PAX Science NLN Exam Latest 2022 Rated A+

PAX Science NLN Exam Latest 2022 Rated A A person blows his breath into a straw that is placed in limewater. The limewater becomes cloudy because the person's breath contains A.) carbon dioxide. B.) hydrogen. C.) o ...

PAX Science NLN Exam Latest 2022 Rated A A person blows his breath into a straw that is placed in limewater. The limewater becomes cloudy because the person's breath contains A.) carbon dioxide. B.) hydrogen. C.) oxygen. D.) nitrogen. Correct Answer-answer: carbon dioxide. A physician measures the pulse and blood pressure (BP) of all patients on a routine basis. Which of these measurements show the normal BP values for a resting adult patient? A.) 125/95 mm Hg B.) 120/80 mm Hg C.) 100/80 mm Hg D.) 72/120 mm Hg Correct Answer-answer: 120/80 mm Hg A woman suddenly chokes on a piece of food and clutches frantically at her throat. An immediate remedy is to A.) have her bend forward and tell her to cough. B.) insert a finger or a blunt object toward the back of the mouth. C.) apply quick, hard pressures successively to her abdomen, just beneath her diaphragm. D.) phone "emergency" for help. Correct Answer-answer: apply quick, hard pressures successively to her abdomen, just beneath her diaphragm. An unknown gas is more dense than air, does not support combustion, and turns a limewater solution cloudy. This gas is most probablyA.) ammonia. B.) methane. C.) carbon dioxide. C.) hydrogen. Correct Answer-answer: carbon dioxide. Human testes produce A.) eggs. B.) follicle stimulating hormone. C.) growth hormone. D.) spermatozoa. Correct Answer-answer: spermatozoa. If a red light is passed through a dilute solution of chlorophyll solution, the spectrophotometer will detect what amount of transmittance of this light? A.) 100% B.) 50 - 75% C.) Less than 25% D.) None Correct Answer-answer: 50 - 75% In diagnostic testing, the electroencephalogram permits the physician to A.) examine the impulses of the specialized muscle cells of the heart. B.) examine the impulses of the nerve cells within the brain. C.) measure the pressure within the eye. D.) measure the amount of air upon exhalation. Correct Answer-answer: examine the impulses of the nerve cells within the brain.To sterilize a metal probe in the office, a dentist could use a steam sterilizer. If unavailable, the next most effective method to sterilize the instrument would be A.) boiling it in water for 15 minutes. B.) dipping it into a concentrated acid solution. C.) heating it in a hot air oven at 160°C for 20 minutes. D.) washing it in soap and water. Correct Answer-answer: boiling it in water for 15 minutes. In varieties of matter, the term heterogeneous may be applied to A.) elements, but not compounds. B.) compounds, but not elements. C.) compounds and elements, but not mixtures. D.) mixtures, but not elements or compounds. Correct Answer-answer: mixtures, but not elements or compounds. Heat energy is absorbed in which of these phase changes? A.) Br2 (l) -> Br2(s) B.) Br2 (g) --> Br2(l) C.) Br2 (l) -> Br2(g) D.) Br2 (g) -> Br2(s) Correct Answer-answer: Br2 (l) -> Br2(g) Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the A.) gum tissue that surrounds the neck of each tooth. B.) pulp that contains nerve cells and blood vessels of the tooth. C.) dentin that surrounds the soft part of a tooth. D.) enamel that provides a hard surface for chewing. Correct Answer-answer: gum tissue that surrounds the neck of each tooth.The atoms of an element with seven valence electrons are most probably classified as A.) metals. B.) nonmetals. C.) metalloids. D.) noble gases. Correct Answer-answer: nonmetals. The inherited factors that are transmitted in an organism from generation to generation are called its A.) homozygote. B.) heterozygote. C.) genotype. D.) phenotype. Correct Answer-answer: genotype. The process of nuclear cell division in the cell reproduction of plants differs from mammals. A major difference is that A.) homologous chromosomes are paired. B.) centrioles are replicated. C.) spindle fibers are missing. D.) cell plates are synthesized. Correct Answer-answer: cell plates are synthesized. Unicellular organisms that have a nucleus and can swim with the aid of cilia are examples of A.) monerans. B.) plants. C.) fungi. D.) protozoans. Correct Answer-answer: protozoans.Which of these conditions is associated with smoking? A.) Esophageal varices. B.) Tonsillitis. C.) Emphysema. D.) Blindness. Correct Answer-answer: Emphysema. Which of these equations best illustrates a synthesis reaction? A.) 2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl B.) NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O C.) 2H2O2 -> 2H2O + O2 D.) CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O Correct Answer-answer: 2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl Which of these hydrocarbons is a member of the benzene family? A.) Toluene. B.) Ethyne. C.) Propanone. D.) Methanol. Correct Answer-answer: Toluene. Which of these quantities is most closely associated with an object's inertia? A.) Weight. B.) Energy. C.) Power. D.) Mass. Correct Answer-answer: MassWhich of these sequences of anatomic organization, from the simplest level to the most complex, is the correct sequence? A.) From tissue, organ, organ system to organism. B.) From organ system, organ, tissue to organism. C.) From tissue, organ system, organ to organism. D.) From organ, organ system, tissue to organism. Correct Answer-answer: From tissue, organ, organ system to organism Which of these single instruments may be used to measure the current flowing through a circuit? A.) A voltmeter. B.) An ammeter. C.) A potentiometer. D.) An ohmmeter. Correct Answer-answer: An ammeter. Which of these temperatures is known as Absolute Zero? A.) 0°C B.) 0 K C.) positive 273°C D.) negative 273 K Correct Answer-answer: 0 K Which part of the human central nervous system controls voluntary movements? A.) Spinal cord. B.) Cerebellum. C.) Cerebrum. D.) Medulla. Correct Answer-answer: Cerebrum.Within which of these structures of the female reproductive tract is the human egg fertilized? A.) Uterus. B.) Fallopian tube. C.) Vagina. D.) Cervix. Correct Answer-answer: Fallopian tube. You cut your finger rather deeply while slicing an apple. Which of these actions should you take first? A.) Apply a sterile adhesive bandage. B.) Press the cut surface to stop the flow of blood. C.) Swab the wound with mild antiseptic. D.) Wash the wound continuously with cold running water. Correct Answer-answer: Wash the wound continuously with cold running water. A lens that focuses distant light to a single point is known as a A.) converging lens. B.) diverging lens. C.) concave lens. D.) prismatic lens. Correct Answer-answer: converging lens. A magician rapidly pulls a tablecloth from a table, leaving the dishes undisturbed. Which of these principles of physics explains this "trick"? A.) Gravitational force depends directly on mass. B.) Objects at rest tend to remain at rest. C.) Force equals mass times acceleration.D.) An object traveling at constant velocity has no net force on it. Correct Answer-answer: Objects at rest tend to remain at rest. A quantity that has both magnitude and direction is called a(n) A.) resultant. B.) scalar. C.) vector. D.) undefined unit. Correct Answer-answer: vector. A recently discovered species has these characteristics: amniotic eggs, a four-chambered heart, and lightweight, honeycombed bones. Which of these ADDITIONAL characteristics is likely to be present? A.) Mammary glands. B.) External fertilization. C.) Ectotherms. D.) Feathers for flying. Correct Answer-answer: Feathers for flying. Amnesia in humans is the loss of memory. Which of these parts of the brain has been affected when someone is suffering from amnesia caused by head trauma? A.) Cerebral cortex. B.) Cerebellum. C.) Medulla oblongata. D.) Spinal cord. Correct Answer-answer: Cerebral cortex. An example of the most complex level of organization in a frog is the A.) epithelium. B.) striated muscle.C.) respiratory system. D.) stomach. Correct Answer-answer: respiratory system. Anaerobic respiration occurs in muscle tissue when it cannot get sufficient oxygen to function aerobically. Which of these conditions is most likely to directly result from this? A.) Cramps. B.) Necrosis. C.) Bleeding. D.) Swelling. Correct Answer-answer: Cramps Enzymes that are involved in biochemical reactions are organic A.) colloids. B.) catalysts. C.) cathodes. D.) constants. Correct Answer-answer: Catalysts In a study on the effect of cocaine on the brains of rats, two groups of animals were selected. Each day, Group A was injected with the drug dissolved in water, whereas Group B was injected with water alone. In such a study Group B is included as A.) an experimental group. B.) a test group. C.) an exercise group. D.) a control group. Correct Answer-answer: a control group. In corn plants, the gene that codes for the presence of chlorophyll is sometimes missing. The resulting seedlings are albino and will not survive. This lethal gene appears in corn populations becauseA.) the soil nutrients will not allow the plant to produce chlorophyll. B.) the parent plants that produced the seeds carried the recessive gene for the albino trait. C.) the farmer used herbicides, which destroyed the chlorophyll in the seedlings. D.) the seeds were old and stored improperly, resulting in the lethal trait. Correct Answer-answer: the parent plants that produced the seeds carried the recessive gene for the albino trait In the reaction of iron with water shown below, what coefficient must be placed before the iron (Fe) to balance the reaction? Fe + 4H2O ° Fe3O4 + 4H2 A.) 2 B.) 3 C.) 4 D.) 6 Correct Answer-answer: 3 A circuit contains three 3-ohm (W) resistors in series. What is the equivalent resistance of this combination? Correct Answer-answer: 9W An example of an adaptation to prevent water loss in plants is Correct Answer-answer: waxy epidermis At room temperature, which of these substances exists as diatomic molecules? Correct Answer-answer: oxygen Compounds with the same type and number of atoms and the same chemical bonds but different spatial arrangements of these bonds and atoms are called Correct Answer-answer: structural isomers. The calorie and the kilocalorie are units of Correct Answer-answer: energy The force of gravity on an object is that object's Correct Answer-answer: weight The light sensitive cells of the eye are called rods and cones. Which of these layers of the eye are they found in? Correct Answer-answer: retinaThe meiotic division of cells leads to the production of cells that Correct Answer-answer: contain half the usual number of chromosomes. The most probable area of study that would show the prevalence of mental illness in mid-Manhattan is that of Correct Answer-answer: epidemiology The normal boiling temperature for water is 100° when measured on which of these scales? Correct Answer-answer: celsius What is the pH of a solution whose H+ ion concentration is 1 x 10-2 mole per liter? Correct Answeranswer: 2 When a column of air is vibrating at the same rate as a tuning fork, the process is referred to as Correct Answer-answer: resonance When a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which of these conditions must be present? Correct Answer-answer: The population is isolated from other populations. When three resistors of 10.0 ohms each are placed in series, the total resistance is Correct Answeranswer: 30.0 ohms Which of these changes occurs in the kidneys when a person becomes dehydrated? Correct Answeranswer: The filtration rate of water remains constant and the reabsorption of water increases. Which of these could be stopped by a sheet of paper? Correct Answer-answer: Alpha particle Which of these is an example of a simple machine? Correct Answer-answer: lever, pulley, inclined plane Which of these organisms might be found in contaminated well water? Correct Answer-answer: GiardiaWhich of these processes occurs at a neuromuscular junction? Correct Answer-answer: Impulse transmission. 1 kilogram (kg) of solid X at 10°C and 1 kg of solid Y at 10°C each absorb 5 joules of heat energy. The final temperatures of X and Y are 15°C and 20°C, respectively. Compared to X, Y must have a lower Correct Answer-answer: specific heat A drop of dilute ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) is placed on one side of a slide containing a large number of swimming paramecium. Under this condition, which of these behaviors of the paramecia will be observed? Correct Answer-answer: They will eventually all swim away from the ammonium hydroxide. A physician measures the pulse and blood pressure (BP) of all patients on a routine basis. Which of these measurements show the normal BP values for a resting adult patient? Correct Answer-answer: 120/.80 mmHg Which of these processes is responsible for the recorded production of CO2 by yeast cells from sugar solution? Correct Answer-answer: anaerobic respiration In classical physics, light is viewed as part of the electromagnetic spectrum, traveling in the form of transverse waves. Quantum physics proposes that light is composed of quanta called Correct Answeranswer: photons Enzymes that are involved in biochemical reactions are organic Correct Answer-answer: catalysts How much current is drawn by a light bulb that has a resistance of 100 R with a voltage of 110 V? (V = IR) Correct Answer-answer: 1.1 amperes Sodium will react most readily with Correct Answer-answer: chlorine The watt is a unit of Correct Answer-answer: powerThe boiling point of liquid nitrogen at one atmosphere pressure is 77 K. This temperature is equivalent to. Correct Answer-answer: - 196 C The energy associated with an object's position is termed Correct Answer-answer: potential energy The extension of a neuron that carries the impulse to another cell is called Correct Answer-answer: axon What is the correct sequence in the life cycle of a moth? Correct Answer-answer: Egg, larva, pupa, adult. When water passes from a region of greater concentration to a region of lesser concentration through a selectively permeable membrane, the process is known as Correct Answer-answer: osmosis Which of these experiments would be an effective way to determine the distribution of touch receptors in the skin? Correct Answer-answer: Have a blindfolded student tell when a bristle placed lightly against the skin is felt. Which of these processes is used to free contaminated water of bacteria? Correct Answer-answer: Passing it through charcoal. Which of these structures produces sperm cells in human males? Correct Answer-answer: testes What is a gram stain? Correct Answer-answer: an important technique used in the laboratory thatdistinguishes between different kinds of bacterial cell walls. Reducing the use of aeresol cans has contributed to the decrease of? Correct Answer-answer: the destruction of the ozone layer The atomic number of flourine is 9. How many electrons are contained in the second principal energy level of a flourine atom in the ground state? Correct Answer-answer: 7 The second law of thermodynamics states that with every spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe Correct Answer-answer: increasesWhen blood is filtered in the kidney and urine is produced, red blood cells and plasma proteins do not pass through the blood capillaries. This occurs because Correct Answer-answer: blood and plasma proteins are needed by the body, so they do not get filtered out into the kidney. Which of these germ layers gives rise to the skin? Correct Answer-answer: ectoderm A material that settles out of a reaction is termed a Correct Answer-answer: colloid According to the Ideal Gas Equation (PV = nRT), if the temperature and amount of gas are kept constant, what will be the effect of an increase in pressure on the volume of a gas? Correct Answer-answer: As the pressure increases, the volume decreases. All living cells contain cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is important because it Correct Answer-answer: controls what moves in and out of the cell. All of these groups of land plants produce seeds EXCEPT Correct Answer-answer: evergreen trees, such as pines and spruces. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution suggests that the reason for the various differences between species is a result of Correct Answer-answer: natural selection In order to observe the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell, a scientist would use Correct Answer-answer: an electron microscope Scientists have discovered that most vertebrates have cone cells in their eyes, which distinguish colors in daylight. The rods are more sensitive to light, but do not distinguish colors. If a mammal is nocturnal Correct Answer-answer: there are fewer cones and a greater concentration of rods to collect the minimal light for night vision. The functional group present in all alcohols is the Correct Answer-answer: hydroxyl groupThe scientific name of the wolf is Canis lupus. The name indicates the wolf's Correct Answer-answer: genus and species The weight of an adult human in newtons (N) is closest to Correct Answer-answer: 500 N When two atoms share a pair of electrons, the bond between them is called Correct Answer-answer: covalent When a sperm and egg join to form a zygote in humans, what determines the sex of the child that is produced? Correct Answer-answer: sperm Which of these arrangements of atoms is found in all alcohols? Correct Answer-answer: C-OH Which of these units is associated with magnitude, but not direction? Correct Answer-answer: Time Which aspect of a simple machine is represented by the ratio work output to work input? Correct Answer-answer: Actual mechanical advantage. 30 students in a class carefully measure the length and width of 20 peanut shells. They also count the number and note the size of the peanuts inside. This information is recorded on various graphs showing the numbers of nuts and the different sizes. The collected evidence of the peanuts gives the students an idea of the extent of Correct Answer-answer: variation within a species. A lens that focuses distant light to a single point is known as a Correct Answer-answer: converging lens. During exercise, a person's respiratory rate increases due to Correct Answer-answer: an increase in CO2 concentration in the blood. Ganglia are made up of a cluster of Correct Answer-answer: neurons. To determine the optimum conditions for the activity of a digestive enzyme, it would be necessary to test its activity over a range of Correct Answer-answer: temperature, pH and substrate concentration.Which of these findings suggests a serious illness from a urinalysis? Correct Answer-answer: Presence of glucose and protein. As part of the human immune response, which of these cells are responsible for producing antibodies? Correct Answer-answer: lymphocytes A cell which manufactures a large amount of protein for export would have an abundance of organelles called Correct Answer-answer: ribosomes A lab technician has the choice of four different enzymes to use in an experiment that will run at 25°C. The optimal temperatures of enzymes using the Kelvin scale are: Enzyme A: 273 K, Enzyme B: 298 K, Enzyme C: 310 K, Enzyme D: 325 K. Which enzyme would be the best to use in this experiment? Correct Answer-answer: Enzyme B If a person is fasting for 24 hours and ingests no carbohydrates, the liver will provide for the body's need by Correct Answer-answer: converting glycogen into glucose. The physics principle that is primarily used in developing a rollercoaster ride is Correct Answer-answer: centripetal force Whole blood of type AB can be transfused to people with which of these types of blood? Correct Answer-answer: AB only Which of these organ systems does NOT provide for the excretion of substances? Correct Answeranswer: lymphatic Which of these processes is illustrated by the spreading out of ammonia vapor in a closed room? Correct Answer-answer: Diffusion Which human body system does meiosis occur in? Correct Answer-answer: reproductive Which biochemical family do starch and glycogen belong in? Correct Answer-answer: carbohydratesThe succession of flora and fauna encountered while climbing a mountain in the northern hemisphere is similar to that found when traveling from the base of the same mountain in which of these general directions? Correct Answer-answer: North When steel wool (mostly iron) burns, its mass increases. The best explanation of this observation is that Correct Answer-answer: the iron oxide formed has more mass than the iron alone. The number of complete waves which pass a point in one second is known as a Correct Answer-answer: frequency An example of an adaptation to prevent water loss in plants is Correct Answer-answer: waxy epidermis A circuit contains three 3-ohm (W) resistors in series. What is the equivalent resistance of this combination? Correct Answer-answer: 9 W Which of these quantities is a vector quantity? Correct Answer-answer: force Which of these substances carries energy within cells and is produced as a result of cellular respiration Correct Answer-answer: ATP Which of the structures contains valves to prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction? Correct Answer-answer: veins Which of these is an example of a simple machine? Correct Answer-answer: all of the above When three resistors of 10.0 ohms each are placed in series, the total resistance is Correct Answeranswer: 30.0 ohms When a drop of dilute nitric acid is added to water surrounding a hydra, the animal draws in its tentacles. The acid is acting as Correct Answer-answer: a stimulusWhen a column of air is vibrating at the same rate as a tuning fork, the process is referred to as Correct Answer-answer: Resonance Scientists have discovered that most vertebrates have cone cells in their eyes, which distinguishes colors in daylight. The rods are more sensitive to light, but do not distinguish colors. If a mammal is nocturnal Correct Answer-answer: There are fewer cones and a gre