Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

Document Content and Description Below

When air temperature exceeds their body temperature, jackrabbits living in hot, arid lands will A) dilate the blood vessels in their large ears. B) constrict the blood vessels in their large ears. ... C) increase movements to find a sunny area. D) bask in a sunny, exposed area. E) begin involuntary shivering of their skeletal muscles. Answer: B Topic: Overview Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) Which choice best describes a reasonable evolutionary mechanism for animal structures becoming better suited to specific functions? A) Animals that eat the most food become the most abundant. B) Animals that restrict their food intake will become less abundant. C) Animals with mutations that give rise to effective structures will become more abundant. D) Animals with inventions that curtail reproduction will become more abundant. E) Animals with parents that continually improve their offspringȇs structures will become more abundant. Answer: C Topic: Concept 40.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 3) Evolutionary adaptations that help diverse animals exchange matter with the environment include A) gastrovascular activity, two-layered body, and torpedo shape. B) external respiratory surface, small size, and two-layered body. C) large volume, long tubular body, and wings. D) complex internal structures, small size, and large surface area. E) unbranched internal surface, small size, and thick covering. Answer: B Topic: Concept 40.1 Skill: Application/Analysis ȱȱȱȱ851 4) Similar fusiform body shapes are seen in sharks, penguins, and aquatic mammals because A) natural selection has no limits when different organisms face the same challenge. B) respiration through gills is enhanced by having a fusiform shape. C) the laws of physics constrain the shapes that are possible for aquatic animals that swim very fast. D) the fusiform shape is coded by the same gene in all three types of animals. E) all three types evolved from ancestral forms that fly in the air. Answer: C Topic: Concept 40.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 5) Regarding the evolution of specialized animal structures, A) the environment imposes identical problems on all animals regardless of where they are found. B) the evolution of structure in an animal is influenced by its ability to learn. C) the simplest animals are those with the most recent appearance among the biota. D) short-term adjustments to environmental changes are often mediated by physiological organ systems. E) the most complex animals are the ones with the most ancient evolutionary origin. Answer: D Topic: Concept 40.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 6) All animals, whether large or small, have A) an external body surface that is dry. B) a basic body plan that resembles a two-layered sac. C) a body surface covered with hair to keep them warm. D) the ability to enter dormancy when resources become scarce. E) all of their living cells surrounded by an aqueous medium. Answer: E Topic: Concept 40.1 Skill: Application/Analysis 7) As body size increases in animals, there is A) a decrease in the surface-to-volume ratio. B) no further reproduction in aqueous environments. C) the tendency for larger bodies to be more variable in metabolic rate. D) an increase in migration to tropical areas. E) a greater challenge to maintaining body warmth in cold environments. Answer: A Topic: Concept 40.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 852ȱȱȱȱȱChapter 40, Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function 8) To increase the effectiveness of exchange surfaces in the lungs and in the intestines, evolutionary pressures have A) increased the surface area available for exchange. B) increased the thickness of these linings. C) increased the number of cell layers. D) decreased the metabolic rate of the cells in these linings. E) increased the volume of the cells in these linings. Answer: A Topic: Concept 40.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 9) A specialized function shared by the many cells lining the lungs and the lumen of the gut is A) decreased oxygen demand due to the lack of oxygen in foods. B) increased exchange surface provided by their membranes. C) greater numbers of cell organelles contained within their cytoplasm. D) greater protection due to increased cellular mass. E) lowered basal metabolic rate due to cooperation between cells. Answer: B Topic: Concept 40.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 10) Interstitial fluid A) is the fluid inside the gastrovascular cavity of Hydra. B) is the internal environment found inside an animalȇs cells. C) is composed of blood. D) provides for the exchange of materials between blood and body cells. E) is found inside the small intestine. Answer: D Topic: Concept 40.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension [Show More]

Last updated: 3 years ago

Preview 1 out of 168 pages