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UNIT 1 AND 2 PATHO QUIZZES WITH VERIFIED 2022 SOLUTIONS

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UNIT 1 AND 2 PATHO QUIZZES WITH VERIFIED 2022 SOLUTIONS The preceptor is teaching the nursing student about fluid and electrolyte balance. Which statement made by the student indicates that the nursing student understood the information discussed? Answers: "Magnesium increases with potassium increases." When the osmotic pressure of the blood is elevated above normal, where would water shift? Answers: Interstitial compartment into the blood When a group of cells in the body dies, what is the change called? Answers: necrosis The nurse requests that the nursing student who worked with her that day on the oncology discuss changes that may occur in cells. Which statement by the nursing student requires further teaching? Answers: "Atrophy is when cells become healthy and grow larger." To which of the following does the term Apoptosis refer? Answers: Programmed cell self-destruction A nursing student is preparing for a pediatric clinical day on a unit where the clients are diagnosed with genetic disorders. Which statements by the nursing student are correct? Select all that apply Answers: -X-linked recessive disorders are manifested in males who lack the matching gene-Skipped generations can occur because of female carriers-Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Edwards syndrome all are chromosomal disorders Which "buddy" electrolyte works with potassium to ensure the electrical impulses in the heart is functioning adequately to maintain homeostasis? Answers: calcium normal ph serum? Answers: 7.4 when many excess hydrogen ions accumulate in blood what happens to serum ph Answers: it decreases what is the slowest but most effective control for acid-base balance Answers: kidneys what is the correct effect on the body of abnormally slow respirations Answers: increase carbonic acidplace the following events in the correct sequence of events when ketoacids increase in the blood of a diabetic patient. Not all options are used in the answers. 1. Serum pH decreases 2. Serum bicarbonate decreases 3. PCO2 decreases 4. Respiration decreases 5. Respiration increases 6. Serum pH increases 7. Urine pH increases Answers: 2,1,5,3,7,6 Serum potassium levels are affected by which of the following? Answers: aldosterone, serum h+ levels, and insulin levels Which statements apply to atrial natriuretic peptide? 1. It is secreted by heart muscle cells 2. It is a hormone secreted by the kidneys 3. It helps to control water and sodium balance 4. It is released in response to low blood pressure Answers: 1,3 What are the three mechanisms that control or compensate for serum pH? Answers: Buffer pairs in blood, change in kidney excretion rate, change in respiratory rate Which term refers to the spread of malignant cells through blood and lymph to distant sites? Answers: metastasis The common local effects of an expanding tumor mass include Answers: -obstruction of a tube or duct-cell necrosis and ulceration A warning sign of possible cancer would be any of the following except: a change in shape, color, or surface of a skin lesion a change in bowel habits sudden development of fever, nausea, and diarrhea persistent unusual bleeding Answers: sudden development of fever, nausea, and diarrhea Which factor provides the basis for the grading of newly diagnosed malignant tumors? Answers: degree of cell differentiation what are malignant neoplasms arising from connective tissue called Answers: sarcoma what is a benign neoplasm originating from adipose tissue called Answers: lipoma

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