NURSING > EXAM > MED SURG 201-Section 2 Final Exam Practice Questions KEY-graded A (All)

MED SURG 201-Section 2 Final Exam Practice Questions KEY-graded A

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1. An EKG shows a peaked T wave. Which electrolyte imbalance do this reading correspond to? A. Hypernatremia B. Hypokalemia C. Hypercalcemia D. Hyperkalemia 2. Peaked T waves are signs of elevated potassium levels. Flattened T waves are signs of low levels of potassium. What does P-wave represent in an EKG? A. Depolarization of right and left atria B. Ventricular repolarization C. Depolarization of right and left ventricles D. Indication of MI 3. P wave represents depolarization of right and left atria. QRS complex represents depolarization of the right and left ventricle. T wave represents ventricular repolarization. If ST segment is elevated it can be indicator of an MI 4. A patient with COPD is experiencing extreme shortness of breath and asks for their inhaler. What type of inhaler ordered by the doctor would provide the fastest relief for the patient? A. Salmeterol B. Symbicort C. Albuterol D. Spiriva Albuterol is a short-acting beta2-agonist that provides rapid relief. This will provide bronchospasm relief. Salmeterol is a long-acting inhaler used to control asthma. Spiriva does relieve bronchospasm but it is not short-acting. Symbicort does not provide immediate relief. 5. A nurse is discussing patient teaching to a patient with COPD. Which patient teaching would be appropriate for a nursing diagnosis of impaired breathing pattern related to anxiety? A. Teach patient how to use pursed-lip breathing B. Titrate O2 to keep saturation at 90% C. Increase breathing rate to prevent hypoxemia D. Discuss high-caloric diet with patient Pursed-lip breathing helps prolong the expiratory phase of respirations decreasing the air trapped. Patient does not need to keep O2 saturation titrated. The other options are not appropriate for patient. 6. To decrease the patient’s sense of panic during an acute asthma attack, what is the best action for the nurse to do? A. Leave the patient alone to rest in a quiet, calm environment. B. Stay with the patient and encourage slow, pursed lip breathing. C. Reassure the patient that the attack can be controlled with treatment. D. Let the patient know that frequent monitoring is being done using measurement of vital signs and SpO2. B. The patient in an acute asthma attack is very anxious and fearful. It is important to stay with the patient and interact in a calm, unhurried manner. 7. The nurse recognizes that additional teaching is needed when the patient with asthma says A. “I should exercise every day if my symptoms are controlled.” B. “I may use over-the-counter bronchodilator drugs occasionally if I develop chest tightness.” C. “I should inform my spouse about my medications and how to get help if I have a severe asthma attack.” D. “A diary to record my medication use, symptoms, peak expiratory flow rates, and activity levels will help in adjusting my therapy.” B. Nonprescription drugs should not be used by patients with asthma because of dangers associated with rebound bronchospasm, interactions with prescribed drugs, and undesirable side effects. CONTINUED.........

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