practice test 750+ questions and case studies NBDHE 2022 – COMPLETE SOLUTION

practice test 750+ questions and case studies NBDHE 2022 – COMPLETE SOLUTION Which cyst exhibits bluish swelling around a newly erupting crown, most common with the eruption of primary teeth? a. Odontogenic keratocys ...

practice test 750+ questions and case studies NBDHE 2022 – COMPLETE SOLUTION Which cyst exhibits bluish swelling around a newly erupting crown, most common with the eruption of primary teeth? a. Odontogenic keratocyst b. Dentigerous cyst c. Nonodontogenic cysts d. Eruption cyst. - ✔✔d. Eruption cyst. 1 T/F During swallowing, the hyoid bone moves downward. During swallowing, the larynx elevates - ✔✔F hyoid bone moves upward with larynx, then hyoid bone moves forward and returns to starting position, 2. Which nervous system produces the fight-or-flight reaction? - ✔✔b - The sympathetic nervous system releases norepinephrine to raise the heart rate and elevateblood pressure, triggering the fight or flight reaction in a stressful situation 3. A patient is experiencing symptoms related to Bell's palsy. Which cranial nerve is suffering from a motor deficit? - ✔✔facial nerve VII 4. What is mobilized in and out of the blood during bone remodeling? - ✔✔Calcium is mobilized in and out of blood stream allowing bone formation where needed. 5. Which of the following cranial nerves pass through the foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone? - ✔✔CN V - trigeminal mandibular nerve passes through the foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone6. The maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve passes through the ______. - ✔✔foramen rotundum is the opening that conveys the maxillary branch 7. Which cranial nerve is the longest and extends to the trunk of the body? - ✔✔CN X vagus nerve is the longest 8. List the following digestive system structures in order of their function during the digestion of a meal. _____ a. Stomach _____ b. Small intestine _____ c. Pharynx _____ d. Large intestine _____ e. Esophagus - ✔✔__3___ a. Stomach __4___ b. Small intestine ___1__ c. Pharynx ___5__ d. Large intestine ___2__ e. Esophagus 9. List the following components of a muscle fiber in order of the LARGEST component to the SMALLEST component. _____ a. Myofilaments _____ b. Muscle fascicle _____ c. Muscle _____ d. Myofibril _____ e. Myofiber - ✔✔ 10. The trigeminal ganglion of the fifth (V) trigeminal nerve has three divisions. Which of the following is NOT a division of the trigeminal ganglion? entering through superior orbital fissure, ovale and rotundum in the sphenoid bone.a. Ophthalmic b. Mandibular c. Optic d. Maxillary - ✔✔c. Optic 11. Which three of the following are lymphatic organs? a. Tonsils b. Pituitary gland c. Spleen d. Thymus e. Kidney f. Brain - ✔✔A- Tonsil C- Spleen D- Thymus 4th one not listed is the lympth nodes themselves. 12. Order the following anatomical structures of the respiratory tract as they appear and function in the processing of inhalation. _____ a. Trachea _____ b. Alveoli _____ c. Alveolar duct _____ d. Primary bronchi _____ e. Bronchiole - ✔✔__1___ a. Trachea ___5__ b. Alveoli __4___ c. Alveolar duct __2___ d. Primary bronchi___3__ e. Bronchiole 13. What parallels the venous blood vessels and returns filtered fluids to the bloodstream? - ✔✔lymphatic systems filters fluids and returns them to the bloodstream 14. What type of cell-to-cell attachments are found in enamel-forming ameloblasts? a. Hemidesmosome b. Tight junctions c. Desmosomes d. Gap junctions - ✔✔desmosomes - cell to cell 16 Which type of epithelia lines the oral cavity? - ✔✔stratisfied wqamous epithelia, [such as buccal mucosa, gingi mucosa] 17 MATCH the following dental anatomical structures with the permanent tooth to which they belong. ____Cusp of Carabelli ____Two cusps that are approximately the same length ____Long central developmental groove ____"H" or "y" groove patterns in the occlusal surface ____Greater mesiodistal than faciolingual width e. Maxillary first premolar a. max 2nd premolar b. man 2nd premolar c. max 1st molar d. man 1st molare. max 1st premolar - ✔✔_MAX 1ST MOLAR ___Cusp of Carabelli __MAX 2ND PM__Two cusps that are approximately the same length __MAX 1ST PM__Long central developmental groove __MAN 2ND PM__"H" or "y" groove patterns in the occlusal surface __MAN 1ST MOLAR__Greater mesiodistal than faciolingual width 18. MATCH the parts of the tongue with their description. ___Lingual papillae ___Sulcus terminalis ___Lingual tonsil ___Foramen cecum ___Lateral surface a. The side of the tongue b. irregular mass of tonsillar tissue on the posterior dorsal surface_ c. elevated structures of specialized mucosa d. pit-like depression in the center of sulcus terminalis e. v-shaped groove on the posterior dorsal surface of the tongue- - ✔✔_C__Lingual papillae _E__Sulcus terminalis _B__Lingual tonsil __D_Foramen cecum __A_Lateral surface 19. Which TWO are folds of tissue in the inferior to ventral surfaces of the tongue? a. Labial frenum b. Sublingual caruncle c. Sublingual foldd. Lingual frenum - ✔✔c - Subling fold d- ling frenum 22. Which tooth has a mesial root concavity that is not as prominent? a. Mandibular second molar b. Mandibular first molar c. Maxillary first molar d. Maxillary first premolar - ✔✔Man 2nd molar shallower mesial rt concavity 23. Which tooth has a furcation that is in the apical third to 1/2 of the tooth? - ✔✔max 1st pm ONLY PM to have 2 rts. furcs at 1/3-1/2 of apical of rt. 24. Which two of the following are functions of the stomach? a. Storage of ingested food until it is emptied into the small intestine b. Stimulated by PANS c. Secretion of HC1 and enzymes that initiate digestion d. Inhibited by SANS - ✔✔a. Storage of ingested food until it is emptied into the small intestine c. Secretion of HC1 and enzymes that initiate digestion 26. A patient's mandibular first permanent molar's mesiobuccal groove is in a mesial relationship to the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first permanent molar. What classification of occlusion is this? a. Class Ib. Class II c. Class III d. Class IV - ✔✔c. Class III 27. Which of the following teeth has a long lingual root that usually extends beyond the lingual surface of the crown? a. Mandibular first molar b. Maxillary first molar c. Mandibular second molar d. Maxillary second molar - ✔✔a. max 1st molar 28. Which tooth may have a lingual groove extending from the crown to the root? - ✔✔max lat 34. What sweetener is found in plants and can interfere with the metabolism of s. Mutans? a. Glucose b. Sorbitol c. Xylitol d. Mannitol - ✔✔c. xylitol 35. What is the recommended daily allowance for digestible carbohydrates? a. 50-100 g/day b. 130 g/day c. 100-150 g/day d. 175 g/day - ✔✔b. 130 g / day 36. Carbohydrates are an energy source for the growth and repair of periodontal tissues.A firm texture of complex carbohydrates may increase circulation in gingival tissue. a. Both statements are true b. The first statement is true, the second statement is false c. The first statement is false, the second statement is true d. Both statements are false - ✔✔a - Both statements are true. carbs aid in growth and repair of Perio tissues, and firm carb textures increase circulation in ging tissue. 37. Yogurt is not recommended for lactose intolerant patients. Lactose intolerance may be due to a congenital absence of lactase. a. Both statements are true b. The first statement is true, the second statement is false c. The first statement is false, the second statement is true d. Both statements are false - ✔✔c - Yogurt is recommended for lactose intolerant patients, because the lactose is digested by the yogurt. 38. Which leukocyte is associated with acute inflammation?a. Neutrophils b. Basophils c. Eosinophils d. Mast cells - ✔✔a - Neutrophils associated with acute inflam 39. If an antibody is produced by an individual and passed on to another, such as a mother to her child, what type of immunity is this? a. Naturally active b. Naturally passive c. Artificially active d. Artificially passive - ✔✔b - Naturally passive acquired immunity is when antibodies are passed from one individual toanother. 40. MATCH the following symptoms to the appropriate disease condition. ___ Fifth's Disease ___ Shingles ___ Herpes ___ Syphilis ___ Mumps a. Fever, swollen parotid gland b. Red, lacy rashc. clear, fluid-like blisters on the lips d. Fever, itching, and red rash on one side of the body e. Small, round nodule on the lip or tongue - ✔✔_B__ Fifth's Disease --> red lacy rash _D__ Shingles--> fever, itching and red rash on one side of body. _C__ Herpes--> clear, fluid-like blister on lip __E_ Syphilis--> small, round nodule on lip or tongue __A_ Mumps--> fever, swollen parotid gland. 41. Which Hepatitis virus is transmitted through a fecal-oral route? - ✔✔Hepatitis A fecal - cAcA 42. Which three of the following symptoms are signs found in a child that may have hypothyroidism? a. Enlarged tongue b. Delayed tooth eruption c. Enlarged lips d. Periodontal disease - ✔✔a. Enlarged tongue b. Delayed tooth eruption c. Enlarged lips 43. Which disease of the bone marrow exhibits abnormally low levels of white blood cells (WBCs)? a. Neutropenia b. Leukopenia c. Leukemiad. Multiple myeloma - ✔✔b. Leukopenia [leukimia - marrow cancer] 44. What is a common side effect of radiation and or chemotherapy that causes painful inflammation and ulceration of mucous membranes? a. Candida infections b. Osteoradionecrosis c. Sore throat d. Mucositis - ✔✔d. Mucositis 46. Which of the following microbes cannot perform or may be destroyed in the presence of oxygen? a. Microaerophiles b. Aerobes c. Facultative anaerobes d. Anaerobes - ✔✔d - Anaerobes absence of air AN [no/not/without] AERO [air] 51. What is a natural chemotherapeutic compound that is produced by a bacterium and will inhibit or kill bacteria? a. Antibiotic b. Allergyc. Immunity d. Vaccination - ✔✔a - Antibiotics [such as penicillin or amoxicillin are chemotherapeutic compounds that will inhibit orkill bacteria and is produced by a bacterium] 52. A highly infectious condition that leaves pustules and itchy yellow scabs around the mouth and face is called _______. - ✔✔mpetigo *due to staph or strep infections, it is highly contagious. 54. Which two Hepatitis viral strains are spread through sexual contact? a. Hep A b. Hep B c. Hep C d. Hep E - ✔✔b. Hep B [sex] c. Hep C [sex] Hep A ==> cAcA 55. Which of the following is NOT a sign of leukemia? a. Abnormal bruising b. Spontaneous sulcular bleeding c. Pallor of the gingivad. Red gingival tissues - ✔✔c - Pallor of the gingiva - not a symptom of leukemia. Instead, gingiva will appear red and tenderto the touch, as well as exhibit bruising and bleeding 56. What bone disease is most common in children and involves abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissues? a. Fibrous dysplasia b. Osteoporosis c. Paget's disease d. Neoplasia - ✔✔a - Fibrous dysplasia involves two types: Monostoticand Polyostotic. 57. The most common form of oral cancer is: - ✔✔b - Squamous cell carcinoma 58. Which cardiovascular disease is associated with periodontal disease, placing an emphasis on improving oral health in an attempt to reduce the risk of disease? a. Cerebrovascular disease b. Hypertension c. Congestive heart failure d. Coronary artery atherosclerosis - ✔✔d. Coronary artery atherosclerosis 59. Local anesthetics containing vasoconstrictors should not be administered to asthma patients. It also should not be used for patients that suffer from emphysema. a. Both statements are trueb. Both statements are false c. The first statement is true, the second statement is false d. The first statement is false, the second statement is true - ✔✔c - The first statement is true; the second statement is false. Local anesthetics containingvasoconstrictors should not be given to asthma patients because it may cause reduced oxygenflow in the body, but they may be administered to patients with emphysema 60. What type of seizure exhibits symptoms of jerking motions and no loss of consciousness? a. Status epilepticus b. Petit mal c. Grand mal d. None of the above - ✔✔b. Petit mal 62. Wedge-shaped lesions along the cervical margin of the teeth are referred to as _________. a. Erosion b. Abrasion c. Abfraction d. Attrition - ✔✔c. Abfraction 63. A condition of the oral tissues due to hormonal changes during pregnancy is called ___________. a. Pyogenic granuloma b. Sialolith c. Gingival hyperplasia d. Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia - ✔✔a. Pyogenic granuloma66. Supernumerary teeth usually exhibit microdontia. They are most commonly found in the maxilla. a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false c. The first statement is true, the second statement is false d. The first statement is false, the second statement is true - ✔✔a - Both statements are true. Supernumerary teeth typically exhibit microdontia (small in size) andare in the maxilla, typically distal to the 3rd molars or between the upper central incisors 72. What is the term used to describe a sharp bend or curve in the root of a formed tooth? a. Concrescence b. Dilaceration c. Fusion d. Gemination - ✔✔b. Dilaceration 72. Which is NOT appropriate for tooth preparation when placing a sealant? a. Air polishing b. Rubber cup polish with prophy paste c. Rubber cup polish with pumice d. Prophy brush polish with pumice - ✔✔b? 73. What two medications are contraindicated for children due to the risk of developing Reye'ssyndrome?a. Acetaminophen b. Aspirin c. Ipubrophen d. Bayer - ✔✔b. Aspirinc. d. Bayer 75. The SANS enables the body to maintain bodily function during normal activities. The PANSenables the body to function during emergencies. a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false c. The first statement is true, the second statement is false d. The first statement is false, the second statement is true - ✔✔b - Both statements are false. reverse The PANS enables normal activity function while the SANS enables emergency functions. 76. Which two of the following are typical effects or reactions while using Adrenergic medications? a. Vasoconstriction b. Bronchodilation c. CNS depression d. Lowered blood pressure - ✔✔a. Vasoconstriction b. Bronchodilation while vessels constrict, bronchials dilate. 77. What is the pharmaceutical dose that produces 50% of the maximum response in 50% of subjects?a. Lethal dose b. Log dose c. Effective dose d. Duration - ✔✔c - Effective dosages * only effectiv to xyz.. are the amount of a prescription drug dose that produce 50% of themaximum response of the expected outcome in 50% of the subjects taking the medication 78. Which of the following is NOT an anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs)? a. Diazepam b. Ibuprophen c. Naproxen d. Diflunisal - ✔✔a. Diazepam (valium) 79. Which of the following is TRUE about local anesthetic agents? a. They should be non-potent .b. They should be irreversible. c. They should have a rapid onset. d. They have a short shelf life .e. Both c and d only. - ✔✔c. They should have a rapid onset. 80. Which of the following are advantages of nitrous-oxide use in the dental office?a. Nonflammable b. May be used on children c. Rapid onset and recovery d. All of the above - ✔✔d. All of the above a. Nonflammable b. May be used on children c. Rapid onset and recovery 81. What sedative medications provide a wide therapeutic index and are safer than barbiturates? a. Analgesics b. NSAIDs c. Salicylates d. Benzodiazepines - ✔✔d - Benzodiazepines provide a wide therapeutic index 82. Which drug used in the dental office should be avoided during treatment of a pregnant patient? a. NSAIDs b. Epinephrine c. Amoxicillin d. All of the above - ✔✔a. NSAIDs 83. Which medication is known to cause gingival hyperplasia? a. Dilantin b. Diflucan c. Dyazided. Neurontin - ✔✔a - Dilantin (phenytoin) along the papillary and marginal gingiva. 84. What is the primary site for drug metabolism? a. Pancreas b. Liver c. Small intestine d. Cardiovascular system - ✔✔b. Liver 85. What cardiovascular agents cause vasodilation of the blood vessels? a. Antiarrhythmic drugs b. Antihypertensive drugs c. Calcium channel blockers d. Anticoagulants - ✔✔c - Calcium channel blockers vasodilate the blood vessels to relax resistance. This decreases bloodpressure and allows blood to flow easier throughout the cardiovascular system. 86. Nystatin is used to treat: - ✔✔Oral candidiasis 87. The small elevated tissue opposite of the maxillary second molar: a. Parotid duct b. Parotid gland c. Parotid papilla d. Mucobuccal fold - ✔✔c - The parotid papillais a tissue mass that protects the opening of the parotid duct of the parotidsalivary gland. This duct is also called the Stenson's duct. 90. Which branch of the trigeminal nerve provides nerve supply to the maxillary posterior lingual periodontium? a. Middle superior alveolar nerve b. Greater palatine nerve c. Nasopalatine nerve d. Inferior alveolar nerve - ✔✔b - The greater palatine nerve 95. What is a function of the small intestine? a. Absorb nutrients and minerals from food b. Absorb water from indigestible food c. Breakdown and digest food d. Reabsorb fluids and process waste products - ✔✔a. Absorb nutrients and minerals from food (90%) 96. What should be done prior to administering a breath to the unconscious patient that is notbreathing? a. Check the airway for obstruction b. Listen for a breath c. Check for circulation d. Administer chest compressions - ✔✔a??? 97. Tuberculosis is transmitted by what means? - ✔✔airborne particles called droplet nuclei, TB transmission98. What are two examples of fecal-oral transmission? a. Contaminated water supply b. Mosquitos c. Ticks d. Inadequate handwashing - ✔✔a. Contaminated water supply d. Inadequate handwashing 99. All of the following are monosaccharides except: a. Glucose b. Fructose c. Galactose d. Maltose - ✔✔d. Maltose glucose and glucose 100. A blood pressure reading of 148/90 is considered: - ✔✔hypertensive - stage 2. Hypertension - 102. An extra chromosome associated with Down syndrome - ✔✔Trisomy 21 Trisomy 18 is associated ==> Edwards syndrome and Trisomy 13 ==> Patau syndrome. 103. When B-cell lymphocytes divide and form plasma cells, they produce:a. Immunoglobulins b. Immunogens c. Monocyte d. Macrophage - ✔✔b. Immunogens ntibodies, which consist of IgA, IgE, IgD, IgG andIgM. 104. What teeth are nonsuccedaneous? a. All primary canine teeth b. All permanent premolar teeth c. All permanent molar teeth d. All permeant anterior teeth - ✔✔c. All permanent molar teeth 106. Which teeth have the greatest depth of curvature of the CEJ on the mesial surface? a. Mandibular Lateral incisors b. Maxillary canine c. Mandibular centrals d. Maxillary centrals - ✔✔d - central incisors have the greatest depth of curvature on the mesial, --they also have the largest height of contour for both labial and lingual surfaces. 107. What sterilization technique uses oxidation to sterilize dental instruments? a. Autoclave b. Unsaturated chemical vapor c. Dry Heatd. Ultrasonic - ✔✔b. Unsaturated chemical vapor 108. A patient that has a mild systemic disease and may or may not have special considerations in regards to his or her dental management, would be considered what type of ASA Classification? - ✔✔Type II. 110. What is the vertical overlap of the maxillary and mandibular incisors considered? a. Overjet b. Overbite - ✔✔b. Overbite 111. What is the dominant bacterium in the initial plaque stage? a. Gram positive streptococcus b. Gram negative streptococcus c. Spirochetes d. Gram negative rods - ✔✔a. Gram positive streptococcus plaque 112. At what pH is a root demineralized? a. 4.5-5.5 b. 5.5-5.9 c. 6.0-6.7 d. 6.5-7.4 - ✔✔c. 6.0-6.7 113. Tobacco is considered what type of stain?a. Intrinsic b. Extrinsic c. Exogenous d. Endogenous - ✔✔c. Exogenous 114. Which of the following conditions would respond to therapeutic diagnosis? a. Bone cyst b. Angular cheilitis c. Fordyce granules d. Paget disease - ✔✔b - Angular cheilitis others listed will not respond to therapeutictherapies 115. A dense, nonmineralized complex mass of bacteria that forms a gel-like matrix: a. Acquired pellicle b. Biofilm - ✔✔b. Biofilm 116. Which of the following is not a major component of saliva that helps protect against dental caries? a. Calcium b. Phosphate c. iron d. Fluoride - ✔✔c. iron 117. Which nerve innervates the tooth pulp on the mandible?a. Mental b. Long Buccal c. Posterior Superior Alveolar d. Inferior Alveolar - ✔✔d. Inferior Alveolar 118. Which of the following cranial nerves is not a sensory nerve? a. Trochlear b. Olfactory c. Optic d. Vestibulocochlear - ✔✔a - The Trochlea some - oh say--oh marry--oh money--to but--touch my --and bro--feel says --vain big --girls brains--vagina matter --ah more--heaven 119. Which of the following is not a major salivary gland? a. Submandibular b. Sublingualc. Parotid d. Wharton - ✔✔d - Warton's part of submandibular gland. 120. In what order does the blood flow from the heart to the lungs? Put the following in the correctorder. a. Right Atrium b. Right Ventricle c. Tricuspid Valve d. Superior and Inferior Vena Cava e. Lungs f. Pulmonary Artery - ✔✔d,-vena cava a,-rt atrium c,- tricuspid b,-rt vent f, -pulm artery e- lungs