Kohlberg's theory of moral development includes 3 progressive levels culminating in...
A. self-actualization, wherein the individual is fully humanistic.
B. principled thought, wherein the individual adopts a self- acc
...
Kohlberg's theory of moral development includes 3 progressive levels culminating in...
A. self-actualization, wherein the individual is fully humanistic.
B. principled thought, wherein the individual adopts a self- accepted set of standards of
behavior.
C. androgyny, wherein the individual exhibits both male and female stereotypic behaviors.
D. personhood, wherein the individual is free from moral dilemmas. - ✔✔B
A professional counselor determines fees for monthly consultation services on a job-by-job
basis. This is an example of which of the following types of reinforcement schedules?
A. variable interval
B. fixed interval
C. variable ratio
D. fixed ratio - ✔✔C
Research on the development of a person in a so-called "humanistic life outlook" has shown that
it is facilitated by
A. formal educational experiences.
B. observational learning experiences.
C. diverse interpersonal interactions.
D. all of the above. - ✔✔D
When persons who are characteristically shy and withdrawn participate in "assertiveness
training," initially they experience uncertainty and self-doubt. Counselors refer to this social
psychological concept as
A. cognitive dissonance.
B. dissociation.C. individuation.
D. acculturation - ✔✔A
"Men (used here to mean all people) are disturbed not by things, but by the view which they take
of them." This quote, attributable to Epictetus, most closely describes the counseling theory
developed by
A. Rogers.
B. Carkhuff.
C. Freud.
D. Ellis. - ✔✔D
The counseling technique in which the counselor intensifies the client's emotional state in order
to help the client understand the irrationality of the emotional reaction is known as
A. confrontation.
B. paradoxical intention.
C. systematic desensitization.
D. reconfiguration. - ✔✔B
Counselors know that groups are formed for different purposes. For example, in some groups the
primary goal is to yield some specified outcome, or "product," while in others the primary goal is
to focus on the "process" of interaction within the group. Which of the following types of groups
is more product than process oriented?
A. Behavioral
B. Transactional-analysis
C. Adlerian
D. Client-centered - ✔✔A
In the context of group counseling, members that are high in conformity also tend to be high in
A. independence.
B. authoritarianism.C. intelligence.
D. superiority. - ✔✔B
A counselor who structures a career counseling group to help group members understand a
"fields and levels" approach to careers is following the theory of
A. Super.
B. Roe.
C. Holland.
D. Tiedeman. - ✔✔B
The concept of "career maturity" has been described and researched most extensively by
A. Crites.
B. Hoyt.
C. Tiedeman.
D. Ginzberg. - ✔✔A
Person A and Person B both took the same test. Person A got a score of 100 while Person B got a
score of 75. In order for a counselor to determine whether the difference between their scores
was because of "chance," the counselor would need to know which of the following
characteristics of the test?
A. mean
B. standard deviation
C. standard error of measurement
D. standard error of the mean - ✔✔C
A counselor conducted a study intended to evaluate the effectiveness of on-going group career
counseling on the vocational maturity of high school sophomores. The study was begun in
September and continued until June. This study is partcularly susceptible to which of the
following threats to the validity of an experiment?
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