WGU C952 CH3 & 4 Vocabulary Already Passed

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WGU C952 CH3 & 4 Vocabulary Already Passed instruction set ✔✔the vocabulary of commands understood by a given architechture stored-program concept ✔✔The idea that instructions and data of many types can be stored in memory as numbers, leading to the stored-program computer. // ✔✔symbol for comments word ✔✔The natural unit of access in a computer, usually a group of 32 bits; corresponds to the size of a register in the MIPS architecture. Doubleword ✔✔a natural unit of access in a computer, usually a group of *64 bits*; corresponds to the size of a register in the LEGv8 architecture Data Transfer Instruction ✔✔command that moves data between memory and registers address ✔✔a value used to delineate the location of a specific data element within a memory array load ✔✔the data transfer instruction that copies data from memory to a register spilling registers ✔✔the process of putting less frequently used variables (or those needed later) into memory base address ✔✔the starting address of an array in memory base register ✔✔a register that holds an array's base address offset ✔✔a constant value added to a base address to locate a particular array element overflow ✔✔if the number that is the proper result of operations cannot be represented by the rightmost hardware bits Sign/Magnitude notation ✔✔signed number notation where a single bit is used to represent the sign magnitude = remaining bits Two's complement ✔✔leading bit 0 = positive leading bit 1 = negative complement = inverse each bit + 1 sign extension ✔✔the function of a singed load is to cope the sign repeatedly to fill the rest of the register One's Complement ✔✔A notation that represents the most negative value by 1000 and the most positive value by 0111, leaving an equal number of negatives and positives but ending up with two zeros, one positive (0000) and one negative (1111). The term is also used to mean the inversion of every bit in a pattern: 0 to 1 and 1 to 0. Biased notation ✔✔notation that represents the most negative value by 00 ... 000_two most positive value by 11 ... 11_two 0 typically having the value 10... 00_two = biasing the number such that the number plus the bias has a non-negative representation fields ✔✔a machine instruction is composed of these each one has several bits and representing some part of the instruction instruction format ✔✔a form of representation of an instruction composed of fields of binary numbers machine language ✔✔binary representation used for communication within a computer system opcode ✔✔the field that denotes the operation and format of an instruction designation register ✔✔register that receives the result of an operation shift ✔✔moves all the bits in a doubleword to the left or right fills the emptied bits with 0s AND ✔✔logical bit-by-bit operation with two operands that calculates a 1 only if there is a 1 in both operands mask ✔✔AND can apply a bit pattern to a set of bits to force 0s where there is a 0 in the bit pattern conceals some bits OR ✔✔logical bit-by-bit operation with two operand that calculates 1 if there is a 1 in either operand NOT ✔✔logical bit-by-bit operation with one operand that inverts the bits EOR ✔✔logical bit-by-bit operation with t

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