BIOCHEM C785 Final Exam Latest update, Answered

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BIOCHEM C785 Final Exam Latest update, Answered-Which mRNA sequence results in a polypeptide that contains three amino acids? 5' - CUU GAU ACU UAG - 3' 5' - UAU GCC CUA CGA - 3' 5' - AUC CAG U ... AA AAG - 3' 5' - GUC UGA CAC CGG - 3' - 5' - CUU GAU ACU UAG - 3' Which RNA sequence would end in the following polypeptide? Phe-Thr-Val-Stop 5' - UUC ACA GUA UAA - 3' 5' - UUU UAU GUU UGG - 3' 5' - UUC CAU UGA GUA - 3' 5' - AAU AUG ACA CUU - 3' - 5' - UUC ACA GUA UAA - 3' What is the complementary sequence for the following DNA sequence? 5' - GCC ATC TCG AAT - 3' 5' - CGG TAG AGC TTA - 3' 5' - ATT CGA GAT GGC - 3' 5' - TAA CGA GAT CCG - 3' 5' - CGG ATG TCG TTA - 3' - 5' - ATT CGA GAT GGC - 3' Assuming 100% reaction efficiency, how many DNA copies are created after the completion of four complete PCR cycles? 24 16 8 4 - 16 What is the function of DNA polymerase in the process of PCR? It separates the two DNA strands so that replication may occur. It recognizes the primers and uses the available dNTPs to replicate the template DNA sequence. It synthesizes primers and uses the available dNTPs to replicate the template DNA sequence. It links the products of PCR together to generate a complete strand. - It recognizes the primers and uses the available dNTPs to replicate the template DNA sequence. 5' - [...] ATT CGC TAG GGC [...] - 3' − Normal DNA 5' - [...] ATT CGC GAG GGC [...] - 3' − Mutant DNA Which type of mutation and outcome characterizes the Mutant DNA? A missense mutation leading to a longer protein A nonsense mutation leading to a longer protein A nonsense mutation leading to a shorter protein A missense mutation leading to a shorter protein - A missense mutation leading to a longer protein In sickle-cell disease, the glutamic acid (Glu) at position number seven is mutated to valine (Val). What change in codons corresponds to this mutation? GAA to GTA GAA to GAT GAC to GTC GGU to GTT - GAA to GTA What are possible blood types of the parents of a patient with blood type AB? A and A A and B B and O AB and O - A and B Studies have shown that increased expression of two genes called SIRT1 and SIRT2 is associated with chronic exposure to cocaine and contributes to drug addiction. What difference in the regions of the SIRT1 and SIRT2 genes in people addicted to cocaine increases their expression? The DNA bases are chemically modified with methyl groups. The nucleosomes become more widely spaced. Transcription factors have less access to the promoter region. RNA polymerase cannot bind better to the terminator region - The nucleosomes become more widely spaced. Mice with low levels of agouti gene expression tend to have yellow fur and are obese, while mice with higher levels of expression are brown and of normal weight. Studies show that expression of the agouti gene in mice can be controlled by epigenetics. What scenario describes epigenetic regulation of the agouti gene? Mother mice fed methyl-rich diets during pregnancy give birth to offspring with decreased agouti gene expression compared to those fed a methyl-poor diet. Mice with one allele in the agouti gene produce more agouti protein compared to mice with a different allele. A mother mouse exposed to radiation acquires a mutation in the agouti gene that makes a defective agouti protein in her offspring. A mouse that acquires a spontaneous mutation in a transcription factor is able to more easily activate the agouti gene than mice without the mutation. - Mother mice fed methyl-rich diets during pregnancy give birth to offspring with decreased agouti gene expression compared to those fed a methyl-poor diet. Oxidative damage to DNA can often result in the alteration of a single nucleotide. Which DNA repair mechanism would repair this type of damage? Base excision repair DNA photolyase repair Nucleotide excision repair Mismatch repair - Base excision repair Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a recessive genetic disease that occurs when one or more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision repair are nonfunctional. Why do XP patients have a much higher incidence of skin cancer than the general population? The mutated nucleotide excision gene products increase cell proliferation. The mutated nucleotide excision gene products induce a higher mutation rate in other genes. The mutation rate of all other genes is higher due to failure to repair. [Show More]

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