Biology 1151 Computer Simulation of DNA Replication & Expression Answers
A. DNA Structure
1. Draw the DNA “nucleotide” and label its components.
2. Construct a DNA molecule.
B. DNA Replication
3. In a typical eukary
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Biology 1151 Computer Simulation of DNA Replication & Expression Answers
A. DNA Structure
1. Draw the DNA “nucleotide” and label its components.
2. Construct a DNA molecule.
B. DNA Replication
3. In a typical eukaryotic cell, what must happen before DNA replication can occur?
DNA Helicase must pull the two strands apart (and single-strand binding proteins must attach to
keep the two strands separated).
4. When in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S of interphase
5. What is happening to the chromatid number per chromosome of a eukaryotic cell as a consequence
of DNA replication? The chromatid number doubles.
6. Since each new DNA molecule is composed of one parent strand and one newly-synthesized strand,
DNA replication is called ___________ replication. Semiconservative
7. Why does a cell need to replicate the DNA? So that the two cells produced at the end of cell
division each have a complete copy of the genetic material.
C. RNA Structure
8. Draw an RNA molecule and label its components. Phosphate + Ribose sugar + Nitrogen base
9. What are the 3 types of RNA, and what are their functions?
Ribosomal (rRNA) RNA – makes up the large and small ribosomal subunits
Messenger (mRNA) RNA – copies a DNA gene, goes out into the cytoplasm
Transfer (tRNA) RNA – brings the correct amino acid in place during the construction of the protein
(translation). The tRNA anticodon must match up to the mRNA codon.
10. List 3 structural differences between DNA and RNA.
DNA is double stranded – RNA is single stranded
DNA has Thymine – RNA has Uracil
DNA has Deoxyribose for its sugar – RNA has Ribose for its sugar (the ribose has one more oxygen)
D. Transcription of the DNA Code
11. What molecule does the DNA transcribe which will then be translated alongside the ribosome?
A gene on the DNA is transcribed into mRNA. The mRNA is then used during the translation of a
protein.
12. Where is this molecule formed in a eukaryotic cell?
In the nucleus of the cell.
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