WGU C181 Objective Assessment Review Questions and answers

Which economic theory is aligned with the political theory of libertarianism? Correct answer- Laissez-faire Which political ideology opposes government control and also values freedom over order? Correct answer- Liber ...

Which economic theory is aligned with the political theory of libertarianism? Correct answer- Laissez-faire Which political ideology opposes government control and also values freedom over order? Correct answer- Libertarianism What is an example of equality of opportunity? Correct answer- We all have the same chance to succeed in life. Federal law requires that employers pay men and women equally for equal work Correct answer- Equality of outcome Which process does the majoritarian model of democracy specify for selecting public officials? Correct answer- Popular election of members of Congress Where does sovereign power reside in a republican system of government? Correct answer- The people Which term characterizes the relationship between the federal government and the various state governments under dual federalism? Correct answer- Tension How does the constitutional principle of separation of powers protect liberty? Correct answer- It ensures that all government power does not fall to a single branch of government. How does the constitution establish the principle of separation of powers? Correct answer- By creating independent executive, legislative, and judicial branches with distinct functions. Judicial Branch Correct answer- Power to interpret laws Executive branch Correct answer- Power to pardon Legislative branch Correct answer- Confirmation power How can Congress override a presidential veto? Correct answer- If 2/3 of both houses of Congress vote to override it. Which clause in the Constitution prevents the federal government from losing power to the states? Correct answer- Supremacy clause Which phrase from the preamble to the Constitution acknowledges the failure of the Articles of Confederation? Correct answer- "In order to form a more perfect union" Which aspect of social contract theory did Thomas Jefferson use as the basis for the Declaration of Independance? Correct answer- People have the right to remove rulers who are no longer serving their purpose. What is the significance of Shay's Rebellion? Correct answer- It demonstrated the major weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. Which problem did the Great Compromise remedy? Correct answer- Disagreement between the large and small states over representation in the legislature. How did the Bill of Rights resolve Anti-Federalist fears over the scope and power of the national government? Correct answer- By restraining the national government's ability to infringe on fundamental rights and emphasizing the limited power granted to it. How did George Washington resolve the crisis over including the Bill of Rights in the Constitution? Correct answer- By proposing to add a list of civil liberties as amendments to the Constitution after ratification by the states. What did James Madison hold as the purpose of government in Federalist #10? Correct answer- Government should control the inevitable conflict that comes from factions. Which Congressional powers does the elastic clause establish? Correct answerImplied powers When does the US government exert the most influence over the state governments? Correct answer- During times of national crisis Which part of the Constitution specifically reserves powers for the states? Correct answer- The tenth amendment Which Constitutional clause did Chief Justice Marshall rely on to uphold that states cannot interfere with federal banks? (Mcculloch vs. Maryland) ? Correct answer- The elastic clause A group of students at al local high school wore T-Shirts that illustrated their opposition to the war in Afghanistan. Students wouldn't change. Resulted in suspension. What would the Supreme court cite to justify this suspension as unconstitutional? Correct answer- Civil liberties Which concept permitted the NY times to publish leaked classified documents? Correct answer- Civil liberties How does the sixth amendment protect individuals during a criminal trial? Correct answer- It gives an individual the right to legal representation. How did the fourteenth amendment provide greater protection for African Americans' rights? Correct answer- It provided citizenship to those born on American soil. In Tinker vs. Des Moines- The Supreme court heard a case involving public school students who were suspended from school after wearing black arm bands in protest of the Vietnam war. How did the court resolve this case? Correct answer- The court overturned the suspension because symbolic expression is a protected form of speech under the first amendment. Sixth amendments rights to the states? Correct answer- States must provide an impartial jury for all criminal cases, but the size of the jury may vary. What reasoning did the Supreme Court use in the Brown vs. Board of Ed decision to overturn the precedent set by Plessy vs. Ferguson? Correct answer- Segregated educational facilities deprive students of equal protection under the law as guaranteed by the fourteenth amendment. Which statement describes the Supreme Court's ruling in the case of Regents of the University of Cali vs. Bakke with regard to admissions policies for state schools? Correct answer- IT is unconstitutional for state schools to implement affirmative action programs that use race as the sole consideration in admissions decisions. What was the result of the 1965 United Farm Workers union strike in Cali? Correct answer- It resulted in better housing, pay, and working conditions for farm workers. Which form of segregation did the Supreme Court attack in Brown vs. Board of Ed, where it was legal to educate black and white students separately solely because of perceived racial differences? Correct answer- De jure segregation What were two provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act? (ADA) Correct answerIt guaranteed access to employment for people with physical and mental disabilities. It guaranteed access to employment for people battling alcohol and or drug addiction. Why does the fourteenth amendment include a due process clause when one was already included in the fifth amendment? Correct answer- The 5th amendment only applies to the federal government, while the fourteenth amendment requires states to uphold an individuals right to due process. Which is a key principle of the fourteenth amendment used by the Supreme Court to apply the Bill of Rights to the states? Correct answer- No state shall deprive any persons of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. Which officials make up the President's cabinet? Correct answer- The heads of the departments of the executive branch and a small number of other key advisors. Which two responsibilities does the Constitution specifically delegate to the Vice President? Correct answer- 1. Taking over the presidency if the president is unable to perform the duties of the office. 2. Serving as the President of the Senate and voting in the event of a tie. What is a major factor behind the growth of the federal bureaucracy? Correct answerAn increase in government responsibility What is the purpose of the civil service in the national bureaucracy? Correct answer- It ensures that most employees cannot be hired or fired based purely on political motives. Which method does the Constitution prescribe for the periodic redistribution of seats in the House of Representatives? Correct answer- Reapportionment How did the Constitution address the issue of dealing with trade wars between various states? Correct answer- By granting Congress the authority to regulate interstate commerce. What is one principle of judicial review? Correct answer- The role of the Supreme Court as the final authority on the Constitution What is an example of judicial review? Correct answer- The supreme court rules that a state law restricting religious content violates the first amendments free speech clause. Which institution has the power to impeach the president? Correct answer- The House of Representatives The president periodically informs congress of the state of the Union demonstrates Correct answer- checks and balances What is a legislative power that is held by the executive branch? Correct answer- The power to veto legislation Why do members of minority groups often hold similar views about issues relating to social equality? Correct answer- They tend to be targets of racial prejudice and therefore support programs to improve equality. What is most likely to occur in the future if college students engage in political activity on campus politics? Correct answer- They are more likely to remain politically active throughout their life. How would communitarians most likely prioritize the values of order, equality, and freedom? Correct answer- They would value both order and equality over freedom Which term is used to describe a political ad referring to a tax deduction as "returning money to the people"? Correct answer- Issue framing What is the purpose of watchdog journalism? Correct answer- To promote public interest by scrutinizing government and business institutions for perceived misconduct. How did Congress respond to demonstrations and protests on college campuses during the Vietnam war? Correct answer- It proposed an amendment to the Constitution to