A-Level Physics Paper 1 Practice Paper Summer 2022
Page 1
Section A
1 (a) (i) Name two baryons.
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(2)
(ii) State the quark structure of the pion +.
_____
...
A-Level Physics Paper 1 Practice Paper Summer 2022
Page 1
Section A
1 (a) (i) Name two baryons.
_________________________________________________________
(2)
(ii) State the quark structure of the pion +.
_________________________________________________________
(1)
(b) (i) The K+ kaon is a strange particle. Give one characteristic of a strange particle that makes it different from a particle that is not strange.
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_________________________________________________________
(1)
(ii) One of the following equations represent a possible decay of the K+ kaon.
K+ → π+ + π0
K+→ μ+ +
State, with a reason, which one of these decays is not possible.
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_________________________________________________________
(2)
(c) Another strange particle, X, decays in the following way:
X → π– + p
(i) State what interaction is involved in this decay.
_________________________________________________________
(1)
A-LEVEL PHYSICS Name:
Practice Paper 1 Maximum marks: 85 Time Allowed: 2 hours
These questions are from past papers covering topics and skills based on the advance information to help you prepare for the exams this summer.
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
You will need a Data and Formulae Booklet
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Page 2
(ii) Deduce whether X is a meson, baryon or lepton, explaining how you arrive at your answer.
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(2)
2 Figure 1 shows a sprinter before a race. She is shown stationary in the ‘set’ position.
Force F is the resultant force on the sprinter’s finger tips. The reaction force, Y, on her forward foot is 180 N and her weight, W, is 520 N. X is the vertical reaction force on her back foot.
Figure 1
(a) (i) Calculate the moment of the sprinter’s weight, W, about her finger tips.
Give an appropriate unit for your answer.
answer = ____________________ unit __________
(2)
(ii) Calculate, by taking moments about her finger tips, the force X on her back foot.
answer = ____________________N
(3)
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(iii) Calculate the force F. answer = ____________________N
(1)
3 Figure 1 shows a jet engine.
Figure 1
Air enters the engine at A and is heated before leaving B at a much higher speed.
(a) State what happens to the momentum of the air as it passes through the engine.
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(1)
(b) Explain, using appropriate laws of motion, why the air exerts a force on the engine in the forward direction.
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(3)
(c) In one second a mass of 210 kg of air enters at A. The speed of this mass of air increases by 570 m s−1 as it passes through the engine.
Calculate the force that the air exerts on the engine.
force = ____________________ N
(1)
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Page 4
(d) When an aircraft lands, its jet engines exert a decelerating force on the aircraft by making use of deflector plates. These cause the air leaving the engines to be deflected at an angle to the direction the aircraft is travelling as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2
The speed of the air leaving B is the same as the speed of the deflected air.
Explain why the momentum of the air changes.
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(2)
(e) The aircraft lands on the runway travelling at a speed of 68 m s−1 with the deflector plates acting.
Assume that the decelerating force produced by the deflecting plates remains constant and causes a deceleration of 2.7 m s-2.
Calculate the distance the aircraft travels along the runway until it comes to rest.
distance = ____________________ m
(2)
(f) Suggest why in practice the decelerating force provided by the deflector plates may not remain constant.
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(2)
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Page 5
4 A cable used in high-voltage power transmission consists of six aluminium wires surrounding a steel wire. A cross-section is shown below.
The resistance of a length of 1.0 km of the steel wire is 3.3 Ω. The resistance of a length of 1.0 km of one of the aluminium wires is 1.1 Ω.
(a) Explain why only a small percentage of the total current in the cable passes through the steel wire.
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(3)
(b) The potential difference across a length of 1.0 km of the cable is 75 V.
Calculate the total power loss for a 1.0 km length of cable. Total power loss ____________________ W
(3)
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Page 6
5 (a) The rating of a car headlamp is 12 V, 55 W.
The resistance in this headlamp is due to a thin piece of wire. At its working temperature, the wire has a length of 5.0 × 10–2 m and a cross-sectional area of 1.9 × 10–8 m2.
Calculate, at the working temperature, the resistivity of the metal used to make the wire.
State an appropriate unit for your answer.
resistivity ______________________unit ___________
(5)
(b) The figure below is a circuit diagram illustrating how two of these headlamps are connected to a car battery.
The car battery has an emf of 12 V.
When the switch S is closed there is a current of 9.1 A through the battery and a potential difference of 11.9 V across the headlamps. Calculate the internal resistance of the car battery.
internal resistance ______________________ Ω
(2)
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Page 7
(c) A fault develops in one of the headlamps in the figure above causing its resistance to decrease.
Explain how this fault affects the brightness of the other headlamp.
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(3)
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Page 8
6 (a) A rigid flat plate is made to vibrate vertically with simple harmonic motion. The frequency of the vibration is controlled by a signal generator as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1
The velocity−time (v−t) graph for the vibrating plate at one frequency is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2
Show that the maximum displacement of the plate is 3.5 × 10−4 m.
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(2)
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Page 9
(b) Draw on Figure 3 the displacement−time (s−t) graph between 0 and 75 ms.
Figure 3
(1)
(c) State one time at which the plate has maximum potential energy.
time = _____________________ s
(1)
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Page 10
(d) A small quantity of fine sand is placed onto the surface of the plate. Initially the sand grains stay in contact with the plate as it vibrates. The amplitude of the vibrating surface remains constant at 3.5 × 10−4 m over the full frequency range of the signal generator. Above a particular frequency the sand grains lose contact with the surface.
Explain how and why this happens.
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(3)
(e) Calculate the lowest frequency at which the sand grains lose contact with the surface of the plate.
frequency = _____________________ Hz
(2)
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Page 11
7 The diagram below shows the lowest three energy levels of a hydrogen atom.
(a) An electron is incident on a hydrogen atom.
As a result, an electron in the ground state of the hydrogen atom is excited to the n = 2 energy level. The atom then emits a photon of a characteristic frequency.
(i) Explain how the electron in the ground state becomes excited to the n = 2 energy level.
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(2)
(ii) Calculate the frequency of the photon that is emitted.
frequency = ____________________ Hz
(3)
(iii) The initial kinetic energy of the incident electron is 1.70 × 10–18 J.
Calculate its kinetic energy after the collision.
kinetic energy = ____________________ J
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Page 12
(b) A student suggests that when electrons in the ground state of hydrogen atoms are excited to the n = 3 energy level photons released that have two different frequencies.
Explain whether the student is correct.
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____________________________________________________________
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(2)
Section B
Each of Questions 8 to 32 is followed by four responses, A, B, C and D.
For each question select the best response.
8 In a nuclear reaction is bombarded by neutrons. This results in the capture of one neutron and the emission of one proton by one nucleus of . What is the resulting nucleus?
A
B
C
D
(1 mark)
9 A calcium ion is formed by removing two electrons from an atom of .
What is the specific charge of the calcium ion?
A
3.2 × 10–19 C kg–1
B
2.9 × 10–18 C kg–1
C
4.8 × 106 C kg–1
D
4.8 × 107 C kg–1
(1 mark)
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Page 13
10 Which of the following is not true?
A
Each meson consists of a single quark and a single antiquark.
B
Each baryon consists of three quarks.
C
The magnitude of the charge on every quark is
D
A particle consisting of a single quark has not been observed.
(1 mark)
11 Which line, A to D, in the table shows correctly whether the moment of a force, and momentum, are scalar or vector quantities?
moment of force
momentum
A
scalar
scalar
B
scalar
vector
C
vector
scalar
D
vector
vector
(1 mark)
12 Coplanar forces of 5 N, 4 N and 3 N act on an object.
Which force cannot possibly be the resultant of these forces?
A
0 N
B
4 N
C
12 N
D
16 N
(1 mark)
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Page 14
13 Trolley T1, of mass 2.0 kg, collides on a horizontal surface with trolley T2, which is also of mass 2.0 kg. The collision is elastic. Before the collision T1 was moving at 4.0 m s–1 and T2 was at rest.
Which is true immediately after the collision?
A
T1 is at rest and T2 moves at 4.0 m s–1.
B
T1 will rebound from T2 at 4.0 m s–1.
C
T1 and T2 will both move at 2.8 m s–1.
D
T1 and T2 will both move at 1.4 m s–1.
(1 mark)
14 Two masses hang at rest from a spring, as shown in the diagram. The string separating the masses is burned through.
The acceleration of free fall is g.
Which gives the accelerations of the two masses as the string breaks?
acceleration of 1 kg mass upwards
acceleration of 2 kg mass downwards
A
3 g
1 g
B
2 g
2 g
C
2 g
1 g
D
1 g
1 g
(1 mark)
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Page 15
15 A load of 3.0 N is attached to springs of negligible mass and spring constant 15 N m–1.
What is the total energy stored in the spring?
A
0.3 J
B
0.6 J
C
0.9 J
D
1.2 J
(1 mark)
16 A cell C of negligible resistance and a switch are in series with a resistor R. The switch is moved to the on (closed) position for a time t.
Which change reduces the amount of charge flowing through R in time t?
A
add an identical cell in parallel with C
B
add an identical cell in series with C
C
add a second resistor in series with R
D
add a second resistor in parallel with R
(1 mark)
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Page 16
17 The diagram shows two wires, P and Q, of equal length, joined in series with a cell.
A voltmeter is connected between the end of Q and a contact point X on the wires. The pd across the cell is V.
Wire Q has twice the area of cross-section and twice the resistivity of wire P.
Which graph shows the variation of the voltmeter reading as the contact point X is moved along the wires?
(1 mark)
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Page 17
18 Three identical resistors X, Y and Z are connected across a battery as shown.
The ratio is
A
B
C
1
D
2
(1 mark)
19 In the circuit shown in the diagram the cell has negligible internal resistance.
What happens to the readings of the ammeter and voltmeter when the resistance of R is decreased?
Reading of ammeter
Reading of voltmeter
A
increases
increases
B
increases
decreases
C
decreases
increases
D
unchanged
decreases
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Page 18
20 The graph shows the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of a filament lamp.
V / V
What is the resistance of the filament when the potential difference (pd) across it is 4.0 V?
A
500 Ω
B
1700 Ω
C
2000 Ω
D
6000 Ω
(1 mark)
21 An electric motor of input power 100 W raises a mass of 10 kg vertically at a steady speed of 0.5 m s–1.
What is the efficiency of the system?
A
5%
B
12%
C
50%
D
100%
(1 mark)
22 A particle of mass m oscillates in a straight line with simple harmonic motion of constant amplitude. The total energy of the particle is E.
Another particle X of mass 2m oscillates with simple harmonic motion of the same amplitude but double the frequency?
What is the total energy of X?
A
E
B
2E
C
4E
D
8E
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Page 19
23 Which one of the following gives the phase difference between the particle velocity and the particle displacement in simple harmonic motion?
A
rad
B
C
rad
D
2π rad
(1 mark)
24 A particle moves in a circle with uniform speed.
Which one of the following statements is correct?
A
The displacement of the particle is in the direction of the force.
B
The force on the particle is in the same direction as the direction of motion of the particle.
C
The momentum of the particle is constant.
D
The kinetic energy of the particle is constant.
(1 mark)
25 In a Young’s double slit interference experiment, monochromatic light placed behind a single slit illuminates two narrow slits. An interference pattern is observed on a screen placed some distance away from the slits.
Which one of the following decreases the separation of the fringes?
A
increasing the width of the single slit
B
decreasing the separation of the double slits
C
increasing the distance between the double slits and the screen
D
using monochromatic light of higher frequency
(1 mark)
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Page 20
26 A narrow beam of monochromatic light falls on a diffraction grating at normal incidence. The second order diffracted beam makes an angle of 45° with the grating.
What is the highest order visible with this grating at this wavelength?
A
2
B
3
C
4
D
5
(1 mark)
27 A uniform wire fixed at both ends is vibrating in its fundamental mode.
Which statement is not correct for all the vibrating particles?
A
They vibrate in phase.
B
They vibrate with the same amplitude.
C
They vibrate with the same frequency.
D
They vibrate at right angles to the wire.
(1 mark)
28 Monochromatic light passes from air into water.
Which statement is true?
A
The velocity, frequency and wavelength all change
B
The velocity and frequency change but not the wavelength
C
The velocity and wavelength change but not the frequency
D
The frequency and wavelength change but not the velocity
(1 mark)
29 Which is evidence of the wave-like properties of electrons?
A
The emission of electrons when short-wavelength light falls on a metal surface.
B
The movement of electrons in an electric current.
C
The diffraction of electrons by a metal crystal.
D
The annihilation of an electron with a positron.
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Page 21
30 In a photoelectric experiment, light is incident on the metal surface of a photocell.
The intensity of the illumination at the surface increases.
Which of the following increases as a result of this change?
A
The work function
B
The minimum frequency at which electrons are emitted
C
The current through the photocell
D
The speed of the electrons
(1 mark)
31 In an experiment to demonstrate the photoelectric effect, a charged metal plate is illuminated with light from different sources. The plate loses its charge when an ultraviolet light source is used but not when a red light source is used.
What is the reason for this observation?
A
The intensity of the red light is too low.
B
The wavelength of the red light is too short.
C
The frequency of the red light is too high.
D
The energy of red light photons is too small.
(1 mark)
32 An electron has a kinetic energy E and a de Broglie wavelength λ. The kinetic energy is increased to 4E.
What is the new de Broglie wavelength?
A
B
C
λ
D
4λ
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