Student Exploration: Polarity and Intermolecular Forces
Vocabulary: dipole, dipole-dipole force, dipole-induced dipole force, electronegativity,
intermolecular force, ionic bond, London dispersion force, molecule, nonp
...
Student Exploration: Polarity and Intermolecular Forces
Vocabulary: dipole, dipole-dipole force, dipole-induced dipole force, electronegativity,
intermolecular force, ionic bond, London dispersion force, molecule, nonpolar, nonpolar covalent
bond, partial charges, polar, polar covalent bond, valence electron
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using
the Gizmo.)
1. A big bully is having a tug-of-war with a small child.
There is a ball attached to the middle of the rope.
Toward whom will the ball move? Big Bully
2. Two equally strong kids are having a tug-of-war. What do you expect to happen to the ball in
this situation? The ball will stay in the middle, halfway between them
Gizmo Warm-up
Just like in a tug-of-war, atoms that are bonded to one another pull
on the electrons they share. In the Polarity and Intermolecular
Forces Gizmo, you will explore how these opposing forces relate to
bond types and the forces between molecules.
To begin, drag the Na (sodium) and Cl (chlorine) atoms into the simulation area. Turn on Show
valence electrons. A valence electron is found in the outermost energy level of the atom.
1. Click Play ( ). What do you notice? The Na atoms shrink, and the Ci expands. The
orange valence electron moves from the Na to the Ci atom.
2. Which atom seems to be pulling more on the sodium’s one valence electron? Chlorine
How do you know? The chlorine atom won the tug of war for the valence electron.
3. What happens to the colors of the simulated atoms, and what does this indicate?
The Na atoms turn blue, indicating a positive charge the Ci atom turns red indicating
a negative charge.
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