BIOS 256 Final Exam Practice for Anatomy and Physiology II|250 Q&A Latest 2022 Already Passed

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BIOS 256 Final Exam Practice for Anatomy and Physiology II|250 Q&A Latest 2022 Already Passed 1. Anemia is caused by a defective gene resulting in abnormal hemoglobin: a. Hemorrhagic anemia b. Apl... astic Anemia c. Pernicous Anemia d. Sickle Cell Anemia Correct Answer-d. Sickle Cell Anemia 2. Which of the following has the function of defending against parasites? a. Erythrocyte b. Basophil c. Neutrophil d. Lymphocyte e. Eosinophil Correct Answer-e. Eosinophil 3. Blood clotting is dependent upon: a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin D c. Vitamin E d. Vitamin K e. Vitamin C Correct Answer-d. Vitamin K 4. Which of the following is involved in blood clotting? a. Erythrocyte b. Basophil c. Neutrophild. Thrombocyte e. Eosinophil Correct Answer-d. Thrombocyte 5. An excessive production of erythrocytes: a. Hemorrhagic anemia b. Polycythemia c. Pernicous anemia d. Sickle cell anemia Correct Answer-b. Polycythemia 6. Anemia caused by destruction of blood forming elements in bone marrow: a. Hemorrhagic anemia b. Aplastic anemia c. Pernicious anemia d. Sickle cell anemia Correct Answer-b. Aplastic anemia True or False: 7. Anemia is the inability of blood to carry sufficient oxygen to the tissues. Correct Answer-True 8. A diseased caused by Rh incompatibility: a. Sickle cell anemia b. Erythroblastosis Fetalis c. Iron deficiency anemia d. Leukemia e. Leukocytosis Correct Answer-b. Erythroblastosis Fetalis9. Blood without the clotting factors and formed elements is known as: a. Albumin b. Serum c. Plasma d. Globulin Correct Answer-b. Serum 10. In the ABO blood typing system, this is the "universal donor". a. Type A b. Type B c. Type AB d. Type O Correct Answer-d. Type O 11. Which of the following is a blood clotting protein? a. Albumin b. Fibrin c. Immunoglobulin d. Collagen Correct Answer-b. Fibrin 12. A foreign substance that can cause the body to produce an antibody: a. Antigen b. Immunoglobulin c. Albumin d. Collagen Correct Answer-a. Antigen 13. The formation or production of blood cells is known as: a. Anemiab. Hematopoiesis c. Hyperglycemia d. Hypoglycemia Correct Answer-b. Hematopoiesis 14. The three important plasma proteins are _________, __________, and _________. Correct Answer-Albumins, Globulins, and Fibrinogen 15. The two types of connective tissue that make blood cells are _________ and ________. Correct Answer-Myeloid and Lymphatic 16. The red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen is called ________. Correct AnswerHemoglobin 17. These white blood cells are the most numerous of the phagocytes: _________. Correct AnswerNeutrophils 18. These white blood cells produce antibodies to fight microbes: _________. Correct Answer-BLymphocytes, B-cells 19. Thrombin converts the inactive plasma protein __________ into a fibrous gel called __________. Correct Answer-Fibrinogen, Fibrin20. A _________ is an unneeded clot that stays in the place where it was found. Correct AnswerThrombus 21. If part of a blood clot is dislodged and circulates through the bloodstream, it is called an _________. Correct Answer-Embolus 22. A person with type AB blood has ________ and ________ antigens on the blood cells and _______ antibodies in the plasma. Correct Answer-A and B antigens, no antibodies 23. A person with type B blood has _____ antigens on the blood cells and _____ antibodies in the plasma. Correct Answer-B antigens, Anti-A antibodies 24. A condition called __________ _________ can develop if an Rh-negative mother produces antibodies against and Rh-positive fetus. Correct Answer-Erythroblastosis Fetalis 25. _______ are thicker chambers of the heart, which are sometimes called discharging chambers. Correct Answer-Ventricles 26. The _______ are thinner chambers of the heart, which are sometimes called the receiving chambers of the heart. Correct Answer-Atria27. The ventricles of the heart are separated into right and left sides by the ________. Correct Answer-Interventricular Septum 28. Another term for the visceral pericardium is the ________. Correct Answer-Epicardium 29. The heart valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle is called the ______ valve. Correct Answer-Tricuspid Atrioventricular (AV) 30. The term ________ refers to the volume of blood ejected from the ventricle during each beat. Correct Answer-Stroke Volume 31. The _______ is the pacemaker of the heart and causes the contraction of the atria. Correct Answer-Sinoatrial 32. The _______ are extensions of the atrioventricular fibers and cause the contraction of the ventricles. Correct Answer-Purkinje fibers 33. The ECG tracing that occurs when the ventricles depolarize is called the _________. Correct Answer-QRS complex 34. The ECG tracing that occurs when the atria depolarize is called the ________. Correct Answer-P Wave35. The ________ are the microscopic blood vessels in which substances are exchanged between the blood and tissues. Correct Answer-Capillaries 36. The innermost layer of tissue in an artery is called the ________ ________. Correct AnswerTunica Intima 37. The outermost layer of tissue in an artery is called the __________. Correct Answer-Tunica Adventitia 38. Systemic circulation involves moving of blood throughout the body; ______ involves moving blood from the heart to the lungs and back. Correct Answer-Pulmonary Circulation 39. The two structures in the developing fetus that allow most of the blood to bypass the lungs are the _______ and the ________. Correct Answer-Foramen Ovale, and Ductus Arteriosis 40. The strength of the heart contraction and blood volume are two factors that influence blood pressure are _______ and ______. Correct Answer-Blood Viscosity, and Heart Rate 41. Describe the following list of parts in order of where blood would flow from start to finish through the heart:42. Left atrium, tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular valve), right ventricle, left ventricle, pulmonary artery, right atrium, pulmonary semilunar valve. Correct Answer-1. Right Atrium- receives blood from the great veins 43. 2. Tricuspid Valve (right AV valve)- through to 44. 3. Right ventricle- sends it into the 45. 4. Pulmonary Semilunar valve- into the 46. 5. Pulmonary vein- blood returns to the heart oxygenated into the 47. 7. Left atrium 48. 8. Mitral Valve (Left AV valve) through to 49. 9. Left ventricle- mitral valve closes upon muscle contraction 50. 10. Aortic semilunar valve- opens and allows blood to flow out into the aorta 51. The most muscular chamber of the heart: a. Right Atrium b. Right Ventricle c. Left Atrium d. Left Ventricle Correct Answer-d. Left Ventricle 52. The "wall" separating the two ventricles: a. Atrioventricular septum b. Ineratrial septum c. Interventricular septum d. None of the above Correct Answer-c. Interventricular Septum 53. Which of the following is NOT a part of the electrical conductance system of the heart? a. sinoatrial node b. bundle of His c. Purkinje fibersd. sentinel node e. atrioventricular node Correct Answer-d. sentinal node 54. A major artery in the small intestine: a. superior mesentric b. internal carotid c. renal d. radial e. brachial Correct Answer-a. superior mesentric 55. During exercise, the greatest change in blood flow occurs in: a. the brain b. skeletal muscle c. the skin d. the kidneys e. cardiac muscle Correct Answer-b. skeletal muscle 56. The valve located between the right atrium and the right ventricle: a. tricuspid valve b. pulmonic valve c. mitral valve (bicuspid valve) d. aortic valve Correct Answer-a. tricuspid valve 57. True or False: 58. Polycythemia may increase blood viscosity (thickness) due to an increase in red blood cells and that may put a person at risk for a stroke or myocardial infarction. Correct Answer-True59. Function as exhange vessels for substances such as glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide: a. arteries b. capillaries c. veins Correct Answer-b. capillaries 60. The pulmonary veins carry: a. oxygenated blood b. deoxygenated blood Correct Answer-a. oxygenated blood 61. True or False: 62. The brachiocephalic artery supplying the right side of the body corresponds to the aorta that supplies the left side of the body. Correct Answer-True 63. In the fetus, this structure "shunts" blood from the right atrium to the left atrium allowing most of the blood to bypass the fetal lungs: a. aorta b. ductus arteriosus c. foramen ovale d. foramen rotundum Correct Answer-c. foramen ovale 64. The celiac artery supplies the: a. brain b. face c. thigh d. armpite. stomach Correct Answer-e. stomach 65. Hint: think of Celiac disease, a digestive condition where the immune system attacks gluten. 66. Contraction of the heart: a. diastole b. systole c. palpitation d. murmur Correct Answer-b. systole 67. The largest artery in the body: a. brachiocephalic trunk b. pulmonary artery c. common carotid artery d. aorta e. subclavian artery Correct Answer-d. aorta 68. Which of the following is NOT a valve in the heart? a. brachiocephalic valve b. pulmonic valve c. mitral valve (bicuspid valve) d. aortic valve Correct Answer-a. brachiocephalic valve 69. The valve located between the left atrium and the left ventricle: a. tricuspid valve b. pulmonic valve c. mitral valve (bicuspid valve)d. aortic valve Correct Answer-c. mitral valve (bicuspid valve) 70. True or False: 71. Angina pectoris is another name for myocardial infarction. Correct Answer-False 72. Angina pectoris, or stable angina, is generally chest pains and typically occurs in patients with prior existing heart disease. It occurs when the heart muscle is not getting as much blood as it needs. 73. The immunity that develops after a person has had a disease is an example of: a. active natural immunity b. passive natural immunity c. active artificial immunity d. passive artificial immunity Correct Answer-a. active natural immunity 74. The immunity that comes from the injection of antibodies made by another individual's immune system is an example of: a. active natural immunity b. passive natural immunity c. active artificial immunity d. passive artificial immunity Correct Answer-d. passive artificial immunity 75. The main cells involved in cell-mediated immunity are called _________. Correct Answer-T-cells, or T Lymphocytes76. The main cells involved in humoral immunity are the _______ cells. Correct Answer-B-cells, or B Lymphocytes 77. __________ cells develop in the Thymus gland. Correct Answer-T-cells, or T Lymphocytes 78. Some of the _________ cells can develop into memory cells. Correct Answer-B- cells, or B Lymphocytes 79. Lymph from about three-fourths of the body drains into the ___________. Correct AnswerThoracic Duct 80. Lymph from the right upper extremity and the right side of the head drains into the _________ ________ ________. Correct Answer-Right lymphatic duct 81. The enlarged, pouch-like structure is in the abdomen that serves as a storage area for lymph is called the ___________. Correct Answer-Cisterna chili 82. The many lymph vessels that enter the lymph node are called the ______ vessels. The single vessel leaving the lymph node is called the ______ vessel. Correct Answer-afferent vessels, efferent vessel83. The thymus gland is the site of maturation for these WBCs: ___________. It also produces the hormone _________. Correct Answer-T Lymphocytes (T-cells), Thymosin 84. The three pairs of tonsils are the _______ tonsils, the _______ tonsils, an the ________ tonsils. Correct Answer-Pharyngeal (adenoid), Palatine, Lingual 85. ___________ kills invading cells by drilling holes in their plasma membrane, which disrupts the sodium and water balance. Correct Answer-Compliment fixation 86. Macrophages were originally ________ that migrated into the tissues. Correct AnswerMonocytes 87. ________ cells produce antibodies. Correct Answer-B-cells 88. Lymphatic vessels in the walls of the small intestine: a. veins b. lacteals c. thoracic duct d. both a and b e. none of the above Correct Answer-b. lacteals 89. Injection of a vaccine (such as polio vaccine): a. natural active immunity b. natural passive immunityc. artificial active immunity d. artificial passive immunity Correct Answer-c. artificial active immunity 90. Which of the following is NOT a primary cell of the immune system? a. neutrophil b. erythrocyte c. monocyte d. T- Lymphocyte e. macrophage Correct Answer-b. erythrocyte 91. The spleen is: a. highly vascularized b. poorly vascularized Correct Answer-a. highly vascularized 92. Phagocytosis of bacteria is a form of: a. specific immunity b. non specific immunity Correct Answer-b. non specific immunity 93. Involution is a process by which and organ is replaced with connective tissue and fat. This is typical of the: a. spleen b. thymus c. thyroid d. tonsils e. stomach Correct Answer-b. thymus94. Lymph flow in the body: a. moves only toward the heart b. moves only away from the heart c. moves both toward and away from the heart. Correct Answer-a. moves only toward the heart 95. Protection received by an infant from the mother's breast milk: a. natural active immunity b. natural passive immunity c. artificial active immunity d. artificial passive immunity Correct Answer-b. natural passive immunity 96. A life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system: a. hives b. anaphylactic shock c. tonsillitis d. appendicitis e. allergy Correct Answer-b. anaphylactic shock 97. The lining of lymphatic vessels allows for movement of materials into and out of the vessels. The epithelium is: a. columnar b. stratified squamous c. cuboidal d. simple squamous e. transitional Correct Answer-d. simple [Show More]

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