Discuss prominent theories and therapeutic models
o Behavioral Therapy: attempts to correct or eliminate
maladaptive (bad) behaviors/responses by rewarding &
reinforcing adaptive (good) behavior. Use of Desensitizatio
...
Discuss prominent theories and therapeutic models
o Behavioral Therapy: attempts to correct or eliminate
maladaptive (bad) behaviors/responses by rewarding &
reinforcing adaptive (good) behavior. Use of Desensitization,
Aversion Therapy (becoming not afraid of spiders), Biofeedback
and Modeling as well as the below 3 items.
Pavlov, Watson & Skinner
Pavlov: Classical Conditioning (Ex: baby cries and
mom has milk “let-down” reflex).
Watson: Personality traits & responses were learned
(conscious) behavior.
Skinner: Operant Conditioning. Behaviors are
learned through Positive/Negative Reinforcement (Ex:
studying hard results in good grades).
o Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: combines both behavioral and
cognitive theory and seeks to modify negative thoughts that lead
to dysfunctional emotions & actions. This is useful for those
patients who feel incompetent, abandoned, evil or vulnerable.
It is NOT the stimulus (situation/person/place/thing) that
causes the response; it is the person’s evaluation & selfthoughts about the situation that causes the negative
feelings/reaction. Therapy aims to remove these
negative/repetitive thoughts and replace them with
rational interpretations of situations.
Ex: “Matt had a car accident. He now refuses to drive and
says, “I shouldn’t be allowed on the road”. (This is
distorted thinking and rationalization of his car accident).
o Milieu Therapy: Creating a SAFE, structured
inpatient/outpatient setting where the mentally ill can test new
behaviors and coping mechanisms with others.
Creating a SAFE, structured inpatient/outpatient setting
where patients with mental illness can test new behaviors
and interactions.
Climate is essential to healing: paint color, relaxed
environments are conducive to the healing process.
Florence Nightingale believed that the environment helps
heal
o Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Basic needs on the bottom of
the pyramid have to be met before the top (self-actualization)
can be attained.
1. Physiological Needs – most basic needs that a human
needs (food, water, O2, sleep, sex, body temperature,
elimination, voiding). This level takes priority over all
others
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