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What is the best measure of the adequacy of cellular perfusion and helps predict the outcome of resuscitation? - ✔✔Base deficit used in conjunction with serum lactate Will hypocapnia cause vaso ... constriction or vasodilation, especially in the cerebral vasculature? - ✔✔Vasoconstriction What results from tissue hypo perfusion and oxygen deficit? - ✔✔Metabolic acidosis What type of shock results in generalized vasodilation? - ✔✔Neurogenic shock Spinal cord injuries at C3-C5 causes loss of what nerves function, resulting in what? - ✔✔Phrenic nerve; paralyzed diaphragm and inability to breath Extremity elevation AT the level of the heart is beneficial for what type of injury? - ✔✔Compartment Syndrome What is a high risk of frostbite? - ✔✔Thrombus formation What two medications can be administered to maintain perfusion after a frostbite injury along with rewarming? - ✔✔Tissue plasminogen activator or non steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDS) An rise in diastolic blood pressures is a sign of increasing what? - ✔✔Peripheral resistance What position will benefit the airway and work of breathing for the bariatric patient? - ✔✔Reverse Trendelenburg Which phase of a blast results from flying debris, projectiles, and bomb fragments causing lacerations or penetrating injuries? - ✔✔Secondary Phase What phase of a blast results from any explosion-related illness or injury including hyperglycemia, hypertension, angina, asthma, COPD, or sepsis? - ✔✔Quaternary Phase What phase of a blast results from individuals being thrown by the blast and impacting walls, ground, or any hard object? - ✔✔Tertiary Phase What phase of a blast results from impact of the over and under pressurization wave with body surfaces. Injuries include blast lung, tympanic membrane rupture, abdominal hemorrhage, globe rupture, and mild traumatic brain injury? - ✔✔Primary Phase Signs of what include muscle pain or weakness, dark red or brown urine, general weakness or malaise, and elevated creatinine kinase levels? - ✔✔Rhabdomyolosis Signs of what include anxiety, pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, hypoxemia, hemoptysis, cough, orthopnea, adventitious lung sounds, decreased lung sounds, jugular vein distention, or hypotension? - ✔✔Pulmonary Embolus Signs of what include headache, nausea and vomiting, amnesia, behavioral changes, altered level of consciousness? - ✔✔Increased intracranial pressure Signs of what include asymmetric pupillary reactivity, unilateral dilation, widening pulse pressure, abnormal motor posturing, bradycardia, and decreased respiratory effort? - ✔✔Late signs of increased ICP with Herniation Syndrome What is caused by the tear of the bridging veins or middle meningeal artery? - ✔✔Subdural and Epidural Hematoma Affect concentration, memory, sleep, mode, and libido. Causes headaches, dizziness and nausea. - ✔✔Postconcussive Syndrome/ Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Signs and symptoms similar to early signs of increased ICP but do not worsen. - ✔✔Postconcussive Syndrome/ Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Cerebral Perfusion Pressure = ______-______ - ✔✔MAP - ICP What is the range for CO2 to maximize perfusion? - ✔✔35-45 Does hypoventilation cause dilation or constriction? Increase or decrease ICP? - ✔✔Dilation and increase in ICP due to high CO2 Hyperventilation cause dilation or constriction? - ✔✔Constriction d/t low CO2 Pupils with pressure on cranial nerve - ✔✔Fixed and dilated Pupils with opiates vs stimulants - ✔✔small; large Pupils with anticholinergics such as atropine, ipratropium, and scopolamine - ✔✔large [Show More]

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