CRM_1300___Notes latest with summary (100% well enlightened)

CRM_1300___Notes CRM_1300___Notes latest with summary (100% well enlightened) Criminology notes Crime Definition: - Any form of human behaviour that is designated by law as criminal and subject to penal sanction ...

CRM_1300___Notes CRM_1300___Notes latest with summary (100% well enlightened) Criminology notes Crime Definition: - Any form of human behaviour that is designated by law as criminal and subject to penal sanction A Composite Definition of Crime: - “Crime is a violation of societal rules of behaviour as interpreted by a legal criminal code created by people holding social and political power. Individuals who violate these laws are subject to sanctions by statue authority, social stigma, and loss of status” What Is a Crime? - This approach implies that the definition of crime is a function of: - The beliefs, morality, and direction of social authorities - Applied uniformly to everyone in society - Therefore crime is a social phenomena Dark Figure Crime: - Never reported crimes to the police - Don't report it because insurance increases - Ex. Broken into car, house Criminology Definition: - Is the scientific study of the: - Nature - Extent - Causes - Management or control of criminal behavior The Criminological Enterprise: - Criminal statistics - Create valid, reliable measures of crime - International crime trends - Sociology of Law - Interested in the role of criminal law in shaping society - Theory construction - Explaining, predicting criminal behaviour - Can’t predict a person's motive for crime - Poverty areas have higher crime rate - Criminal behaviour - Determining nature, cause of crime patterns - Penology - Correction and control of criminal behaviour - Victimology - Nature, cause of victimization (rape, assult, domestic violence) - Victimization Surveys (random sample of the population in which people are asked to recall and describe their own experience of being a victim of crime) The State Influx: - The State is an institution that claims the exclusive right to exercise force in a given territory through the use o the police and armed forces - Monarchy: - Transfers power from generation to generation within a single family - Earlier monarchies were absolute - Modern ones are generally constitutional - Ex. Britain