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NCLEX Prep II Gastrointestinal Medications 2022 Solution/ With Rationales

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The nurse is administering senna to an older client. What is the expected result of this medication? 1. It increases peristalsis. 2. It lines the wall of the bowel. 3. It adds fiber and bulk to ... the stool. 4. It stimulates the vagus nerve to improve bowel tone. (ANS - It increases peristalsis. Rationale:Senna works by altering the transport of water and electrolytes in the large intestine, which causes accumulation of water in the mass of stool and increased peristalsis. The other options are incorrect actions for this medication. The nurse has given instructions to a client who has just been prescribed cholestyramine. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction? 1."I will continue taking vitamin supplements." 2."This medication will help to lower my cholesterol." 3."This medication should only be taken with water." 4."A high-fiber diet is important while taking this medication." (ANS - "This medication should only be taken with water." Rationale: Cholestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower the cholesterol level, and client compliance is a problem because of its taste and palatability. The use of flavored products or fruit juices can improve the taste. Some side effects of bile acid sequestrants include constipation and decreased vitamin absorption. A client admitted to the medical nursing unit has a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Metoclopramide has been prescribed 4 times a day. When should the nurse schedule administration of the medication? 1.Every 8 hours 2.With meals and at bedtime 3.Right after meals and at bedtime 4.30 minutes before meals and at bedtime (ANS - 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime Rationale: Metoclopramide is a gastrointestinal stimulant. Administration should be scheduled 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime to allow the medication time to begin working before food intake and digestion. The other options are incorrect. A client taking an oral laxative wants to obtain a rapid effect from the medication. How should the nurse instruct the client to take the medication? 1.At bedtime 2.With breakfast 3.With the noon meal 4.On an empty stomach (ANS - On an empty stomach Rationale: Most rapid results from an oral laxative occur when it is taken on an empty stomach. If taken at bedtime, the client will have a bowel movement in the morning. It will not have a rapid effect if taken with a meal. [Show More]

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