June 2019 MS - Paper 2 AQA Geography A-level.

Annotations ? Unclear [ Left Square Bracket ] Right Square Bracket ^ Omission mark Acc? Poor accuracy AO1 Assessment Objective 1 AO2 Assessment Objective 2 DP Developed point EVAL Evaluation H Line Text, Horizo ...

Annotations ? Unclear [ Left Square Bracket ] Right Square Bracket ^ Omission mark Acc? Poor accuracy AO1 Assessment Objective 1 AO2 Assessment Objective 2 DP Developed point EVAL Evaluation H Line Text, Horizontal line that can be expanded JUST level or point just awarded L1 Level one L2 Level two L3 Level three L4 Level four NAQ Not answered question NC Nothing Creditworthy SEEN Indicates that the point has been noted, but no credit has been given. Tick Correct point TV Too vague V Wavy Text, Vertical Wavy line that can be expanded Highlight Highlight 4 MARK SCHEME – A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY – 7037/2 – JUNE 2019 On Page Comment On Page Comment Off Page Comment Off Page Comment MAX MAX 5 MARK SCHEME – A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY – 7037/2 – JUNE 2019 Section A Qu Part Marking guidance Total marks 01 1 Explain how trade agreements are a factor in globalisation. Point marked Allow 1 mark per valid point with extra mark(s) for developed points (d). For example: Notes for answers Allow credit for specific knowledge and understanding of what trade agreements are and how they lead to globalisation. Candidates may also consider that trade agreements have occurred as a result of globalisation. • Trade agreements are formed by countries joining together to form a trade bloc that encourages trade between themselves and promotes economic co-operation (1), for example NAFTA (1) (d). • Trade agreements are a factor in globalisation by encouraging trade across a number of countries. This may lead to increased investment from other countries (1) for example Audi has built a factory in Mexico in order to gain access to other NAFTA countries (1). • Trade agreements can lead to people moving more freely to seek work in the trading bloc (1). This encourages globalisation by increasing links between countries as often supporting goods and services will follow (1) (d). • Bilateral agreements allow trade between two countries and can therefore enable greater flow of goods and labour between the two countries (1). • Without trade agreement some countries wouldn’t trade with others (1). Therefore, agreements such as the WTO which covers trade in goods, services and designs (1) (d) help trade flow freely by providing a forum for negotiations encouraging trade across the globe (1) (d). • However, it can also be argued that trade agreements are necessary because of globalisation (1). Countries need to act as bloc to be able to negotiate on a global scale due to unequal power (1) (d). The notes for answers are not exhaustive. Credit any valid points. Credit given for how lack of agreements, e.g. quotas and tariffs, will act against globalisation. 4 AO1 = 4 6 MARK SCHEME – A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY – 7037/2 – JUNE 2019 01 2 Analyse the data shown in Figure 1. AO3 – Analysis of the infographic to show patterns of world trade for the global leading exporters. Mark scheme Level 2 (4–6 marks) AO3 – Clear analysis of the quantitative and qualitative evidence provided which makes appropriate use of data to support. Clear connections between different aspects of the data. Level 1 (1–3 marks) AO3 – Basic analysis of the quantitative and qualitative evidence provided which makes limited use of data to support. Basic or limited connections between different aspects of the data. Notes for answers This question requires analysis of the patterns of trade shown by the trip lines. There should be analysis of the patterns of imports and exports. AO3 Most regions tend to predominantly trade with their nearest neighbours. For example, the US mainly trades with Canada and Mexico. • This is particularly the case for exports. In Germany over 75% of its exports are within Europe. Nearly all of Mexico’s exports appear to be going to the USA. • However, some countries do not follow this pattern and exports are sent further away. China exports goods all over the world. Saudi Arabia also has a much broader range of export destinations. • In respect of the trading relationships shown it appears that most countries appear to import more than they export. This might be linked to the large surplus of exports over imports indicated for a few countries such as China and Saudi Arabia. • Most countries tend to more diverse in the origin of imports. For example, the Netherlands receive products from across the globe, having flow lines from all the regions except Australasia. Australasia only exports to Asia Pacific and China. • Volume of trade is much greater amongst the HICs and China. • They may note that only leading trade partners are shown, for example no African countries are shown. Credit any other valid analysis. 6 AO3 = 6 7 MARK SCHEME – A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY – 7037/2 – JUNE 2019 01 3 Using Figure 2 and your own knowledge, to what extent do you agree that the UN is able to promote development? AO1 – Knowledge and understanding of the attempts by the UN to promote development. AO2 – Applies knowledge and understanding to the novel situation to analyse and evaluate the extent to which the UN has been successful in promoting development. Mark scheme Level 2 (4–6 marks) AO1 – Demonstrates clear knowledge and understanding of concepts, processes, interactions and change. AO2 – Applies knowledge and understanding to the novel situation offering clear analysis and evaluation drawn appropriately from the context provided. Connections and relationships between different aspects of study are evident with clear relevance. Level 1 (1–3 marks) AO1 – Demonstrates basic knowledge and understanding of concepts, processes, interactions, change. AO2 – Applies limited knowledge and understanding to the novel situation offering basic analysis and evaluation drawn from the context provided. Connections and relationships between different aspects of study are basic with limited relevance. Notes for answers This question requires knowledge of the UN and its success in global governance. Answers should show awareness of the extent to which the UN has promoted development through achieving the Millennium goals. AO1 • The UN works to promote development by fostering co-operation between countries and regions. It was set up in 1945 with several goals including maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development and upholding international law and has been involved in a diverse range of areas such as the environment, food supply, justice and eradication of poverty. • The Millennium Development Goals are 8 anti-poverty targets set in 2000 by the United Nations Development Programme. Their aim was to reduce poverty across the globe by 2015. They have now been replaced with the Sustainable Development Goals, whi