NUR 201 Foundations Exam 3 Study Guide 2022 update

Chapter 6: Health and Wellness 1. REF:66 A nurse is teaching about the goals of Healthy People 2020. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? ANS: A - Eliminate health disparities in America ...

Chapter 6: Health and Wellness 1. REF:66 A nurse is teaching about the goals of Healthy People 2020. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? ANS: A - Eliminate health disparities in America. The nurse should include eliminating health disparities in America. Healthy People 2020 promotes a society in which all people live long, healthy lives. There are four overarching goals: (1) attain high quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death; (2) achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups; (3) create social and physical environments that promote good health for all; and (4) promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages. 2. REF:66 A nurse is following the goals of Healthy People 2020 to provide care. Which action should the nurse take? ANS: C - Create social and physical environments that promote good health. Healthy People 2020 includes four goals, one of which is to create social and physical environments that promote good health for all. The goals do not include continuing current behaviors to reduce stress, focusing only on health changes for communities, or focusing on fast recuperation. 3. REF:66 A nurse is using the World Health Organization definition of health to provide care. Which area will the nurse focus on while providing care? ANS: B - Making sure to involve the whole person The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a “state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” Therefore, nurses’ attitudes toward health and illness should consider the total person, as well as the environment in which the person lives. All people free of disease are not necessarily healthy. Strictly personal and a focus only on pathological states do not correlate to WHO’s definition. 4. REF:66 The nurse is preparing a smoking cessation class for family members of patients with lung cancer. The nurse believes that the class will convert many smokers to nonsmokers once they realize the benefits of not smoking. Which health care model is the nurse following? ANS: A - Health belief model The health belief model addresses the relationship between a person’s beliefs and behaviors. The holistic health model recognizes the natural healing abilities of the body and incorporates complementary and alternative interventions such as music therapy. The health promotion model focuses on the following three areas: (1) individual characteristics and experiences, (2) behavior specific knowledge and affect, and (3) behavioral outcomes, in which the patient commits to or changes a behavior. Maslow’s’ hierarchy of needs is based on the theory that all people share basic human needs, and the extent to which basic needs are met is a major factor in determining a person’s level of health. 5. REF:67-68 A nurse is using Maslow’s hierarchy to prioritize care for an anxious patient that is not eating and will not see family members. Which area should the nurse address first? ANS: B - Not eating According to Maslow, in all cases an emergent physiological need takes precedence over a higherlevel need. Nutrition is a physiological need and should be addressed first. Anxiety, mental health, and not seeing family members are all higher-level needs. 6. REF:68-69 The patient is reporting moderate incisional pain that was not relieved by the last dose of pain medication. The patient is not due for another dose of medication for another 2 1/2 hours. The nurse repositions the patient, asks what type of music the patient likes, and sets the television to the channel playing that type of music. Which health care model is the nurse using? ANS: B - Holistic health model The holistic health model recognizes the natural healing abilities of the body and incorporates complementary and alternative interventions such as music therapy. The health belief model addresses the relationship between a person’s beliefs and behaviors. The health promotion model notes that each person has unique personal characteristics and experiences that affect subsequent actions. The basic human needs model believes that the extent to which basic needs are met is a major factor in determining a person’s level of health. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a model that nurses use to understand the interrelationships of basic human needs. 7. REF:69 | 74 A nurse is assessing internal variables that are affecting the patient’s health status. Which area should the nurse assess? ANS: A - Perception of functioning Internal variables include a person’s developmental stage, intellectual background, perception of functioning, and emotional and spiritual factors. External variables influencing a person’s health beliefs and practices include family practices, socioeconomic factors, and cultural background. 8. REF:69-70 | 74 The nurse is admitting a patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. It is the fourth time the patient is being admitted in the last 6 months for high blood sugars. During the admission process, the nurse asks the patient about employment status and displays a nonjudgmental attitude. What is the rationale for the nurse’s actions? ANS: B - A person’s compliance is affected by economic status. A person’s compliance with treatment is affected by economic status. A person tends to give a higher priority to food and shelter than