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BIOL 1070 midterm 1 review .

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Nested Hierarchy: Groups of related organisms share suites of similar characteristics and the number of shared traits increases with relatedness. The higher order category must be suitable for th ... e lower order sublevels. Ex. Ecosystem refers to both physical environment and population of organisms. Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Evolution: What Is it?  genetic change  change in the allele frequencies of a population  not necessarily good or bad Why Study it?  To manage exploitation *we eat the big fish out of the population, that’s artificial/human selection  To understand mutating bacteria (antibiotic resistance) Unionid Larvae Mussels: Life Cycle: 1. Fertilization 2. Larva (Glochidia) 3. Fish Host 4. Juvenile 5. Adult Glochidia Larvae:  Cannot swim or crawl  Released by mussel, gets into fish gills (host), evolutionary characteristic  Attach to host Unionid Strategy #1: Bait Conglutinates:  The membrane in which the Glochidia are enclosed.  Method of infecting fish host  The conglutinate membrane resembles fish prey (lure), trick the fish.  On a line attached to the mussel.  Glochidia released from conglutinate membrane when fish approaches. Unionid Strategy #2: Host Capture  Mussel grips host and pumps Glochidia in Simple Lure:  Modified mantle tissue catch fish attention Complex Lure:  Mantle tissue mimics fish (host) prey Advantages and Disadvantages of Lure Complexity? Advantages Disadvantages Enables attraction of needed host fish for reproduction (obligate parasitism)  more complex the more specialized the host fish Mussels utilize more energy to develop complex lures (conglutinates) to attract needed host fish. Developmental Perspective: Different lure complexity, not necessarily “less evolved”, just not trying to attract the same host fish, or can reproduce with a larger variety of host fish, …requires less complexity. Ecological Perspective: Greater lure complexity dictates type of host fish, mimicry of host fish’s prey to trick  pump Glochidia  reproductive success (obligate parasitism phase). As complexity evolved, the more reproductively successful mussels survived and passed their genes. (small mutations over time). Veliger Larvae Mussels: Ex. Zebra Mussels [Show More]

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