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Biology 101, Exam 2

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Biology 101, Exam 2 Three cell parts found in all cells? correct answer- DNA, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm or ribosomes What is the cell theory? correct answer- The cell is the basic unit of life, all living things are made up of one or more cells, and all cells come from the reproduction of other cells Cells that do not have a nucleus are: correct answer- prokaryotes DNA in bacterial/prokaryotic cells forms a: correct answer- circle DNA in eukaryotic cells are: correct answer- linear Why are cells small? correct answer- Cells do not get very large because the surface area to volume ratio must be high to allow for the ready exchange of materials in and out of the cell What three cell parts are found ONLY in plant cells? correct answer- cell wall, chloroplasts, and the large/central vacuole What is Endosymbiosis? correct answer- The theory that some prokaryotic cells engulfed other prokaryotic cells thus forming membrane-bound structures (like mitochondria or chloroplasts) and ultimately giving rise to eukaryotic cells What is the organelle site of the reaction called CELLULAR RESPIRATION in eukaryotic cells? correct answer- Mitochondria What do you call the site of PROTEIN and LIPID SYNTHESIS in eukaryotic cells is an ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM? correct answer- the Endoplasmic Reticulum What can you find in the nucleus? correct answer- the nucleolus and DNA How can you distinguish between the ROUGH E.R. and the SMOOTH E.R.? correct answer- the presence of RIBOSOMES in the rough E.R. What are the three structures that enable cells to move? correct answer- cilia, flagella, and psuedopods What is found within the CHLOROPLASTS and is the site of PHOTOSYNTHESIS? correct answer- thylakoids What are the folds within the MITOCHONDRIA called? correct answer- cristae What are cytoplasmic bridges found between PLANT cells? (holes in the CELL WALL) correct answer- plasmodesmata What are the cytoplasmic bridges found between ANIMAL cells? (openings in the CELL MEMBRANES) correct answer- gap junctions Which organelle contains DIGESTIVE ENZYMES? correct answer- the lysosome The lysosome is produced by the pinching off of portions of the membranes of the: correct answer- Golgi bodies/apparatus What is the site of PROTEIN SYNTHESIS? correct answer- Ribosomes What is the largest CYTOSKELETON component? correct answer- the microtubules What are the structures involved in CELL MOVEMENT that are made up of "9+2" microtubules? correct answer- Cilia and Flagella

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