A patient with a long-standing dermatological health problem has been advised to use a drug with a local effect. The nurse should recognize what characteristic of this drug?
A patient with an autoimmune disorder
...
A patient with a long-standing dermatological health problem has been advised to use a drug with a local effect. The nurse should recognize what characteristic of this drug?
A patient with an autoimmune disorder has just been prescribed a synthetic drug. Which of the following characteristics is a noted advantage of synthetic drugs?
A patient's current medication administration record includes a drug that the nurse recognizes as an Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) high-alert medication. This designation signals the nurse to what characteristic of the drug?
A nurse is aware that American drug laws have a long and complex history, with numerous jurisdictions being involved. What is the primary purpose of drug laws in the United States?
A patient is confused about her care provider's advice and has stated to the nurse, “I wasn't sure whether he recommended Tylenol or whether he recommended acetaminophen.” The nurse should include which of the following information in an explanation of generic and trade names?
A patient is administered morphine. Morphine is a prototypical drug that can be classified in different ways. Which of the following classifications applies to morphine?
A nursing student in a pharmacology class should be encouraged to study the medications according to which categorization?
An 85-year-old patient has an elevated serum creatinine level, indicating impaired kidney function. When the patient is administered a medication, this patient is at risk for which of the following medication-related effects?
A patient in cardiovascular collapse requires pharmacological interventions involving a rapid drug action and response. What route of administration is most likely appropriate?
A patient who is 6 feet tall and weighs 280 pounds will require which of the following doses?
A patient is suffering from a cough associated with an upper respiratory infection. Which oral medication will likely produce the most therapeutic effect?
A nurse is preparing to simultaneously administer two drugs to a patient. The nurse knows that the drugs have been ordered to be given together because of their synergistic effect. This means that
Protein binding is an important aspect of pharmacokinetics. Protein binding ultimately has which of the following effects on drug action?
A patient is administered an oral contraceptive. Which of the following is the process that occurs between the time the drug enters the body and the time that it enters the bloodstream?
A patient requires a high dose of his new antihypertensive medication because the new medication has a significant first-pass effect. This means that the drug
The administration of anabolic steroids is regulated by which of the following laws?
A woman has been prescribed paroxetine hydrochloride, which is an antidepressant agent administered in pill form. The medication is administered for her obsessive-compulsive disorder. This medication will produce which of the following effects?
•
A patient has been prescribed an antibiotic. This medication is a naturally occurring substance that has been chemically modified. What is another name for this type of medication?
A hospital nurse is vigilant in ensuring the safe use of medications and consistently applies the rights of medication administration. Which of the following is one of the traditional rights of medication administration?
In Phase I clinical trials, the potential uses and effects of a new drug are determined by which of the following methods?
Which organization is responsible for approving new drugs in the United States?
A patient older than 65 years is more likely to experience drug reaction than a much younger patient. Which of the following factors accounts for this variation?
A patient requires a high dose of his new antihypertensive medication because the new medication has a significant first-pass effect. This means that the drug
A patient with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder has begun lithium therapy, and the nurse has explained the need for regular monitoring of the patient's serum drug levels. What is the primary rationale for the nurse's instruction?
A patient tells the nurse, “I took my sleeping pill yesterday evening, but it didn't seem to work for me like it usually does.” The nurse should consider which of the following variables that can affect drug absorption? Select all that apply.
A nurse is preparing to simultaneously administer two drugs to a patient. The nurse knows that the drugs have been ordered to be given together because of their synergistic effect. This means that
A nurse has provided an oral dose of morphine, an opioid agonist, to a woman in early labor. The nurse should be aware of what characteristic of agonists?
A patient is taking a medication that is metabolized by the CYP enzymes. Which of the following medications inhibits several of the CYP enzymes?
Which cellular structure stores hormones and other substances and packages these substances into secretory granules?
A nurse who provides care on a postsurgical unit frequently administers Schedule II drugs to patients. Which of the following aspects of administering these drugs falls under the auspices of the Drug Enforcement Agency?
A new medication for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease is being administered to a group of subjects with the disease. The subjects receiving this medication are unaware of whether they are being administered the medication or whether they are receiving a placebo. This testing occurs in which phase of the drug approval process?
A nurse is responsible for maintaining an accurate count and record of the controlled substances on the nursing unit. This nursing action is regulated by which of the following laws or agencies?
A patient is administered amoxicillin (Amoxil). The generic name of this medication indicates that it belongs to which drug group?
A nurse is aware that the dosing scheduling of a patient's new medication takes into account the serum half-life of the drug. What is the serum half-life of a medication?
Which of the following sites of drug absorption is considered to have an exceptionally large surface area for drug absorption?
A patient has been brought to the emergency department by ambulance, and his friend states that he has overdosed on methadone, a long-acting opioid. The care team is preparing to administer the appropriate antidote, naloxone, which has a shorter half-life than methadone. What are the implications of this aspect of pharmacokinetics?
The administration of diphenhydramine (Benadryl), which is an over-the-counter medication, is regulated by which government agency?
Trials of a new drug are scheduled to soon begin and the testing methodology will integrate the stipulations of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Revitalization Act. According to this act, the manufacturer must
A nurse is aware of the importance of adhering to the intended route of a medication. Which of the following drugs are formulated to be absorbed through the skin?
Which of the following reference books provides information from the drug manufacturers' inserts?
Quiz 2
•
A nurse at a long-term care facility is surprised to learn that a new resident's medication administration record runs four pages in length. The nurse knows that polypharmacy carries which of the following risks for older adults? Select all that apply.
• Question 2
6.667 out of 6.667 points
A nurse has noted that an older adult patient on an acute care for elders (ACE) unit has an exceptionally lengthy medication administration record. The nurse has alerted the pharmacist because one of the patient's long-standing medications appears on the Beers list. What medication is the nurse likely addressing?
• Question 3
6.667 out of 6.667 points
A nurse is conducting a medication reconciliation of a woman who is newly admitted to a long-term care facility. When appraising the woman's medication regimen in light of the Beers Criteria, the nurse will look for
• Question 4
6.667 out of 6.667 points
A 69-year-old man has been prescribed a nitrate and a calcium channel blocker for the treatment of unstable angina. When performing health education to promote adherence to his medication regimen, the nurse should emphasize which of the following?
• Question 5
6.667 out of 6.667 points
A 90-year-old patient’s most recent blood work includes the following data: alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 1.99 μkat/L (high) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 3.1 μkat/L (high). What implication do these data have for the patient's pharmacokinetics?
• Question 6
6.667 out of 6.667 points
A nurse is reviewing a new patient's admission blood work, which indicates that the patient's glomerular filtration rate is 51 mL/min/1.73 m2 (low). What implication does this have for the patient's subsequent pharmacotherapy?
• Question 7
6.667 out of 6.667 points
A gerontological nurse is aware that older adults' abilities to excrete medications diminish with age. When appraising an older adult's ability to excrete medications, what laboratory or diagnostic finding should the nurse prioritize?
• Question 8
6.667 out of 6.667 points
Laboratory testing of an 80-year-old patient who is well-known to the clinic nurse indicates that his liver function has been gradually decreasing over the last several years. How will this age-related physiological change influence drug metabolism?
• Question 9
6.667 out of 6.667 points
A pediatric nurse confronts many challenges when providing medications to children and infants. Which of the following principles is most appropriate when administering medication to children?
• Question 10
6.667 out of 6.667 points
An infant's current weight indicates that the maximum safe dose of Tylenol is 30 mg by mouth. The physician orders 65 mg to be given, and the nurse administers Tylenol 65 mg. Who is legally responsible in the event that the infant has a toxic reaction to the medication?
• Question 11
6.667 out of 6.667 points
A patient who has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is being instructed on her medication regimen, diet, and exercise. She is having difficulty grasping information about when exactly she should administer insulin. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is most appropriate for this patient?
• Question 12
6.667 out of 6.667 points
Which of the following assessments should be made before administering a new medication?
• Question 13
6.667 out of 6.667 points
An 80-year-old patient with risk factors for thrombophlebitis is to be administered heparin 5000 units subcutaneously. The heparin vial is labeled 10,000 units/mL. How many milliliters will the nurse administer to the patient?
• Question 14
6.667 out of 6.667 points
The nurse has measured a patient's capillary blood glucose and is preparing to administer NPH insulin. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform?
• Question 15
6.667 out of 6.667 points
The physician orders potassium chloride 40 mEq to be added to the patient's IV solution. The vial reads 10 mEq/5 mL. How many milliliters will be added to the IV solution?
A nurse has called an elderly patient's surgeon to question the order for meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) for pain control. The nurse's action is prompted by the possibility of what adverse effect associated with the use of Demerol in older adults?
The daughter of an 80-year-old woman states that her mother has been taking alendronate (Fosamax) for several years for the treatment of osteoporosis. The daughter tells the nurse that her mother never had any complaints of nausea after taking this medication until recently. How should the nurse respond to the daughter's statement?
A nurse is teaching an 81-year-old man about the risk for potential adverse effects before he begins a course of antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection. What characteristic of older adults predisposes them to adverse drug reaction?
A patient is diagnosed with pneumonia and has been placed on antibiotics to treat the infection. Which of the following nursing actions will assist in increasing lung capacity?
A patient is being administered a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor to treat depression. Which of the following herbal supplements is contraindicated?
An 88-year-old woman has developed syncope (fainting) since an antihypertensive agent was added to her medication regime. The development of syncope may be related to which of the following physiologic processes?
A patient has informed the nurse that he has begun supplementing his medication regimen with a series of herbal remedies recommended by his sister-in-law. Which of the following is the most important nursing responsibility regarding herbal supplements?
A nurse begins a patient interaction by systematically gathering information on the patient's care and eventually evaluating the outcomes of care. Which of the following represents this continuum of care?
A 72-year-old woman with a 60-pack-year history of cigarette smoking has developed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has consequently been prescribed albuterol, a beta2-adrenergic agonist. When administering this medication, the nurse should be aware that
An 80-year-old woman has sought care for a dermatological health problem that most often requires treatment with an oral corticosteroid. When considering whether to prescribe steroids to this patient, the care provider should prioritize which of the following questions?
You have received an order for a medication to be administered buccally. Where is the medication administered?
The nurse makes an effort to provide high-quality care to patients by obtaining and analyzing the best available scientific research. This activity demonstrates an important component of which of the following?
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following herbal supplements is often combined with chondroitin to repair cartilage?
The nurse is repeatedly unsuccessful in starting an IV on a patient who requires antibiotic therapy. The physician then orders the patient to receive an oral antibiotic. What is the major disadvantage of the oral route over the parenteral route?
A gerontological nurse is aware that age is a salient variable that must be considered during pharmacotherapy in adults. However, the nurse knows that many other important variables must also be considered, including ethnicity. Members of which of the following ethnic groups typically require lower doses of many common medications?
The daughter of an 80-year-old woman states that her mother has been taking alendronate (Fosamax) for several years for the treatment of osteoporosis. The daughter tells the nurse that her mother never had any complaints of nausea after taking this medication until recently. How should the nurse respond to the daughter's statement?
Mrs. James has been taking a diuretic and a beta-blocker for the treatment of hypertension for the past several months. During her latest clinic visit, she states that she has been measuring her blood pressure regularly at her local drug store and she claims that it is usually in the range of 130/80 mm Hg. As a result, she states that she has cut down on her doses of both drugs. Mrs. James' actions should indicate what nursing diagnosis to the nurse?
A nurse is preparing to administer a patient's scheduled beta-adrenergic blocker. The nurse is aware that the patient is receiving this drug for the treatment of hypertension. The nurse has addressed which of the following rights of safe medication administration?
A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection of an older adult's seasonal influenza vaccination. What size needle should the nurse use to administer the injection?
Quiz 3
A woman has been unable to conceive for many months and will soon begin treatment with clomiphene (Clomid). What health education should the nurse provide to this patient?
A primiparous woman was vigilant in avoiding medications and herbs during her pregnancy and states that she is similarly committed to protecting her baby's health now that she is breast-feeding. What principle should guide the woman's use of medications while breast-feeding?
A pediatric nurse practitioner is aware that there are many knowledge gaps that still exist in the evidence base that underlies pediatric pharmacology. Many of these knowledge gaps are rooted in
An emergency department nurse is confirming that a child's ordered dose of IV analgesia is congruent with her body surface area (BSA). In order to calculate the child's BSA, the nurse must know which of the following variables? Select all that apply.
Which of the following laboratory tests relates most directly with the impaired drug elimination that is expected in neonates?
A 4-year-old boy is postoperative day one following surgery for trauma suffered in a motor vehicle accident. The boy is in pain, and the nurse is preparing to administer a dose of hydromorphone syrup as ordered. To administer this drug, the nurse should use
A neonate has been prescribed a water-soluble drug for the treatment of an acute infection. The nurse recognizes that the percentage of body water in an infant is significantly higher than that of an adult. What implication does this have for pharmacotherapy of an infant?
A nurse is preparing to administer a nebulized bronchodilator to a young child with asthma. The nurse should be aware that this child's dosage is based primarily on what characteristic of the child?
An infant's antiseizure medication has been ordered after careful consideration of the unique pharmacokinetics among this population. What characteristic of neonates has the greatest bearing on drug metabolism?
A pregnant woman asks why she needs to take a folic acid supplement. What is the nurse's best explanation for the administration of folic acid?
A woman was administered misoprostol (Cytotec) in an effort to induce labor, but the care team is unsatisfied with the results. Consequently, oxytocin will be used. Prior to administering oxytocin, what must occur?
A patient is being treated for preterm labor. Which beta-adrenergic medication is administered orally to decrease uterine contractions?
A woman is being administered IV magnesium sulfate. What is a desired outcome related to the administration of magnesium sulfate?
A public health nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection of a vaccine to an 8-year-old girl. The nurse recognizes that the child is uncharacteristically quiet and appears tense. The nurse should recognize the possibility of what nursing diagnosis?
A 3-year-old Asian American boy has had culture and sensitivity testing performed, and antibiotic treatment is indicated. The prescriber knows that the recommended antibiotic has not been extensively studied in pediatric patients. Consequently, the prescriber will be obliged to do which of the following?
A woman who takes highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV/AIDS has become pregnant. What effect will the woman's pregnancy have on her drug regimen?
A pregnant woman is experiencing nausea and vomiting in her first trimester of pregnancy. Which herbal agent has traditionally been used as an antiemetic?
A woman who began labor several hours ago is to be administered oxytocin. What is the goal of oxytocin therapy?
A woman who is in the first trimester of her pregnancy has told the nurse, “I've stopped taking my blood pressure pill because I know it could harm the baby. Instead, I've started taking natural and herbal remedies.” What nursing diagnosis is suggested by the woman's statement?
A couple have been trying unsuccessfully for nearly a year to become pregnant and have now sought fertility counseling. The nurse should be aware of what potential etiological factors related to infertility? Select all that apply.
An infant with recent seizures is being treated in the neonatal intensive care unit with phenytoin (Dilantin). The infant's low plasma protein levels during the first year of life have what consequence?
A 2-year-old girl with a recent history of idiopathic nausea and vomiting was prescribed promethazine (Phenergan) by her primary care provider. The immaturity of this child's gastrointestinal system will primarily influence what aspect of pharmacokinetics?
An infant who is 3 weeks old was born at full gestation but was just brought to the emergency department with signs and symptoms of failure to thrive. This pediatric patient will be classified into what pediatric age group?
The nurse has experienced challenges in administering a 3-year-old boy's oral antibiotics due to the boy's resistance. How can the nurse best ensure that this patient receives his necessary medication?
Significant pharmacodynamic variations exist between adult patients and pediatric patients. Which of the following factors are known to contribute to differences in the ways that drugs affect target cells in children and infants? Select all that apply.
A patient is receiving oxytocin (Pitocin). Which of the following is a maternal adverse effect of Pitocin?
A nurse is performing health education with a woman who has just learned that she is pregnant. The nurse has explained the concept of teratogenic drugs and emphasized the need to have her care provider assess any medications she should consider taking. The nurse should teach the woman that drug-induced teratogenicity is most likely to occur at what point in her pregnancy?
A woman in labor is being treated with magnesium sulfate intravenously and is beginning to show signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia. The infusion has been discontinued, and the nurse should anticipate administration of what drug?
When administering magnesium sulfate, for what should the nurse assess the patient?
A pediatric nurse is well aware of the many physiological variables that influence safe pharmacotherapy in patients younger than 18. Which of the following principles should the nurse integrate into care?
An infant's mother is reluctant for the nurse to administer a suppository to her baby, stating, “It just seems so terribly invasive.” What principle should guide the nurse's use of suppositories in infant patients?
Oral acetaminophen has been ordered for a young child who has a fever. A liquid form has been obtained by the nurse to increase the chance of problem-free administration. Prior to administration, the nurse is going through the rights of medication administration. When confirming the right dose, what term is most appropriate?
A woman who is 7 months pregnant is waking up at night with gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following medications is most highly recommended?
A woman in preterm labor has been administered terbutaline sulfate (Brethine). For what potential adverse effects should the nurse assess the patient?
A patient is being administered magnesium sulfate for preterm labor. The patient's serum magnesium level is elevated at 11 mg/dL. With what sign or symptom will the patient likely present?
A 9-year-old boy with severe influenza symptoms will be treated with ribavirin (Rebetol), an antiviral that is usually taken by adults twice daily in doses of 600 mg PO. After learning that the child's body surface area (BSA) is 1.10, the nurse will anticipate that the child will likely receive how much ribavirin for each dose?
1.) A nurse is responsible for maintaining an accurate count and record of the controlled substances on the nursing unit.
2.) The nurse has administered lacosamid (Vimpat) to the wrong patient. What is the first action the nurse should take?
3.) A nurse should prepare to give which medication for an opiodanalgestic overdose?
4.) Protamine sulfate is the antidote for what medication?
5.) When measuring medications for infants and children the nurse must use appropriate measuring devices graduated to tenths.
6.) Select the image below that depicts the ventrogluetal site for an intramuscular (IM) injection.
7.) The antidote for warfarin is
8.) An infant’s current weight indicates that the maximum safe dose of Tylenol is 30 mg by mouth. The physician orders 65 mg to be given, and the nurse administers Tylenol 65 mg. Who is legally responsible in the event that the infant has a toxic reaction to the medication?
9.) According to the graph below at what age does total body water plateau?
10.) A 3-month-old infant who receives fosphenytoin (Cerebyx) for a seizure disorder does not process this drug in the same ways an adult. Alterations in infant pharmacokinetics that influence the action include which of the following concepts?
11.) A patient cannot swallow medication, and the pharmacy has delivered an extended-release tablet. What is the most appropriate action taken by the nurse?
12.) An older adult’s most recent blood work reveals that his serum albumin level is 21 g/L (low). This will most influence what aspect of pharmacokinetics?
13.) Drugs that have no acceptable medical use, lack of accepted safety, and have high abuse potentials are considered Schedule II drugs under controlled substance categories.
14.) A nurse is preparing to administer a nebulized bronchodilator to a young child with asthma. The nurse should be aware that this child’s dosage is based primarily on what characteristic of the child?
15.) The “do not use” list of abbreviations and safe medication administration management using risk-reduction activities with medication labeling and use of anticoagulant medications was initiated by
16.) Select all the drugs that are known to produce adverse effects in older adults according to Beers Criteria.
17.) Increased hormones in pregnancy like estrogen and progesterone decrease metabolism and clearance of many drugs.
UESTION 1
1. Pediatric drug doses are determined strictly using the child’s weight.
True
False
QUESTION 2
1. Total body water, fat stores, and protein amounts have no effect on drugs administered to the pediatric population.
True
False
QUESTION 3
1. In children over the age of 2, immature liver function limits the amount of protein binding by drugs.
True
False
QUESTION 4
1. Injections in infants should be administered in the vastuslateralis.
True
False
QUESTION 5
1. The risk of CNS effects related to drugs is higher in infants than in adults because of the immature blood–brain barrier.
True
False
QUESTION 6
1. ___ may play a causal role in inducing suicide in pediatric patients.
QUESTION 7
1. By the age of ____children have developed pharmacokinetic responses that resemble those of adults.
QUESTION 8
1. __ ______ injections are avoided in pediatric patients because of the associated pain and unpredictable absorption.
QUESTION 9
1. Due to an immature __ ___, drugs and other chemicals may more easily affect the CNS in young infants.
QUESTION 10
1. Intravenous (IV) medications should be administered using ___ __ technology.
QUESTION 1
1. Castor oil may be used to treat constipation in pregnant women.
True
False
QUESTION 2
1. Uterine contractions with cervical changes before 37 weeks of gestation are considered preterm labor.
True
False
QUESTION 3
1. Nifedipine is associated with more adverse effects than magnesium sulfate or terbutaline.
True
False
QUESTION 4
1. Pitocin is the drug of choice for prevention of control of postpartum uterine bleeding.
True
False
QUESTION 5
1. Women with HIV infection should not breast-feed.
True
False
QUESTION 6
1. Drug-induced teratogenicity is most likely to occur when drugs are taken during the ____ ______ trimester of pregnancy.
QUESTION 7
1. Folic acid supplementation is especially important to prevent ____ ______ birth defects.
QUESTION 8
1. The criterion for a diagnosis of gestational diabetes is a fasting plasma glucose level of more than ________ mg/dL.
QUESTION 9
1. Preeclampsia is manifested by hypertension and ___ ___.
QUESTION 10
1. Drug effects are less predictable due to ___ ____ during pregnancy.
[Show More]
