Which of the following should be the primary focus of early language intervention for at-risk
infants?
A.Establishing object permanence through play activities
B.Training primary caregivers to facilitate language lear
...
Which of the following should be the primary focus of early language intervention for at-risk
infants?
A.Establishing object permanence through play activities
B.Training primary caregivers to facilitate language learning
C.Creating readiness activities in the context of play
D.Enhancing social communication through play activities - ✔✔Option (B) is correct. Early
language stimulation in at-risk infants is best provided by primary caregivers who have been
trained in practices that promote learning.
The figure above shows the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal structures involved in swallowing.
Which of the following best describes the transit of the bolus at the moment depicted in the
figure?
A.The bolus is traveling through the esophagus.
B.The bolus is being propelled from the oral cavity by the tongue and has entered the pharynx.
C.The bolus has passively exited the oral cavity without propulsion by the tongue.
D.Laryngeal penetration of some of the bolus is evident. - ✔✔Option (B) is correct. The tongue
is in contact with the entire anterior and most of the mid to posterior hard palate. Furthermore,
the bolus head has passed the epiglottis and is descending into the hypopharynx.
Primary motor innervation to the larynx and velum is provided by which cranial nerve?
A.V
B.VII
C.IXD. X - ✔✔Option (D) is correct. Primary innervation to the larynx and velum is provided by
cranial nerve X, the vagus nerve. The other answer choices identify cranial nerves that are not
primarily involved in motor innervation to the larynx and velum.
GOT WRONG
Fela is a third-grade student in a public school. She is a speaker of African American Vernacular
English (AAVE) who has difficulty with the Standard American English (SAE) dialect used in
her classroom. Her teacher believes that Fela's language skills are affecting her academic
performance and has referred her to the school's speech-language pathologist. Which of the
following is an appropriate rationale for providing language intervention for Fela?
Select all that apply.
A.It will likely foster better communication with Fela's linguistically and culturally diverse
peers.
B.It will likely improve Fela's code-switching ability with her teacher and other adult speakers of
SAE.
C.It may expand Fela's later academic and vocational opportunities.
D.It will likely lead Fela to adopt SAE as her primary dialect. - ✔✔Options (A), (B), and (C) are
correct. The intervention will foster better communication because Fela and her peers will have a
common dialect. Also, the intervention will provide Fela with the ability to switch easily
between dialects using SAE structures. Furthermore, being able to switch codes will enable Fela
to participate in more educational and vocational opportunities.
Federal laws regarding freedom of access to information stipulate that client records kept or
written by health care professionals can be
A.reviewed only by other health-care professionals
B.reviewed only by the clients themselves unless the client provides written permission to share
with others
C.reviewed by anyone who submits a formal written request
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