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C785 Biochemistry preassessment

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C785 Biochemistry preassessment Assuming 100% reaction efficiency, how many DNA copies are created after the completion of four complete PCR cycles? ANS 16 What is the function of DNA polymerase in the process of PCR? ANS It recognizes the primers and uses the available dNTPs to replicate the template DNA sequence. What are possible blood types of the parents of a patient with blood type AB? ANS A and B 115 116 117 118 − Amino Acid Number Tyr Gly Thr Pro − Amino Acid Sequence TAC GGG ACA CCA − DNA Sequence What is the amino acid in position 118 that results from a single nucleotide insertion immediately following the three guanines that encode for glycine 116? ANS Thr In sickle-cell disease, the glutamic acid (Glu) at position number seven is mutated to valine (Val). What change in codons corresponds to this mutation? ANS GAA to GTA Which type of mammalian DNA damage repair requires the presence of the chromosome that is homologous to the damaged chromosome? ANS Recombination Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a recessive genetic disease that occurs when one or more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision repair are nonfunctional. Why do XP patients have a much higher incidence of skin cancer than the general population? ANS The mutation rate of all other genes is higher due to failure to repair. Which mRNA sequence results in a polypeptide that contains three amino acids? ANS 5' - CUU GAU ACU UAG - 3' Which template strand DNA sequence would result in the amino acid (Ser)? ANS 5' - CGA - 3' What is the complementary sequence for the following DNA sequence? 5' - GCC ATC TCG AAT - 3' ANS 5' - ATT CGA GAT GGC - 3' Studies have shown that increased expression of two genes called SIRT1 and SIRT2 is associated with chronic exposure to cocaine and contributes to drug addiction. What difference in the regions of the SIRT1 and SIRT2 genes in people addicted to cocaine increases their expression? ANS The nucleosomes become more widely spaced. What occurs during the process of alternative splicing of mRNA? ANS Alternate combinations of exons within the same gene are linked together. Which force is most influential in determining the tertiary structure of a protein? ANS Hydrophobic effect Given the following amino acid structure, what is the strongest intermolecular force it would participate in to stabilize a protein structure? ANS Hydrogen bond What is the name of large, functional protein structures composed of smaller proteins with multiple subunits ANS Quaternary structure Which structural level shows the greatest difference when replacing denatured proteins with a denatured single subunit protein? ANS Tertiary

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