Week 8 quiz - FINAL,100% CORRECT

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Part 1 of 1 - 40.0 Points Question 1 of 20 2.0 Points How are inferential statistics different from descriptive statistics? A.Descriptive statistics allow drawing inferences from the ... sample to a target population. B.Descriptive statistics verify the accuracy of the inferential statistics. C.Inferential statistics describe the results of a study. D.Inferential statistics allow drawing inferences from the sample to a target population. Question 2 of 20 2.0 Points _____ are characteristics of samples, while _____ are characteristics of populations. A.Concepts; statistics B.Parameteres; statistics C.Statistics; parameters D.Parameters; estimations Question 3 of 20 2.0 Points In a normal distribution, what percentage of scores falls between one standard deviation below the mean and one standard deviation above the mean? A.16% B.50% C.68% D.90% Question 4 of 20 2.0 Points Here is a set of scores: 5, 3, 7, 3, 6, 2, 5, 3. The median of this set of scores is ______. A.2 B.3 C.4 D.4.5 Question 5 of 20 2.0 Points Here is a set of scores: 5, 3, 7, 3, 6, 2, 5, 3. Those mode of this set of scores is _____. A.3 B.4 C.4.22 D.4.5 Question 6 of 20 2.0 Points An exam was given to two sections of the same course. In Section 1, the exam mean was 51 and the standard deviation was 7. In Section 2, the exam mean was 51 and the standard deviation was 13. Which of the following conclusions is accurate? A.Section 1 did better on the exam than Section 2. B.Section 1 scores were more variable than Section 2. C.Section 1 scores were less variable than Section 2. D.Section 1 did less well on the exam than Section 2. Question 7 of 20 2.0 Points The z score, or standard score, allows the researcher to determine: A.how far a target individual's score is from the group mean. B.what percentage of individuals in the sample scored above the target individual. C.the mean for the population based on the mean for the sample. D.what percentage of individuals in the sample scored below the target individual Question 8 of 20 2.0 Points Danzell is a purchasing agent for a major grocery store chain. He has noticed over the years that the higher the outdoor temperature, the more likely people are to buy fresh fruit. Based on Danzell's observations, we would say there is ____________ relationship between outdoor temperature and buying of fresh fruit. A.a positive B.a negative C.a causal D.no Question 9 of 20 2.0 Points Frank Fitness found a correlation coefficient of -.74 between hours of strenuous exercise each week and a standard measure of body mass. He interprets this to mean that there is a ______ and ______ relationship between hours of strenuous exercise and body mass. A.strong; positive B.strong; negative C.weak; positive D.weak; negative Question 10 of 20 2.0 Points Statistical hypothesis testing involves the: A.research hypothesis. B.probability level. C.significance level. D.null hypothesis. Question 11 of 20 2.0 Points A placebo is given to the___________: A.experimental group B.treatment group C.control group D.both groups Question 12 of 20 2.0 Points We are intersted in the relationship between music and mood. We have a group of participants, we measure their mood, then, we have them listen to 20 minutes of sad country music, then, we measure their mood again. We have just conducted a (n)_____________: A.static group comparison B.pretest-posttest control group design C.one-group pretest -postttest design D.within subjects design Question 13 of 20 2.0 Points Dr. Research is concerned that pretests may have an influence on posttest scores. To control this problem she conducts a (n)___________: A.alternating treatment design B.quasi-experimental design C.ex post facto design D.Solomon four group design Question 14 of 20 2.0 Points What is the key differnece between a posttest only control group design and a static group comparison? A.a posttest B.a pretest C.sample size D.random assignment Question 15 of 20 2.0 Points This kind of design is often confused with correlational and experimental designs because it involves looking at existing circumstances AND it has clear independent and dependent variables: A.nonrandomized two factor design B.multiple baseline design C.quasi experimental design D.ex post facto design Question 16 of 20 2.0 Points We are interested in violent video games and aggression in 10 year-old boys. We find dozens of experiments in the liturature about this topic and combine them all to determine whether they yeild consistant results. This procedure is called a(n)______________: A.multiple baseline design B.liturature review C.meta analysis D.liturature analysis Question 17 of 20 2.0 Points Measures of central tendency, the amount of variability within the data, and the extent that variables are related to each other are all elements in_______________: A.inferental statistics B.parametric statistics C.discrete statistics D.descriptive statistics Question 18 of 20 2.0 Points When two variables move down in value in relation to each other we call this a__________________: A.negative correlation B.positive correlation C.partial correlation D.biserial correlation Question 19 of 20 2.0 Points Failing to reject the null hypothes and concluding that a result is due to chance when it is not is called a____________: A.type I error B.statistic error C.error variance D.type II error Question 20 of 20 2.0 Points Which of the following correlation coefficients is stronger? A.-.7 B.-.3 C.+.6 D.+.2 FINAL Part 1 of 1 - 150.0 Points Question 1 of 75 2.0 Points The reference list is included in the___________. A.front matter B.end matter C.appendices D.body of the report Question 2 of 75 2.0 Points The abstract is included in the_______. A.front matter B.end matter C.appendices D.body of the report Question 3 of 75 2.0 Points The acknowledgments are included in the__________. A.front matter B.end matter C.appendices D.body of the report Question 4 of 75 2.0 Points The measure(s) of central tendency that is/are appropriate for use with nominal data is/are A.the median only Correct B.the mode only C.the median and the mean D.the median and the mode Question 5 of 75 2.0 Points When summarizing ordinal data, the _____ is the most useful measure of central tendency. A.arithmetic mean B.mode C.median D.geometric mean Question 6 of 75 2.0 Points When reporting growth data, the _____ is the most useful measure of central tendency. A.arithmetic mean B.mode C.median D.geometric mean Question 7 of 75 2.0 Points The percentile rank allows the researcher to determine________. A.how far a target individual's score is from the group mean B.what percentage of individuals in the sample scored above the target individual C.the mean for the population based on the mean for the sample D.what percentage of individuals in the same scored below the target individual Question 8 of 75 2.0 Points Three of the following factors are associated with a relatively small standard error of the mean. Which one is not? A.sample size is relatively large B.sample standard deviation is relatively small C.the variance in the sample is relatively large D.the sample is highly representative of the population Question 9 of 75 2.0 Points Jane wants to search for information about the variety of attention disorders that are seen in childhood. Which of the following sets of key words would best get Jane started on an effective and efficient search? A."attention disorders" B."ADHD", "ADD", and "children" C."disorders" and "children" D."attention disorders" and "children" Question 10 of 75 2.0 Points If an important recent research article that you want to include in your literature review is not owned by your library, you might_____________. A.cite it anyway for the benefit of your reader B.obtain it by asking the library to recall the reference C.obtain it through an online document delivery service D.decide to make do without it Question 11 of 75 2.0 Points A well-structured literature review__________. A.contains highly detailed descriptions of each work chosen for inclusion in the review B.begins with those studies most closely related to the research problem, then opens up to a broader perspective C.begins with broad / general information, then narrows the focus to those studies most closely related to the research problem D.contains general summaries of each work chosen for inclusion in the review Question 12 of 75 2.0 Points Typically, the literature review should___________. A.include few or no works more than 5 years old to avoid having the work become prematurely obsolete B.be limited to work coming out of the very best labs and universities in the country C.give broad overview of the area, without getting bogged down in the details of particular studies or theoretical perspectives D.emphasize how the studies being reviewed are related to the research problem under consideration Question 13 of 75 2.0 Points Which of the following examples illustrates research the way it is defined in your textbook? A.Sally is writing a paper about the effects of Harry Potter on the reading habits of fourth graders in the US and United Kingdom. She goes to a research library to find information to include in her paper B.Ian wants to know why the population of song birds has declined in recent years in the Sutton Wilderness Area. He carefully collects soil and water samples; systematically surveys the entire area for predators; then sits down to make sense of his findings C.Leonard is starting a woodworking business and is not sure how to calculate the cost of his labor so he can be both profitable and fair to the customers. He asks several established business owners how they calculate labor charges D.Bill is doing a report on the Sonnets of Shakespeare. He carefully reads a number of sonnets, then carefully reads scholarly reviews of those same sonnets written by a number of different Shakespeare scholars. He synthesizes all of this information in his report Question 14 of 75 2.0 Points Which of the following is defined as an organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a particular phenomenon? A.theory B.inference C.hypothesis D.interpretation Question 15 of 75 2.0 Points Well-designed research manages to minimize or avoid___________. A.assumptions B.predictions C.theory D.bias Question 16 of 75 2.0 Points Research methodology refers to A.the general approach the researcher takes to conducting a research project B.a specific device the researcher uses to collect data C.the specific theoretical basis of the research project D.the statistical tests to be employed in a research project Question 17 of 75 2.0 Points The main difference between an interval and a ratio scale is that only one of them A.includes an absolute zero B.uses equal units of measurement C.supports the use of statistical analyses D.is used in research with human subjects Question 18 of 75 2.0 Points Professor Harris is constructing a demographic questionnaire for use in a research project. One question asks students to report whether they are currently living in an "urban", "suburban" or "rural" setting. This is an example of a/an: A.nominal scale B.ordinal scale C.interval scale D.ratio scale Question 19 of 75 2.0 Points Kade has spent the past month carefully observing a group of third graders on the playground during recess, taking note of how the students interact with one another. On the basis of these observations, Kade is drawing conclusions about the interaction styles of boys and girls. This is an example of A.hypothetical logic B.deductive logic C.inductive logic D.propositional logic Question 20 of 75 2.0 Points Which of the following represents a well-written BASIC research problem? A.Which general education course is more interesting, U.S. History or World Music? B.How do business teams of six or fewer members compare to teams of more than six members in terms of productivity? C.How does the organization of mathematical information in long-term memory differ between 3-year-olds and 13-year-olds? D.What is the ratio of native-born students to international students on the campuses of major U.S. state universities? Question 21 of 75 2.0 Points Which of the following represents a well-written APPLIED research problem? A.How does the organization of mathematical information in long-term memory differ between 3-year-olds and 13-year-olds? B.How do business teams of six or fewer members compare to teams of more than six members in terms of productivity? C.Which general education course is more interesting, U.S. History or World Music? D.What is the ratio of native-born students to international students on the campuses of major U.S. state universities? Question 22 of 75 2.0 Points What proportion of workers hired by selected factories in the state of Oklahoma between 1995 and 2000 held 4-year degrees?" The chief weakness of this research problem is A.it lacks clarity or completeness in the problem statement B.it implies only description of the data, not interpretation. C.it does not lead to the creation/discovery of new information D.studying the question as stated is not feasible Question 23 of 75 2.0 Points What do under-employed workers (i.e., those workers who are employed, but not in positions for which they have specialized training or expertise) in the U.S. identify as the primary reason for their inability to find suitable employment?" The chief weakness of this research problem is that A.it lacks clarity or completeness in the problem statement B.it does not lead to the creation/discovery of new information C.it implies only description of the data, not interpretation D.studying the question as stated is not feasible Question 24 of 75 2.0 Points Which of the following is a well-stated subproblem that follows from the research problem: "Are the personality characteristics of Need for Structure or In-Group Preference related to prejudicial social judgements about African-Americans, Latino-Americans, or Asian-Americans among social workers in selected urban areas of the U.S.? Incorrect A.Which group is more discriminated against by the public at large in each of the selected areas: African-Americans, Latino-Americans, or Asian-Americans? B.What is the most valid existing measure of in-group preference? C.What is the relationship between an index of Need for Structure and an index of prejudice targeting attitudes about Asian-Americans among the selected social workers? D.Which analytic technique is best suited to addressing the research problem, multiple regression or path analysis? Question 25 of 75 2.0 Points The basic format of the quantitative research process includes (in part), in chronological order A.pose the question, pose a hypothesis, search the literature, collect the data B.clearly state the research question, collect data, review the literature, write up the findings C.review the literature, identify a question, collect data, analyze data D.pose a hypothesis, collect data, analyze data, review the literature Question 26 of 75 2.0 Points Charlotte, an anthropologist, has been living in an Incan village for three years. During that time, Charlotte has become an expert in Incan weaving by observing and imitating the master weavers in the community. For Charlotte, observing weaving constitutes A.primary data B.secondary data C.informal data D.non-empirical data Question 27 of 75 2.0 Points A researcher decides to test the relationship between her new measure of empathy and a well-established measure of interpersonal sensitivity in a high school sample. She finds that the two instruments are highly related, which supports the _____ of the new instrument A.predictive validity B.content validity C.criterion validity D.face valdity Question 28 of 75 2.0 Points Professor Pickle is studying civic-mindedness among senior citizens. She administers a survey of civic mindedness to a senior citizens group in early April, then again in early May. By comparing the two sets of scores, Professor can assess the _____ reliability of her measure of civic-mindedness A.inter-rater B.internal consistency C.equivalent forms D.test-retest Question 29 of 75 2.0 Points Three of the following are techniques for strengthening the credible or dependability of a qualitative study. Which one is NOT? A.Spend extensive time in the field studying the phenomenon of interest B.Acquire rich and detailed descriptions of the phenomena being studied C.Exclude participants who have experiences or opinions that are very different from those of others in the study D.Ask participants to comment on the conclusions being drawn from the study Question 30 of 75 2.0 Points A proposal for a quantitative study typically includes these elements in this order A.a statement of the problem, a review of the literature, an explanation of the means for collecting data, a description of how the study will be conducted B.a review of the literature, a statement of the problem, an explanation of the means for collecting data, a description of how the study will be conducted C.a review of the literature, a statement of the problem, a description of how the study will be conducted, and explanation of the means for collecting data D.a statement of the problem, explanation of the means for collecting data, a review of the literature, description of how the study will be conducted Question 31 of 75 2.0 Points Experienced writers of research proposals typically A.plan to make revisions to the first draft of the proposal B.do not need to make revisions to the first draft of the proposal C.only make revisions to the first draft of the proposal if they are requested by a reviewer D.may need to edit the first draft of the proposal for typos, but not content Question 32 of 75 2.0 Points When writing the proposal, you should assume that the reader A.will know which data analytic techniques are appropriate for your study without a detailed explanation B.is an expert in the area you are addressing and will be familiar with common issues, variables, instruments, etc C.can discern for him/herself what the importance of the study is D.knows nothing about the proposed project, so all the details must be thoroughly explained Question 33 of 75 2.0 Points Three of the following are elements in the proposal revision process. Which one is not? A.Reconsider the feasibility of what you are proposing to do B.Carefully assess the logic and organization of the information in the document C.Avoid breaks of 24 hours or more as the material will get too "cold" in your mind D.Seek feedback from knowledgeable others Question 34 of 75 2.0 Points When conducting observations to be used as data in a qualitative study, it is________ A.always necessary to obtain informed consent from those being observed B.not necessary to obtain informed consent if the observations are being conducted in a public place C.not necessary to obtain informed consent if the observer is in full view of those being observed D.only necessary to obtain informed consent if the study will be published Question 35 of 75 2.0 Points The constant comparative method of data analysis is most associated with__________ A.ethnography B.phenomenology C.grounded theory D.content analysis Answer Key: C Question 36 of 75 2.0 Points Richard Relic is carefully examining writings from the time of the US Civil War to determine how each side characterized the position of their opponent. Dr. Relic is probably employing a ________ methodology A.case study B.grounded theory C.phenomenological D.content analysis Question 37 of 75 2.0 Points In qualitative research, the fact that the research methodology may be vaguely described or very general in nature at the outset of the study indicates_________ A.a normal and acceptable state of affairs B.that the study is poorly designed C.that the researcher is inexperienced D.a common but unprofessional practice Question 38 of 75 2.0 Points Historical research may include A.qualitative, but not qualitative, methods B.quantitative, but not qualitative, methods C.both qualitative and quantitative methods D.neither qualitative or quantitative methods Question 39 of 75 2.0 Points In historical research, bias A.generally does not exist to a problematic degree B.is less of a problem than in other forms of research C.is impossible for the researcher to detect D.can be a subject of study in and of itself Answer Key: D Question 40 of 75 2.0 Points ________ is/are an appropriate focus of historical research A.Concepts B.Ideas C.People D.all of the above Question 41 of 75 2.0 Points Advantages of questionnaires include all of the following EXCEPT A.large numbers of people can be contacted for a relatively low cost B.data can be gathered from a large number of people in a relatively short period of time C.participants may feel more confident about their anonymity and therefore respond more honestly D.since questions are in written form they are less likely to be misunderstood by respondents Question 42 of 75 2.0 Points In descriptive research, the researcher typically studies a ________, then draws conclusions about the _________. A.sample; population B.population; sample C.sample; sample D.population; population Question 43 of 75 2.0 Points Polly Petunia is Chief Horticulturalist for the Southwest region, encompassing Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. She wants to survey amateur gardeners is her region to determine what, if any, water conservation practices they employ in their home gardening. Polly sends her survey to 150 randomly selected gardeners in each state. Polly is using A.purposive sampling B.proportional stratified sampling C.systematic sampling D.stratified random sampling Question 44 of 75 2.0 Points Danny Drive wants to know what the relationship is between intrinsic motivation and course grade among math students. He contacts a local professor who teaches several general education math classes and asks about the possibility of gathering data in her classes. Danny is using A.simple random sampling B.cluster sampling C.convenience sampling D.systematic sampling Question 45 of 75 2.0 Points "There will be differences in degree of mood elevation seen in depressed clients after receiving either cognitive-behavioral or psychoanalytic therapy." In this hypothesis, mood elevation is the A.dependent variable B.independent variable C.confounding variable D.constant variable Question 46 of 75 2.0 Points "There will be differences in degree of mood elevation seen in depressed clients after receiving either cognitive-behavioral or psychoanalytic therapy." During a test of this hypothesis, it was discovered that some of the participants lived with family members while others lived alone. This variable, the living situation, is a/an A.independent variable B.dependent variable. C.constant variable D.confounding variable Question 47 of 75 2.0 Points Penny Poodle wanted to know which dog obedience training program was more effective: Puppy Pride, the approach she has been using for many years, or Doggie Do-right, a new approach. Penny convinced 50 human companions of untrained dogs to participate in her study. The dogs and their humans were randomly assigned to complete the Puppy Pride or Doggy Do-right course. At the end of the training programs, all of the dogs were scored on their level of obedience on a standardized dog obedience checklist (scores could range from 10 to 100). This study employed a/an ________ design A.one-shot experimental B.ex post facto C.post-test only control group design D.within subjects Question 48 of 75 2.0 Points Dr. Robbins wants to know if there are different opinions regarding the value of public school education between Native Americans who have at least one relative who attended Indian Boarding School and Native Americans who have no family experience with Indian Boarding School. Dr. Robbins contacts 35 Native American participants in each group. He wants each group to include younger as well as older adults, and a mix of male and female participants. He asks each person to complete a survey about their attitudes toward public education. In this study, _______ is the independent variable A.score on the attitude toward public schools measure B.experience with Indian boarding school C.gender of participant D.age of participant Question 49 of 75 2.0 Points When considering general criteria for high quality research projects, replicability refers to A.the fact that the research design allows the researcher to control those factors that are central to the success of the project B.the fact that another researcher, using the same procedures under the same circumstances to research the same question, would obtain comparable results C.the fact that a well-design research project could be carried out by any competent researcher, it does not rely on a specific individual D.the fact that the phenomena of interest must be quantified in some systematic way Question 50 of 75 2.0 Points In ___________ the researcher studies the deep meaning an event or situation holds for other people. A.phenomenology B.ethnography C.grounded theory D.content analysis Question 51 of 75 2.0 Points In surveys, adolescents claim that they begin drinking because of peer pressure. In observing adolescent groups, however, you rarely see an adolescent offer another student a drink or ask another student whether they would like to drink. You predict that peer pressure is NOT the primary reason that adolescents drink alcohol. You have just formulated a(n) A.theory B.hypothesis C.observation D.variable Question 52 of 75 2.0 Points It has been proposed that students in online classes procrastinate when it comes to homework. Specifically, it has been predicted that there will be more late work submissions in online classes then there will be in face to face classes. The first statement describes the _______________, while the second is the _______________: A.design of the study, research method B.theory, hypothesis C.hypothesis, theory D.prediction, procedure Question 53 of 75 2.0 Points A college professor wants to determine which teaching technique is associated with higher grade point averages in his classes. He comes up with a hypothesis and conducts an experiment. What kind of research is this? A.applied research B.basic research C.education research D.hypothetical research Question 54 of 75 2.0 Points Hypothesis are more common in ____________ research whereas research questions are more common in____________resea rch. A.experimental; quantitative B.qualitiative; experimental C.experimental; qualitative D.qualitative; quantitative Question 55 of 75 2.0 Points This kind of experiment uses random assignment A.developmental research B.ex post facto research C.grounded theory research D.experimental research Question 56 of 75 2.0 Points A college professor, in an attempt to limit cheating, has made four versions of the same test from a test bank of questions. To the extent that the four versions of the test yeild similar results is called A.criterion validity B.equivalent forms reliability C.test re-test reliability D.contruct validity Question 57 of 75 2.0 Points This kind or qualitative research design is useful to gain an understanding of a specific, intact, sociocultural group A.phenomenological B.case study C.grounded theory D.ethnographic Question 58 of 75 2.0 Points This kind of qualitative research design is useful to gain an understanding of the possible influence of family valuses on gender stereotypes A.phenomenological B.case study C.grounded theory D.content analysis Question 59 of 75 2.0 Points Most research involves a sample of people to be studied. Qualitative researchers tend to select a sample_____________ A.randomly B.nonrandomly C.naturally D.unnaturally Question 60 of 75 2.0 Points When two variables move down in value in relation to each other we call this a__________________: A.negative correlation B.positive correlation C.partial correlation D.biserial correlation Question 61 of 75 2.0 Points The z score, or standard score, allows the researcher to determine A.how far a target individual's score is from the group mean B.what percentage of individuals in the sample scored above the target individual C.the mean for the population based on the mean for the sample D.what percentage of individuals in the sample scored below the target individual Question 62 of 75 2.0 Points Dr. Research is concerned that pretests may have an influence on posttest scores. To control this problem she conducts a (n)___________: A.alternating treatment design B.quasi-experimental design C.ex post facto design D.Solomon four group design Question 63 of 75 2.0 Points What is the key differnece between a posttest only control group design and a static group comparison? A.a posttest B.a pretest C.sample size D.random assignment Question 64 of 75 2.0 Points This kind of design is often confused with correlational and experimental designs because it involves looking at existing circumstances AND it has clear independent and dependent variables A.nonrandomized two factor design B.multiple baseline design C.quasi experimental design D.ex post facto design Question 65 of 75 2.0 Points When writing the research report, the research problem is typically described in the _______ section A.introduction B.review of literature C.method D.results Question 66 of 75 2.0 Points When writing the research report, information regarding the study design is typically included in the _____ section. A.introduction B.review of literature C.method D.results Question 67 of 75 2.0 Points Copies of the survey instruments are included in the A.front matter B.methodology C.appendices D.body of the report Question 68 of 75 2.0 Points Which type of measurement allows us to rank-order data? A.Nominal scale B.Ordinal scale C.Interval scale D.Ratio scale Question 69 of 75 2.0 Points If we observe a specific occurance within a sample of people and then we make a conclusion about the entire population of people based on this occurance, what kind of reasoning are we using? A.inductive B.deductive C.hypothetical D.scientific Question 70 of 75 2.0 Points When you are doing a liturature review and you come accross a summary of a research study that also provides the source of the original study, you are looking at a (n)______________. A.journal summary B.index summary C.liturature summary D.abstract Question 71 of 75 2.0 Points A good liturature review will _____________. A.provide a theoretical base B.help generate hypothesis C.tell you what is not known D.all the above Question 72 of 75 2.0 Points All of the following are strategies to increase external validity except A.real life settings B.representative sample C.replication D.triangulation Question 73 of 75 2.0 Points Double-blind experiments help increase___________ _: A.external validity B.the Hawthorne effect C.internal validity D.reliability Question 74 of 75 2.0 Points Most reserach involves a sample of people to be studied. Quantitative researchers tend to select a sample_____________: A.randomly B.nonrandomly C.naturally D.unnaturally Question 75 of 75 2.0 Points This kind of study is particularly useful for determining how a person changes over time A.descriptive study B.peronality study C.personological study D.case study [Show More]

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