydroergotamine (DHE)-Migranal
◆ Midrin
◆ MOA: constrict (vasoconstriction reduces blood flow in
cerebral arteries)
➔ SEIZURES
● Preventative Therapy
○ Beta Blockers: Propranolol (Inderal), Timolol
◆ Do not stop abruptly
○ CCB: Verapamil (Calan)
○ AntiepilepticsL Topiramate (Topamax)
○ Tricyclic Antidepressant (Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
○ Botox
● DIETARY RESTRICTIONS (SATA)
○ Avoid tyramine-containing products (pickled products, aged cheese, caffeine, beer/wine, preservatives, artificial sweeteners)
○ Chocolate
○ Food w/ yeast (pastry and fresh breads)
○ MSG
○ Nitrates (meats), pickled or fermented foods
○ Nuts
○ Smoked fish
○ Yogurt
◆ PHASES:
● Preictal: Events that patient experiences before a seizure (aura)
○ Feeling of something not being right or about to happen
...............................................CONTINUED.................................
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